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Year Group:
Week
6
Learning
Objectives/Question
STARTER:
What do we already know?
1
To identify and name the main
parts of the human circulatory
system, and understand the
functions of the heart, blood
vessels and blood
L.O. Why can the heart be
described as the most
important pump we have?
2
Identify and name the main
parts of the human circulatory
system, and describe the
functions of the heart, blood
vessels and blood
L.O. What happens to the
oxygen we breathe?
Subject: Science
Focus: Animals including humans
Main teaching points/children’s activities
Children use the concept map to show what they already know about the human
circulatory (blood) system and the heart and lungs. Discuss this with their
partner, sharing ideas. With a partner write questions that they would like to find
the answers to throughout the unit.
Look at the structure of the human heart & compare to other animal hearts.
Discuss its appearance and function. Discuss how blood is pumped to all parts of
the human body – the lungs, brain, muscles, liver, kidneys, etc. It does a double or
figure of eight circulation as the blood passes through the heart twice in every
full circulation, first it goes to the lungs and back to the heart and then it goes to
the rest of the body before returning to the heart again. (see resources). The
blood is pumped round the body by the heart – show children a balloon pump
blowing up a balloon or a child’s toy water pump, so they understand the concept
of pumping. Find out that it is muscle tissue that contracts & relaxes. Listen to a
heart beating & discover how it pumps blood to the lungs & the rest of the body in
a double circulation.
Children make a fist holding it near their chest in the correct position, just to the
left of centre – this is the size of their heart.
Independent tasks: Discussion drawing; which child, if any, is correct? Discuss and
carry out. What happens? Listen to the heart; use kitchen towel tubes to listen to
the heart. Complete the cloze procedure on the heart and its function.
Why is it necessary for the blood to be taken to the lungs? This is where the
blood collects the oxygen that is needed for all parts of the body. The oxygen is
exchanged for waste carbon dioxide that leaves our body when we breathe out.
This is one of the seven life processes common to all animals (& plants) and is
called respiration. Why is it necessary for the blood to be taken to the rest of
the body? Blood transports nutrients, water & oxygen to the cells/organs to
enable them to work properly & transports waste materials away from the cells.
Hormones (chemical messengers) are also carried by the circulatory system, so it
is a major transport system!
Ask chn to take a very deep breath & slowly breathe out, encouraging them to
feel their ribs & feel for air leaving their mouth as they do so. The amount of air
that we breathe in when we take a deep breath is called our lung capacity.
Amazing fact: we breathe over 23,000 times a day (more if we exercise!).
Independent tasks: Children measure their lung capacity, do drag & drop labelling &
make card lungs.
Learning outcomes
Term: Autumn 1
Resources
Concept map
-To understand that the heart acts like
a pump.
-To understand that blood is pumped to
all parts of our body.
Week 1 resources; human
heart, double circulation.
Discussion drawing, cloze
procedure on heart (see
wk2 resources)
Heart ppt.
-To understand that the blood collects
oxygen from the lungs and in exchange
gets rid of carbon dioxide (respiration).
-To be able to describe the structure of
the lungs.
-To be able to explain what happens
when we breathe in and out.
Week 2 resources,
Lung capacity w/sht,
Making lungs
Lungs ppt.
3
Describe the ways in which
nutrients and water are
transported within animals,
including humans.
L.O. Why could we describe
blood as the body's river
system?
How much blood do you think adults have in their bodies? Nine pints or 5 litres –
show children that volume of red liquid. Explain to the children that the blood is
pumped round the body through blood vessels: arteries, blood vessels that carry
blood away from the heart; veins that carry blood back towards the heart&
capillaries, tiny blood vessels that carry blood to the individual cells. Capillaries
join the arteries to the veins. There are about 59,962 miles or about 96,500
kilometres (twice round the world) of blood vessels in one body!
Discover that the blood has many important functions: transport of oxygen,
nutrients & waste materials, fights against infection & helps keep the body at the
right temperature. Find out about blood groups, blood transfusion, blood pressure &
blood vessels!
- Describe the functions of the
different components of blood, e.g.
carrying oxygen, fighting infection &
clotting.
- Explain that there are three types of
blood vessels: arteries, veins and
capillaries.
- Understand that there are different
blood groups.
Blood.ppt
Independent tasks: complete a cloze procedure on blood and then draw a
bar chart showing the different blood groups.
4
Describe the way in which
nutrients and water are
transported within animals,
including humans
L.O. What have we learnt from
pioneers like William Harvey?
5
Recognise the impact of diet,
exercise, drugs and lifestyle on
the way their bodies function.
L.O. Why can the heart be
described as the most
important pump we have?
Find out more about the double circulation in humans & the history of this
understanding. Use a drama activity to explain the system and then research the
biographies of both Galen & William Harvey.
- Understand that blood is an important
transport system in my body.
- Understand that my blood passes
through the heart twice during each
Independent tasks: Research facts about William Harvey and/or Galen (see website
circulation (double circulation).
list) & create some Did You Know? Cards (each containing one fact about one of
- Understand that it wasn’t until the 17th
these famous scientists/doctors) for a display about the history of our
century that the double circulation was
understanding of the circulatory system.
described.
Explain what pulse rate is and demonstrate how to measure their resting pulse at
- Measure my own pulse rate.
the wrist or neck. Count for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4. Chn should record
- Work out the average (mean) pulse
their resting pulse rate several times in a table. Did they get the same results
rate.
each time? Why? Why is it important to take several measurements? Explain how
- Describe the effect of exercise on
to find the average (mean) of their measurements.
pulse rate.
Independent tasks: working in grps decide on their exercise, e.g. running round
the field/hall, star jumps, jogging on the spot, skipping, etc, and for how long they
are going to exercise. How many measurements will they take? How many children
will exercise? Plan and then carry out investigation and record measurements.
They need to measure their pulse rate before and immediately after the exercise
and then at further intervals too to measure the recovery period (time it takes to
return to resting heart/pulse rate). Children should ensure their pulse rate had
returned to its resting rate before starting the next set of measurements.
William Harvey ppt.
Pulse rate ppt.
6
Recognise the impact of diet,
exercise, drugs and lifestyle on
the way their bodies function.
L.O. What does your body
need?
Discover why the pulse rate increases with exercise and how exercise helps keep
us & our hearts healthy. Discuss the importance of a healthy balanced diet and
plenty of rest too. Discuss the effect of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs on the
body in general. What do they understand by the term ‘drug’? Explain that drugs
are substances that cause chemical reactions in the body. Discuss the fact that
there is a lot of pressure from peers (children of their own age), advertising (not
so much now) and older teenagers to try smoking, alcohol & various drugs and it is
sometimes difficult to say ‘No!’
Independent tasks: Children produce an information leaflet about a form of
exercise. They should describe the exercise, encourage other children to take
part in the exercise, describe the muscles that are used and which parts of the
skeleton are moved, include an explanation of why the heart pumps faster to
increase the blood supply to the muscles of the body, explain how and why it is
good for your health and which medical conditions it helps to prevent.
Produce a poster outlining short term effects and long term effects of alcohol,
tobacco or other drugs in order to encourage other children/teenagers to say no
to these things.
- Understand why exercise is important
for my health.
- Explain what I need to keep my body
healthy.
What your body
needs.ppt.