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Brief description of non ear region anatomy of Bothriogenys, DUPC 5248. The partially-preserved, single sagittal crest (Fig. 2.2) starts at the junction of the two frontal crests and extends to the nuchal crest; a deep crease lies between the frontal crests. The two temporal crests (Fig. 2.1) start superior to the external acoustic meatus and meet the nuchal crest dorsally. The external acoustic meatus extends several centimeters superior to skull base. The squamosal forms both postglenoid and posttympanic processes, which do not meet ventrally, and both are fused with the elongate, bony meatal tube. The postglenoid foramen (diameter ~ 2 mm) is wedged deeply between the meatal tube and the postglenoid process. The long axis of the glenoid fossa (Fig. 2.3) is oriented such that the lateral margin is slightly more anterior than the medial margin. No significant preglenoid process exists. Superior to the glenoid fossa is a large supraglenoid foramen (~ 2 mm in diameter), which, on the right side only, has a second, smaller foramen adjacent to it (Fig. 2.2). The occiput is tall and mediolaterally narrow (Fig. 2.4). The external occipital crest is subtle; it is best preserved at its base but extends to the superior aspect of the occiput where it ends in a “V” shape. On either side of it superiorly are two deep depressions that are holes but may not have been true foramina. The superior edge of the exoccipital is distinct from but fused to the squamosal. The slit-like mastoid foramen is roofed superiorly by a short, straight shelf of squamosal (this resembles the morphology of Pakicetus inachus, UM-GSP 084). The occipital condyles are triangular in distal view; superior to them (Figs. 2.1, 2.4) is a small dorsal condyloid foramen. The large foramen magnum is marked superiorly by a small nuchal tubercle (not preserved on right). The occipital condyles are separated at the ventral midline (Fig. 2.3) by a very small space. Both extend anteriorly forming flexion stops (Janis and Scott, 1987). Just lateral to each of these is one large foramen that Schmidt (1913) called the condyloid foramen. This foramen (~ 10 mm in diameter), the only one in the area, is more likely the hypoglossal foramen.