Download PreLab Questions Label the diagram below using the following

PreLab Questions
1. Label the diagram below using the following terms:
a. tunica mucosa
b. muscularis mucosa
c. circular layer
d. epithelium
e. tunica submucosa
f. longitudinal layer
g. lamina propria
h. muscularis externa
i. serosa
I
F
H
C
E
D
A
G
B
2. Complete the following table concerning the basic structure of the alimentary canal.
Tunic
Mucosa
Subdivisions/Contents
Submucosa
No subdivisions;
Vascular supply for the mucosa; protection
made of areolar tissue
Muscularis
externa
1)circular layer
2)longitudinal layer
Churning, mixing, propulsion
Serosa or
Adventitia
No subdivisions;
made of dense
irregular CT (above
diaphragm) and
visceral peritoneum
below
protection
1)epithelium
2)lamina propria
3)muscularis mucosa
Function
Absorption
Secretion
3. Label the diagram below:
Parotid gland
Submandibular gland
Sublingual gland
pharynx
esophagus
Descending colon
Transverse colon
Hepatic duct
liver
stomach
Gall bladder
Splenic flexure
Cystic duct
pancreas
duodenum
jejunum
Hepatic flexure
Sigmoid colon
Ascending
colon
Anal canal
anus
appendix
rectum
ileum
4.
Match the items in column B with the descriptive statement in column A
Column A
C
region containing two sphincters through
which feces are expelled
N
organ distal to the stomach
Column B
a. lesser omentum
b. vestibule
c. anus
Q
bone-supported anterosuperior boundary
of the oral cavity
T
structure that suspends the small intestine
from the posterior body wall
V
principal site for the synthesis of vitamin K
by microorganisms
S
large collections of lymphoid tissue in the
submucosa of the large intestine
d. duodenum
e. stomach
f. appendix
g. frenulum
I
mobile organ in the mouth that manipulates
food and initiates swallowing
E
initiates protein digestion
R
serous lining of the abdominal cavity
h. esophagus
i. tongue
j. greater omentum
k. rugae
l. soft palate
O
valve controlling food movement from the
stomach into the duodenum
m. oral cavity
W
conduit for both air and food
n. small intestine
V
absorbs water and forms feces
o. pyloric valve
M
region that breaks down food mechanically
p. haustra
U
valve at the junction between the small and large
Intestine
q. hard palate
r. parietal peritoneum
A
structure attached to the lesser curvature of the
stomach
s. Peyer’s Patches
K
folds of gastric mucosa
t. mesentery
G
membrane securing the tongue to the floor
of the mouth
u. ileocecal valve
F
wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum
v. large intestine
w. pharynx
H
region of the alimentary canal with no digestive/absorptive function
N
primary region of food and water absorption
B
area between the lips/cheeks and teeth
4. The small intestine exhibits three specializations to increase surface area for digestion
and absorption. List and briefly describe these specializations.
Villi - fingerlike projections of the mucosa, increase the surface area for absorption
Microvilli – small hair like projections on the surface of the columnar epithelial cells
Plicae circulares(circular folds) –permanent folds of the mucosal and the submucosal
layers that help in mixing the chyme and slowing the movement of the food.
5. Glands are found in the wall of the alimentary canal and compose parts of the accessory
organs of digestion. The products of these glands are secreted into the lumen of the
alimentary canal. Match the glands to their function or location.
gastric glands
salivary glands
duodenal glands
liver
intestinal crypts
pancreas
pancreas
produces and secretes into the duodenum an alkaline,
enzyme rich fluid
Liver
produces and secretes bile into the duodenum via the bile
duct
Intestinal crypts
found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produces
intestinal juice
Gastric glands
secretes HCl, intrinsic factor, and pepsinogen
Duodenal glands
produces an alkaline mucus that neutralizes the acidic chyme
from the stomach
salivary glands
produces a watery, acidic fluid containing amylase that
begins starch digestion in the mouth
6. Label the diagram below using the following terms:
a. crown
b. enamel
c. root canal
d. pulp cavity
e. neck
f. dentin
g. gingiva
h. cementum
i. root
j. periodontal ligament
B
A
F
D
E
G
H
I
J
C
7. Using the terms listed above complete the following statements:
pulp cavity
contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerve fibers
cementum
crown
a calcified connective tissue which attaches the tooth to
the periodontal ligament
the exposed part of the tooth above the gingival
root
the portion of the tooth embedded in bone
dentin
the material under the enamel, which forms the bulk of the tooth
periodontal ligament the ligament that attaches the tooth to the alveolar socket
8. Label the following diagram using the following terms:
a. common hepatic duct
b. gall bladder
c. main pancreatic duct
d. cystic duct
g. common bile duct
e. duodenum
h. pancreas
f. hepatopancreatic sphincter
D
B
A
H
G
E
F
C