Download Vocabulary Strategies PPT

Vocabulary
Tools and Strategies
Why Teach Vocabulary
• Vocabulary deficits are a major cause of
problems with reading comprehension
• Students with low SES have a fraction of the
vocabulary of those with higher SES
– Entering kindergarten with half the vocabulary of a high SES
student, and adding new words at a much slower rate.
• Context is not enough – explicit instruction of
vocabulary is also needed
How to Introduce Vocabulary
• Limit number: 5-10 words at a time
• Provide student-friendly definitions
• Provide context clue sentences
• Create activities that will engage students in
dealing with the words’ meaning
– Writing which connects to personal experiences
– Graphic organizers, thinking activities, and games
• Use multiple strategies, repeated exposures
12 exposures enough for most students, but others require 20 or more
Some Tools and Strategies
• Vocabulary Cartoons
• LINCS Index Cards
• Synonym/Antonym Fill-in-the-blank
• Frayer Model
• And many more!
Vocabulary Cartoons
LINCS Vocabulary Strategy
(Ellis, 2000)
Students create flash cards
with their own word-sound and
picture links
Word  Reminding Word  Reminding Story  Picture  Definition
Creating LINCS Study Cards
1. Draw a line across the middle of both sides of an index card.
2. Write the word on the top half of one side. Then circle it.
fief
3. Write the parts of the definition you need to remember on the
top of the other side.
.
fief
Land given by king
for fighting in army
Creating LINCS Study Cards
(cont.)
4. Write the Reminding Word on the bottom of the first side.
fief
Land given by king
for fighting in army
chief
5. Write the LINCing Story and draw the LINCing picture on the
bottom half of the second side.
fief
chief
Land given by king
for fighting in army
Chief of
his land
LINCS Study Cards – More examples
perpetual
pet
charitable
table
constantly
My pet
constantly
barks
giving, generous
He gave
lots of food
for the table
Provided definition
to make your own LINCS card
Mitosis:
Asexual reproduction of cells
Synonym/Antonym
Fill-in-the-Blanks
Word
Antonym
Synonym
domestic
for_ign
_____________________
prosperity
p_v_rty
_____________________
revenue
p_ym_nts _____________________
rural
urb_n
subsequent prev_ous
_____________________
_____________________
Frayer Model
Definition
Facts
Word/Concept
integer
Examples
Non-examples
Frayer Model
Definition
Facts
- Is a number
- May be positive
- Has no fractional or
. decimal part
- May be negative
- May be zero
Word/Concept
integer
Examples
Non-examples
Frayer Model
Definition
Facts
- Is a number
- May be positive
- Has no fractional or
. decimal part
- May be negative
- May be zero
Word/Concept
integer
0
0.2
-4
-1.3
781
Examples
2/3
Non-examples
And More Tools & Strategies
Concept Sort / List-Group-Label
Used to introduce the vocabulary of a new topic, or to review
already-learned vocabulary.
 Teacher identifies words,
 Creates several sets of cards (one word per card)
 Students sort word cards into categories
 Categories can be defined by the teacher or the students.
deciduous
leaves
water
bark
evergreen
forests
branches
mountains
sunlight
soil
roots
rainforest
Example For introducing a book about trees. Sort words into categories:

Parts of a tree

Types of trees

Where trees grow

What trees need to grow
Prefix / Root / Suffix
Semantic Feature Analysis
FDR
Democrat
JFK
Nixon
Reagan Clinton
+
+
–
–
+
+
–
+
–
–
-/+
+
–
-/+
-/+
+
–
+
+
+
Served in
Congress
–
+
+
–
–
Won majority
of popular vote
+
–
-/+
+
–
Wartime a
President
Congress of
same party
Reelected
Word Hunt
Provide a text (newspaper, book, magazine, etc.) and have students
find/highlight all words with a certain characteristic.
Example:
Find all words ending in –ate or –ation
Other characteristics might be:
 Words describing people, Republicans,
Democrats etc.
 Words related to geography
 Words setting mood or tone
 Words that contain certain prefixes or suffixes
 Words that mean add or subtract (math)
List the words and discuss/write a brief definition / synonym for each.
Discuss other words with those characteristics.
Word Box
Definition
Sentence
Word
Synonym
Antonym
Related words
Picture
B I N G O
isolate
neutral
agriculture
suffrage
prosperity
subsequent
domination
innovation
monarchy
ratify
excessive
legislate
amend
unanimous
urban
revenue
Check out digital versions of
these vocabulary tools at:
autoliteracy.wikispaces.com
References
Allen, J. (1999). Words, Words, Words: Teaching Vocabulary in Grades 4-12.
Portland, Maine: Steinhouse Publications. www.steinhouse.com ISBN: 157110-085-7
Beck, I.,McKeown, M.,Kucan, L. (2002). Bringing Words to Life: Robust
Vocabulary Instruction. NY: Guilford Press
Ellis, E. S. (2000). The LINCS Vocabulary Strategy. Lawrence, Kansas: Edge
Enterprises, Inc.
www.adlit.org Adolescent Literacy website