Download Rates in Fluid Systems

Rates in Fluid Systems
• Volume Flow Rate = Δ in volume / time interval
V = ΔV / Δt
= cross sectional area x fluid speed
V = Aν
– Units of measurement: m3/s, ft3/min, liters/h, etc.
• Mass Flow Rate = Δ in mass / time interval
m = Δm / Δt
= fluid density x cross sectional area x fluid speed
m = ρAv
– Units of measurement: g/s, kg/min, slug/hr, etc.
Applications of Fluid Rates
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Bottling plants
City water supply systems
Air compressors
The space shuttle
Can you thin of anything else?
Rate in Electrical Systems
• The flow of charge is called the current it is
the rate at which electric charges pass though
a conductor.
– The charged particle can be either positive or
negative.
Measuring Current and Voltage
• Ammeters measure current in electrical
circuits.
• Voltmeters measure potential difference
(voltage) in electrical circuits.
• What are the two types of electrical circuits?
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
Ohm’s Law
• Voltage = Current x
Resistance
V=IxR
V- volts
I- amperes
R-ohms
Resistors
• What is the current of a
circuit that has 3 V and
0.5 ohm of resistance?
• What is the resistance if
voltage is 3.0 V and
current is 1.5 A?
Rate in Thermal Systems
• Conductors vs. Insulators
• Transfer of thermal energy
– Conduction
• Transfer of thermal energy when here is a temperature
difference between adjacent parts (ie. Touching a hot surface)
– Convection
• Transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (ie. Heat form a
fire)
– Radiation
• Thermal energy transferred as a wave. (ie. Sunlight)
Assignment
• Answer 1 – 5 pg 146 – 147
• Answer 1-5 pg 155, sketch and identify
circuits in #11 pg 156
• Answer 1-3 pg. 164
• Drop me your acceleration Lab from last week