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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM By: Michelle Garcia, Angie Ramirez, Karina Rea, Jennifer Martinez, Omar Miranda WHAT IS THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM ? The Circulatory System is the system that circulates blood through the body, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, blood, red blood cells, development, and the structure. DEVELOPMENT Development of the heart and vascular system begin very early within the embryonic and outside the embryo. For this reason vascular development occurs in many places. The most obvious one is the heart. There are several phases during the hearts development. The heart starts off as a tube, it has rapid growth so that's the reason why it twists and bends. STRUCTURE The heart is the key organ in the Circulatory System. Every time your hearts beats, blood is traveling through your body, giving nutrients to every cell. Normal Heart Beats : 60 to 100 times per minute. Athlete : 40 times per minute . Heart Contains four chambers: Two Atria and Two Ventricles. The atria are at the top of the heart while the ventricles are at the bottom. A wall called the Septum, separates the right and left sides of the heart. Also, a valve connects each atrium to the ventricle. The mitral valve connects the Left Atrium and ventricle, the tricuspid valve connects the Right Atrium and ventricle. Top, middle of the heart connect a large blood vessel. The largest is the aorta, it carries nutrient-rich blood away from the heart. The Pulmonary Artery is important because it connects the heart with your lungs. wo important vessels from your heart is the Vena Cava is known for the “superior vein.” The “ inferior vena cava,“ this are the “Heart- veins.” Also, carry deoxygenated blood. Heart weights 11 ounces. VESSELS There are three varieties of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries are the largest veins in the body that helps the heart pump the blood at a high pressure amount. Veins are vessels that also help the heart pump the blood however at a lower pressure. BLOOD Blood is a fluid that the human body contains and is smooth so that the veins or arteries wouldn’t clot. About half of the blood volume is composed of blood cells: Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets. Blood flows through the body providing nutritious, oxygen, and waste removal. The average person can contain more than 5 liters of blood (more than one gallon). So 5 liters will be equal to 21 cups of blood. RED BLOOD CELLS Red blood cells deliver oxygen and remove waste (carbon dioxide) throughout our body. The reason red blood cells are red is because it contains a protein called hemoglobin, which is bright red. Hemoglobin is made up of iron which transports oxygen through the lungs and through the whole body. *Red blood cells are reproduced every 120 days.* RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Order of the Respiratory System: 1. Oxygen enters through the mouth and nose the oxygen enters the larynx (where sounds are produced). 2. Then it enters the trachea, which then leads onto the chest cavity. 3. After it enters the chest cavity it enters two small tubes which are called bronchi. 4. Each bronchi then gets divided into bronchial tubes which then goes into the lungs. 5. Then they get divided into smaller tubes called the alveoli which are air-filled sacs that are surrounded by capillaries. 6. Then the waste- rich blood from the veins releases the carbon dioxide into the alveoli. 7. Which leads the carbon dioxide out of the lungs when you exhale.