Download Zinc Solutions for Cotton

Zinc Solutions for Cotton
Zinc Solutions for Cotton
The Role of Zinc in the Plant
Zinc plays a key role in a wide range of
enzymes and proteins, controlling many
important biochemical pathways. These
are mainly concerned with;
••
••
••
••
••
••
Carbohydrate metabolism, both
in photosynthesis and in the
conversion of sugars to starch
Protein metabolism
Auxin (growth regulator) metabolism
Pollen formation
Maintenance of the integrity of
biological membranes
Resistance to infection by certain
pathogens.
Uptake, Movement & Removal
of Zinc
High yielding irrigated cotton crops
can take up about 260g Zn/ha. Of
this, 150g Zn/ha (13g Zn/bale) may
be removed in seed cotton and lint.
As seen in Figure 1, 70% of the zinc is
taken up during flowering. Zinc is able
to move from leaves and stems to the
lint, seed and boll walls with 60% being
removed in the seed.
Zinc is very immobile in the soil and
needs to be either mixed through the
root zone or sprayed onto the leaf to
supply plant available zinc. This can be
done through incorporation of surface
applied zinc, in-furrow injection or a
foliar spray.
© Yara
Figure 1.
The pattern of nutrient uptake during the growth of an irrigated cotton crop
that yielded 2250 kg lint/ha in Narrabri, Australia.
Fe
2500
Nutrient uptake (g/ha)
Zinc (Zn) is essential for the normal
growth and reproduction of cotton
plants. Cotton is a moderately
sensitive crop to zinc deficiency and
when the supply of zinc to the plant is
inadequate, crop yields are significantly
reduced. Cotton is generally grown in
heavy clay soils with high pH, elevated
sodium and magnesium levels and low
initial zinc levels. Although, much zinc
has been applied to these fields, the
availability of this zinc may be reduced
due factors such as water logging and
elemental tie-up.
Mn
B
2000
Zn
Cu
1500
1000
500
0
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
DAS
Figure 2. Cupping of Cotton leaf
High Risk Zinc Deficient Situations
High risk soils:
•• Calcareous
•• Salt affected
•• pH > 7
•• Fields that have been laser levelled
•• High phosphorus status or
applications
•• Low organic matter and low zinc
soil fertility
Environmental conditions:
•• Waterlogged soils and crop
•• Cool, wet periods that reduce root
growth
•• Crops affected by herbicides which
reduce/ prune root growth
Figure 3. Cotton growth stunted from Zinc deficiency
Zinc Deficiency Symptoms
Figures 2, 3 and 4 illustrate zinc
deficiency in cotton. The leaves can
show yellowing between the leaf veins,
leaves can appear bronzed and often
are cupped. Zinc deficient plants are
often shorter than unaffected plants,
indicating that growth has been
suppressed. Crops may grow out of
zinc deficiency, especially when cotton
is grown after long fallows, but yield,
maturity and fibre quality may be
affected.
Figure 4.Leaf cupping and bronzing from Zinc
deficiency
Critical Zinc Concentrations in
the Soil and Plant
The critical value for Soil DTPA
Extraction (0-30 soil sample) is <0.5
mg/Kg. Addition of zinc to cotton crops
grown in these soils may reduce the
likelihood of deficiency.
In the leaf, the adequate concentration
range is between 20-60 mg Zn/kg in
youngest mature leaf at first flower.
Zinc concentrations below 20 mg/kg
in leaves indicate the crop may not be
taking up sufficient quantities of zinc.
This will vary over the life of the crop
as zinc leaf concentration reduces with
increasing crop age.
Yara Zinc Solutions
Yara have a comprehensive range of
zinc fertilisers that can be applied to
either build soil zinc levels, maintain
adequate plant zinc levels or alleviate
cotton deficincy symptoms. There is an
appropriate Yara product for both soil
and foliar applications.
Soil Applied - Preplant or planting
Yara Liquids KEYPRO ZINC is an
EDTA chelated form of zinc which is
idea for soil application. It is many
times more efficient than other forms at
supplying plant available zinc from soil
applications. It is generally applied in
furrow at planting time.
