Download Biology Final Exam Review The process that occurs within the

Biology Final Exam Review
The process that occurs within the oviduct in humans
also occurs within which structure?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
A
E
F
G
iv.
Pollen grains are transferred from the
anther to the stigma.
Petals and nectar are adaptions that
increase the chance of pollination.
The pollen grain requires water to swim from
the stamen to the pistil.
A pollen tube develops in the pistil after
pollination.
Excretion of carbon dioxide by root cells
Conduction of water and minerals between
the roots and leaves
Synthesis of auxins in the roots
Diffusion of oxygen between root epidermal
cells
Releasing gametes to travel in air currents
Bursting open and projecting gametes onto
the landscape
Attracting a particular bird, insect, or other
animal
All of the above
The tip was cut off a stem of a growing plant, and an auxin was
applied to one side of the cut stem, as indicated in the diagram
shown. The plant was then placed in the dark for 24 hours. As a
result of the application of the auxin, the stem would most
likely have
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Stopped growing
Grown straight up
Grown toward A
Grown toward B
Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives attached to the side of a tree. An
organism from this new species
•
Is multicellular
•
Has cell walls
•
Has vascular tissues
•
Makes its own food
•
Has structures that absorb moisture from the air
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Water
Nitrogen gas
Oxygen gas
Carbon dioxide gas
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Primary phloem
Xylem
Secondary phloem
Periderm
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
A and B
F and D
H and G
C and F
ii.
Which statement about reproduction in flowering plants is not correct?
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
A chewing insect damages the vascular tissue of a plant stem. This damage will most directly
affect the
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
Flowers produced by angiosperms help ensure the transfer of gametes by
iii.
The scientists put the organism in a sealed glass container and placed it in the sunlight for
several hours. Which of these increased inside the container?
A removal of all the leaves from a tree will most likely not affect transport rates in which of
the following structures
According to the picture below, which
structures can prevent fertilization from
occurring when removed:
Spartina, a cord grass, grows in salt marshes and stores salt in its roots. This makes the salt
concentration in its roots greater than that of the surrounding water. What most likely
occurs in response to this salt concentration in the roots?
In plants, the growth of leaves toward sunlight and the growth of roots toward moisture-rich
regions of the soil are controlled by
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Salt moves into the roots
Water moves into the roots
Nutrients move out of the roots
Water moves out of the leaves into the air.
Vitamins
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Antibodies
According to the table, which two types of animals are
most similar?
According to the table above, which trait would be most useful for distinguishing between
reptiles and amphibians?
Which activity has had the most negative effect on the environment?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Snakes and lizards
Turtles and lizards
Salamanders and toads
Toads and frogs
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
Skeleton
Lungs
External limbs
Scales
Recycling of aluminum cans
Biological control of insect pests
Importation of the gypsy moth
Control of air pollution
Plant cells are prokaryotic and animal cells
are eukaryotic
Plant cells have cell walls and animal cells
don’t have cell walls
Plant cells are endothermic and animal cells
are exothermic
Plant cells are heterotrophs and animal cells
are autotrophs
ii.
What is the major difference between plant and animal cells?
iii.
iv.
Which change would usually increase competition for food among the squirrel population in a
certain area?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
The table to
the right lists
several birds
commonly
found in
Texas. Which
two are the
most closely
related?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
An epidemic of rabies among squirrels
An increase in the number of squirrels killed
on the highways
An increase in the number of hawks that prey
on squirrels
A temporary increase in the squirrel
reproduction rate
Bald eagle and white-tailed hawk
Green-winged teal and mallard
Northern mockingbird and bald eagle
White-tailed hawk and northern mockingbird
Which kingdom does this organism belong to?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Fungi
Plantae
Archaebacteria
Animalia
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
U
S
T
Q
According to the phylogenetic tree below, which
organism is most closely related to R?
i.
ii.
An environmental organization wants to investigate the effects of a mine on the local wildlife.
Which one of the following tests will be most useful in its investigation?
iii.
iv.
