Download Urinary and Circulatory Study Guide The urinary system removes

Urinary and Circulatory Study Guide
The urinary system removes waste materials.
1.
Life processes produce wastes.
Removal of wastes is essential in maintaining body functions. In addition to the urinary system,
the digestive and respiratory systems, and the skin enable the body to remove wastes.
2. The urinary system removes waste from the blood.
 Kidneys filter materials out of the circulatory system. Some of these materials are
eliminated as waste. Other materials are returned to the blood.
 From the kidneys, liquid waste material called urine travels down structures called ureters
and into the bladder. There the urine is eliminated from the body through the urethra.
3. The kidneys act as filters.
Nephrons, which are looping tubes found inside the kidney, act as filters. Blood passes through
a structure in the nephron called the glomerulus, where waste materials are filtered out. Once
blood passes through the nephron, the waste material passes out of the kidney and into the
ureters. The kidneys also regulate the amount of water in the body.
Circulatory System
The circulatory system works with other body systems.
 The circulatory system transports digested materials from the digestive
system to cells of the body. It also transports oxygen to cells of the body and
removes carbon dioxide and other wastes through the blood.
 The circulatory system can be considered as two smaller systems:
pulmonary-moves blood to the lungs and the systemic system-moves blood
to the rest of the body
Structures in the circulatory system function together.
 The human heart is divided into four chambers. It pumps oxygen-poor blood
from the right ventricle to the lungs. Oxygen-rich blood is pumped from the
left ventricle to the rest of the body. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich
blood from the lungs, and the right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from
the rest of the body. As blood travels to the
 Blood is a tissue made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets. Red blood cells carry oxygen to other cells of the body. White blood

cells help your body fight infection. Platelets help to form blood clots when a
blood vessel is injured. A scab that forms around a cut or scrape is made of
clotted blood.
Blood vessels include arteries, veins, and capillaries. Most arteries carry
blood away from the heart, and most veins carry blood towards the heart.
Exchanges of gases and other materials take place in capillaries.
Blood exerts pressure on blood vessels.
o Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts on the arteries, veins,
and capillaries. High or low pressure can cause serious medical
conditions.
o A sphygmomanometer is a device that measure blood pressure.
There are four different types of blood.
o A, B, AB, and O are determined by antigens and red blood cells.
o If you have A antigens then you have type A blood. If you have both A
and B antigens, then you have AB blood. If you do not have antigens,
then you have Type O blood.
Name _______________________
Use the words below to label the diagram of the human heart. One word will be
used twice.
Left ventricle
right ventricle
(Attachment 2)
left atrium
right atrium
septum
valve
aorta valves
adapted from Frank Schaffer
Publications, Inc