Yara Liquids Zn-SUL is sulphate
based and can be applied by surface
broadcast, with incorporation into the
seed bed to build soil zinc levels. It can
also be used as a in-furrow injection at
planting.
In-crop Foliar – Broadcast or Banded
(Boomspray or Inter-row cultivation).
Yara Liquids P-FOL Zinc is a zinc
phosphate fertiliser that can be applied
as a band or broadcast to correct zinc
and or phosphorus deficiency. P-FOL
Zinc can be applied from 4 nodes and
above and works well with applications
during interrow cultivation operations.
YaraVita GLYTREL ZnP contains
complexed zinc and phosphorus and can
be applied with Glyphosate to Roundup
Ready cotton with no reduction in
weed control. GLYTREL ZnP is easy to
handle, safe on the crop and is a fully
formulated product containing wetters
and stickers to enhance leaf uptake of
zinc. It can be applied from 4 nodes to
early flowering, which generally fits with
application timing for weed control.
YaraVita ZINTRAC is a highly
loaded, fully formulated suspension
concentrate, which allows low
application rates, reduces handling and
is designed for safe foliar applications.
It contains it’s own wetters and
stickers to ensure optimum zinc uptake
through the leaf. Foliar applications can
commence as broadcast spray or as a
band to 4 node cotton and above.
Product
YaraVita GLYTREL ZnP
Application Tips for Applying Foliar
Fertilisers:
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Try to achieve maximum droplet
survival onto the crop canopy
through appropriate nozzle selection.
Ensure the plant is not under water
stress to enable uptake of fertiliser
from spray droplets.
Aim at the highest possible humidity
on the day of application, to allow
slow evaporation from the spray
droplet to maximise leaf uptake.
For application guidelines, contact your
local sales agronomist.
Phosphorus
Zinc
4.4% w/v
10.0% w/v
YaraVita ZINTRAC
Yara Liquids P-FOL ZINC
70.0% w/v
18.0% w/v
14.0% w/v
Yara Liquids KEYPRO ZINC
9.0% w/v
Yara Liquids Zn-SUL
16.0% w.v
References
Nutritional requirements of cotton
during flowering and fruiting:
Rochester, Constable, Oosterhius,
Errington
Zinc copper, manganese and
boron uptake by cotton on cracking
clay soils on high pH; Constable,
Rochester, Cook
Zinc in soils and crop nutrition;
Alloway
Nutrilogic CDRC
International plant nutrition
institute
© Yara
Irrigated Cotton Crop Program
Pre-Plant
Planting
Approximate
Day Degrees
Yara Liquids
Zn-SUL
Yara Liquids
FLOWPHOS 13Z
Emergence
1st Squares
1st Squares
1st Flowers
1st Flower
Peak Flower
Peak Flower
Bolls Open
70 - 540
540 - 840
840 -1300
1300 - 1600
Apply
20-60 L/ha and
incorporate into
soil
Apply
100-200L/ha
Apply
30-40 L/ha
in-furrow
Yara Liquids
Apply a band spray 3-5 L/ha
P-FOL Zinc
YaraVita™
Apply 300mL-1 L/ha
ZINTRAC
YaraVita™
Apply 2-3 L/ha as required with
Glyphosate
GLYTREL ZnP
Yara Liquids
Apply 1-2 applications of 10 L/ha
K-FLOW 0-14-30
Apply 2-3 applications of
30 L/ha, starting 7-10 days after
first flower
Yara Liquids
K-FLOW 4-0-12
Yara Liquids
N26
Apply
400-500L/ha
in pre-irrigation
Yara Liquids
Apply 500-600 L/ha in multiple applications
Apply 30-40 L/ha as required
N-FOL 24+TE
While Yara Australia has taken all reasonable care in the preparation of this document, the information is a guide only. It is advised that potential users read the products Safety Data
Sheet prior to using the product, which is available on request from Yara Australia. There are no warranties, express or implied by operation of law or otherwise, including but not limited to
any warranty as to merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose.
1800 684 266
Yara_Australia
[email protected]
www
www.yara.com.au