The science of grouping and naming organisms is
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Measure the heights of the larges trees in
the area.
Calculate the amount of pollution produced
by the factory in one day.
Determine the population of local animals
before the mine was created.
Compare the change in population of local
animals before and after the mine was
created.
Classification
Nomenclature
Phylogeny
Taxonomy
What conclusion(s) can be made from the succession diagrams:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Choose the statement(s) that best apply:
1. A new climax community is established at the end of each succession stage
2. Biodiversity is most abundant in stages A and B
3. There is no change in populations at the end of each stage of succession
4. The time period for succession stages to be completed is 20 years
When brown tree snakes were first introduced to the island of Guam, they had no natural
predators. These snakes sought out and ate many of the eggs of birds that eat insects. What
probably occurred after the introduction of the brown tree snakes?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
The chart above shows the classification of four organisms found in Texas. Which organism is
most closely related to Organism X?
Lichens that colonize bare rocks are an example of a pioneer species. In which environment
would a pioneer species be most successful?
I only
II and III
III and IV
I and II
The bird population increased.
The insect population increased.
The bird population began to seek a new food
source.
The insect population began to seek a new
food source.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Anolis carolinensis
Poecile gambeli
Bufo americanus
Grus americana
i.
ii.
iii.
An old-growth deciduous forest
A hillside that has been cleared by a glacier
A mountain meadow after the spring
snowmelt
A grassland that has established itself on the
site of an old farm
iv.
What kingdom contains organisms that are multicellular, have no chlorophyll, and absorb
nutrients from decaying tissue?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Fungi
Protista
Plantae
Animalia
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
A
E
C
D
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
It was parasitic.
It was a predator.
It was a plant-eating dinosaur.
It spent most of its time underwater.
Nitrifying bacteria are represented by letter
Archaeopteryx (ar-kay-op-ter-icks) is the name given to a
creature that lived about 145 million years ago. This creature had
feathered wings that enabled it to fly, but its skeleton resembled
that of a small carnivorous dinosaur. It is believed to have been
cold-blooded. This creature was first discovered in Germany in a
layer of ground associated with the Jurassic period.
Based on the information in the passage, what is most likely true
of Archaeopteryx’s place in the ecosystem?
i.
One major contributor to global warming is an increased amount of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere. If the number of living plants significantly increased, then—
ii.
iii.
iv.
Study the diagram below of a partial
desert food web. Then answer the
following question.
Which of these is not a testable
hypothesis?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
ii.
iii.
iv.
Which organ filters blood that has collected wastes from cells throughout the body and
maintains the homeostasis of body fluids?
Which type of muscle makes up the heart?
Nutrition involves those activities by which organisms
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Global warming would get worse because of
the increase in carbon dioxide caused by
plants.
Global warming would be reduced because of
the decrease in carbon dioxide caused by
photosynthesis.
Global warming would get worse because of
the increase in oxygen caused by plants.
There would not be a noticeable impact on
global carbon dioxide levels.
The yucca moth pollinates the Joshua tree.
Seeds of the Joshua tree are dispersed by
wood rats.
The red-tailed hawk is the most important
organism in this food web.
The boring weevil feeds on several plants in
the desert.
Exchange of gases between the body and the
environment
Absorbing oxygen
Release carbon dioxide
Transport oxygen to the body
Heart
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth
All of these
Remove cellular waste products
Obtain and process materials needed for
other activities
Exchange gases with their environment
Absorb and circulate materials
i.
During a long distance run on a hot day, an athlete produces large quantities of sweat. As a
result, the kidneys change the rate of urine production. Why is this change important?
ii.
iii.
iv.
Decreased urine production increases the
amino acids in the blood.
Increased urine production removes amino
acids in the blood.
Decreased urine production allows the body
to conserve water.
Increased urine production allows more
water to remain in the bloodstream.
Where does digestion first take place in the diagram?
