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Ancient History Study Guide: Ch. 1-8 Test 25 January 2013 Name:_________________________________Section:_______________________________________ Part I. Map Be able to identify the following locations. Mt. Olympus Aegean Sea Mediterranean Crete Ilion (Troy) Athens Sparta Knossos Corinth Mycenae Argos Peloponnese Peisistratus Hippias Damocles Agamemnon Part II. Figures Review the significance of each of the following figures. Herodotus Draco Thucydides Greek gods Minos Homer Sappho Solon Cleisthenes Isagoras Part III. Dates Be able to match each of the following events to the correct date. o o o 1200-900 – Dark age of Greece 900-750 century – Late Dark Age 750-490 – Archaic Age 6000 – Minoans appear on island of Crete 2000 – Minoans begin to build palaces 1900 – Mycenaean migrate to Greece 1800 – (around) Linear A developed 1700 – earthquake damages palaces; rebuilt larger 1700-1500 – Thera erupts 1600 – Mycenaean cities develop and fortify (Mycenae, Tyrins, Pylos, etc.) 1450 – Minoan civilization collapses; Mycenae conquers Crete; Linear B develops 1400-1200 Height of Mycenaean civilization 1200 – Destruction of Troy; Sea people destroy Hatti and attack Mycenaean civilization (perhaps). 776 – Greeks hold their first Olympics 750 – Homer composes the Iliad and Odyssey 600 – Solon reforms laws 527 – Peisistratus tyrant 514 – Hippias 508 – Isagoras Part IV. Major Ideas Be able to respond to and discuss each of the following questions. 1. What are the prominent features of Greek geography? How did these features affect Greek life? How does Greek geography differ from Mesopotamian and Egyptian geography? 2. Since they did not have a unified nation, what features defined a Greek? I.e., what made a “Greek” a “Greek”? Ancient History Study Guide: Ch. 1-8 Test 25 January 2013 3. How does Thucydides describe the factors that brought about civilization on Crete and the neighboring islands under king Minos? What mythological evidence suggests that the Minoans dominated their Mycenaean neighbors? 4. What do the archeological artifacts on Crete demonstrate about the Minoan civilization? Review the following artifacts specifically: the storage rooms beneath the Knossos palace, Linear A tablets, Throne Room, frescos of women, Minoan pottery & images in Egypt, images of bull leaping. 5. What were the features of Minoan mythology? What were the military practices of the Minoans? 6. What was the origin of the Mycenaeans? What factors slowed the growth of their civilization according to Thucydides? Why did they build fortified cities? What are cyclopean walls? What was their political arrangement? 7. What was the effect of the volcanic eruption on Thera on the Minoans? Why did the Minoans finally collapse? 8. How were the Mycenaeans influenced by the Minoans? 9. What archeological evidence points toward the Trojan War? What is the story of the Trojan War according to the Iliad, Odyssey, and other mythological sources? What was the importance of the Iliad to the Greeks? 10. What brought about the fall of the Mycenaean civilization and caused the Dark Age? 11. What were the main characteristics of the Dark Age and Late Dark Age? 12. What is the significance of myths in the study of history? Who were the major Greek gods and goddesses? What role did the Greeks believe that gods played in the lives of men? What were the gods’ human-like characteristics? How do the Greek gods resemble those of Mesopotamia? 13. What is the Greek myth of creation? How do the stories of Cronus and Zeus demonstrate the chaos inherent in creation? What is the preeminent flaw in men evident in the myths of Phaethon, Arachne, Tantalus, and Daedalus and Icarus? 14. Who were the Greek bards and what was their importance? 15. What were the principle features of the Archaic Age? What led to the Greeks’ aggressive colonization efforts? What is a polis? What are its principle features? 16. What was the political and economic situation in Athens around 600BC? 17. Who was Solon and what were his four legislative reforms? How did his laws move Athens toward a democratic system? 18. Who is Peisistratus? How did he come to power, and what kind of government did he form? What laws did he enact to bolster the Athenian economy? 19. How was Peisistratus’ family driven from power? 20. How did Cleisthenes found democracy in Athens? What were his motivations?