Download How do Minerals effect ToothPASTE - Mixon 12-13

What are the effects of
minerals in toothpaste? Which
toothpaste keeps teeth clean
the best: Colgate Total or Crest
Pro-health?
By Joey K
And Kyle C
Rulite, Ilmenite,
and Anatase
Rulite, ilmenite, and anatase are all
found in igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Rulite, ilmenite and
anatase are minerals used to make
Titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide
is a chemical compound found in
toothpaste. It gives the toothpaste
its white pigment.
Titanium oxide is also used to color
paint, paper, and plastic white.
Calcite and
Aluminum Oxide
Calcite is found in metamorphic and
sedimentary rocks. It has many uses
such as making paper, paint, plastic. It
is found in many items such as shoe
cleaners and foods high in calcium.
Calcite and aluminum
oxide are two abrasive minerals
found in toothpaste that gives it its
cleaning power. They are very
coarse minerals that give
toothpaste a corrosive texture. This
texture helps to scrub teeth clean.
Aluminum
oxide is found
in igneous and
metamorphic
rocks. It has
many uses
such as filler for
plastic and an
ingredient in hip
replacements.
Mica
Mica is found in igneous, sedimentary,
and metamorphic rocks. Mica sheets
are very durable and are found in
many electronics.
Mica is a soft mineral in
toothpaste used to polish teeth.
Mica is mildly abrasive, but not as
much as other minerals such as
calcite. As a result, the mineral is
not an effective cleaning agent.
Instead, mica polishes teeth. Mica
also gives toothpaste its sparkles
because of its sparkly appearance.
Quartz
Quartz is the second most abundant
mineral in earth’s crust. It is found in
igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary
rocks.
Quartz is a mineral used to
make silica sand. Silica sand is
also made up of silicon dioxide
which is very coarse. This makes it
one of the abrasive ingredients in
toothpaste. However the sand
alone would scratch your teeth, so
it is processed into amorphous
silica which is much softer. The
amorphous silica also acts as a
thickener which prevents the solids
and liquids from separating.
Fluorite
Fluorite is said to be the most colorful
mineral in the world, however pure
fluorite is colorless. It is found in
igneous and sedimentary rocks
Fluoride is made from the
mineral fluorite. It is the most popular
active ingredient in toothpaste.
Fluoride helps to prevent cavities and
it strengthens tooth enamel.
Colgate Total vs. Crest ProHealth
We found an experiment comparing two toothpastes: Colgate Total
and Crest Pro-Health. In the survey, the subjects were given one of the two
toothpastes at random. They used them twice a day and the researchers
documented the plaque growth daily over the coarse of one month.
After three trials, the researches found that the Colgate total
was significantly better at reducing plaque growth than Crest ProHealth.
Analysis
Colgate Total
Crest Pro-Health
 Uses Sodium Fluoride
 Uses Stannous Fluoride
 Has 0.243% Fluoride
 Has 0.454% Fluoride
 Has Triclosan
 Triclosan
We learned that triclosan was an antifungal agent that prevents
gingivitis. Researchers found that it had no effect on plaque growth.
Because of this, we believe that sodium fluoride is more effective than
the stannous fluoride. Since fluoride comes from fluorite, we have
concluded that the mineral fluorite is the most effective mineral in
toothpaste for preventing plaque.
Works Cited (Websites)

" Cochise College Student Papers in Geology." Cochise College P. N.p., n.d. Web.
23 Mar. 2013.
http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/students/toothpaste/project.htm.

"Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National
Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21269038>.

Lang, Constance. "What Minerals Are in Toothpaste?" EHow. Demand Media, 22
Apr. 2009. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. http://www.ehow.com/facts_4923112_whatminerals-toothpaste.html.

"Crest Pro-Health Frequently Asked Questions." Crest Pro Health Frequently
Asked Questions. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.crestprohealth.com/pro-health-faq/>.
Works Cited (Images)

Quartz Watches. 2009. Photograph. Blavish.com. Web. 24 Mar. 2013. <http://blavish.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/06/quartz-watches-150x150.jpg>.

Silicon-Oxide. N.d. Photograph. Tradett.com. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
<http://image.tradett.com/images/products/BA2011123117120517384647ujsats0523/9999silicon-monoxide-sio-sinter-for-vacuum-coating.jpg>.

Limestone Chalk. 2012. Photograph. Geology.com. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
<http://geology.com/rocks/pictures/limestone-chalk-380.jpg>.

Aluminum Oxide. 2009. Photograph. Commons.wikimedia.org. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.

Calcite5. N.d. Photograph. Gwydir.demon.co.uk. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
<http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/jo/minerals/pix/calcite5.jpg>.

Anatase. 2007. Photograph. Webmineral.com.
Http:webmineral.com/specimens/photos/Anatase.jpg. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.

After_Ilmentie. 2006. Photograph. Mineral-forum.com. Web. 24 Mar. 2013. <http://www.mineralforum.com/messageboard/files/rutile_and_hematite_pseudomorph_after_ilmenite_mc9k7_194.jpg>.
Works Cited (Images)

Mica MuscoviteMica02. 2008. Photograph. Rocksforkids.com. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.
http://www.rocksforkids.com/images/mica%20MuscoviteMica02.jpg.

Quartz_with_Rulite. 2011. Photograph. Commons.wikimedia.org. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Quartz_with_Rulite_Macro.JPG>.

Naturale_fluorite. 2010. Photograph. Commons.wikimedia.org. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.
<https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/9104_-_Milano__Museo_storia_naturale_-_Fluorite_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall'Orto_22-Apr-2007.jpg>.

004-1. 2009. Photograph. Energymuse.wordpress.com. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.
<http://energymuse.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/004-1.jpeg>.

GRF102d. 2013. Photograph. Irocks.com. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.
http://www.irocks.com/db_pics/new2010/GRF102d.jpg.

Titanium-Dioxide-Sample. 2011. Photograph. Commons.wikimedia.org//. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Titanium-dioxide-sample.jpg.