Select the organ indicated on the
diagram that is most closely
associated with the statement. A
hemorrhage or blood clot in this
organ may result in a stroke.
A student’s heart rate is 72 beats per minute at rest. After exercising, the student’s heart
rate is 112 beats per minute. After 20 minutes of rest, it is back to 72 beats per minute. This
series of events illustrates—
The pituitary gland in the brain regulates other glands, such as the thyroid gland. The thyroid
gland sends messages back to the pituitary gland. How do the pituitary and thyroid gland
communicate with each other?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
A
B
C
D
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
1
3
5
6
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Respiration
Extrapolation
Homeostasis
Excretion
DNA in pituitary cell diffuses into the thyroid.
Electrons travel between the pituitary gland
and the thyroid gland
The nervous system relays signals from the
pituitary gland to the thyroid gland.
Blood transports hormones between the
pituitary gland and the thyroid gland.
Are the smallest organisms
Consist of a protein surrounded by a nucleic
acid coat
Contain RNA or DNA in a protein coat
All form the same crystalline shape
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
2, 3, 1, 4
4, 1, 3, 2
1, 3, 2, 4
3, 1, 4, 2
iii.
iv.
Scientists know that viruses –
Put the statements below in the correct sequence.
Sentence 1.
Sentence 2.
Sentence 3.
Sentence 4.
Viral DNA is injected into the cell.
Viruses are released.
New viruses are made.
A virus attaches to the host cell surface.
i.
ii.
A virus containsi.
ii.
iii.
iv.
protein, nucleic acid, and is capable of
replication
protein, nucleus, and is capable of
manufacturing nucleic acids
protein, ribosomes, and can be seen by an
optical microscope
proteins, nucleic acid, and cannot be seen by
any microscope
Edward Jenner
i.
Edward Jenner (1749-1823) was a British physician whose research led to the elimination of
the disease smallpox. Smallpox is a contagious viral disease that infects the bloodstream of
its victims. Smallpox was not always deadly, but it often left scars on its victims, who
afterward were immune to the disease. Jenner noticed that farm workers who had been
infected with a similar, milder disease, known as cowpox, never caught smallpox. He
administered a small dose of cowpox to a child, who proved immune to smallpox when he was
exposed to smallpox two months later.
ii.
iii.
iv.
A person who had been infected with either
cowpox or smallpox
A person with cowpox who had already
survived a smallpox epidemic
A person who survived cowpox, but became
infected with Lyme disease
A person who had never had cowpox, but
came in contact with smallpox
Which of the following would be a control for Jenner’s experiment?
i.
ii.
If you get the chickenpox when you are young, you are not likely to get it again. Why is this?
iii.
iv.
The chicken pox virus cannot enter your body
again.
The medicines you took for the chickenpox
are stored in your body.
Chickenpox is not as harmful now as it used
to be.
Your body has formed antibodies against the
chickenpox virus.
Which of the following below would be a product of the lysogenic cycle?
Using the informatio
n, why is Sendai virus used as a
vaccine against HPIV-1?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
3
1
4
2
i.
ii.
It alters the protein coat of HPIV-1.
It makes cells chemically unrecognizable to
HPIV-1.
It forms a protective barrier against HPIV-1.
It triggers the production of antibodies that
fight HPIV-1.
iii.
iv.
Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be
controlled by antibiotics. Streptococcus is a An example of a prokaryotic cell is a(n):
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
virus
bacterium
protozoan
fungus
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
E. coli bacteria
heart muscle cell
virus
paramecium
Which is a way HIV can be transmitted?
A person with AIDS is likely to develop infectious diseases because the virus that causes AIDS
Which of the following animals in the figure below
is an omnivore?
i.
ii.
iii.
i.
i.
ii.
iii.
i.
Shaking hands
Sharing needles
Hugging
Infected toilet seat
Destroys cancerous cells
Damages the immune system
Increases the rate of antibody production
Increases the rate of microbe destruction
i.
ii.
iii.
i.
Fox
Caterpillar
Rabbit
Partridge