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Rosids III Fagales Brassicaceae Rutaceae Anacardiaceae Aceraceae Fagaceae • Oaks • Many tree species throughout N. America • TREES with SINGLE NUTS ATTACHED TO SPINY OR SCALY CAPS • One species in Colorado, Quercus gambelii Fagaceae Fagaceae Quercus fruits = nuts = acorns Quercus leaf Quercus gambelii – Gambel Oak Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) — Mustard family • FOUR MEROUS (old name cruciferae, like a cross) • HERBS, rarely shrubs • Tetradynamous stamens = 4 stamen, 2 long, 2 short • Gynoecium with a superior, 2- carpellate/loculate ovary, with axile-parietal placentation and a usually 2-valved, dehiscent fruit with a replum (silique or silicle). • 365 genera / 3250 species Brassicaceae Brassicaceae Glucosinolates - major plant secondary products in the Brassicaceae and close relatives. - deter herbivory and parasitism - flavoring agents in the commercially important members of the Brassicaceae, such brocolli, cauliflower, and mustard. Brassicaceae • Broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, collards, kale (all cultivars of Brassica oleracea) • Rutabaga and canola oil (B. napus), mustard (B. nigra), turnip (B. rapa) • Arabidopsis thalliana is noted as a model for detailed molecular studies. Brassica nigra Cakile maritima Cardamine californicum Raphanus sativus Thysanocarpus laciniatus Malvaceae • • • • The Mallow Family Monadelphous stamen Mucilaginous plants Often with stellate trichomes Malvaceae – Economic importance Gossypium spp. (cotton, the world’s most important fiber plant) and Ceiba pentandra (kapok), in both of which the seed trichomes are utilized, and Corchorus spp. (jute), a bast fiber plant and source of burlap; Theobroma cacao (cacao, the source of chocolate), Cola nitida (cola), Abelmoschus (okra), and Durio zibethinus (durian) Ochroma pyramidale (balsa) and Pachira aquatica; Brachychiton, Chorisia (floss-silk tree), Dombeya, Fremontodendron, Hibiscus (mallows), and Tilia (linden tree). Many others, such as Adansonia digitata (baobab, tropical Africa) are of great local economic or ecological importance. Gossypium cotton Hibiscus sp. Kosteletskia virginica Chorisia speciosa Theobroma cacao – the source of chocolate Anacardiaceae • Cashew or sumac family • SHRUBS W/ 3-LOBED OR PINNATE LEAVES • 1-SEEDED RED OR WHITE BERRIES • Poison Ivy and Poison Oak are in this family • Important shrub ecologically, Rhus trilobata Toxicodendron rydbergii Toxicodendron rydbergii Toxicodendron rydbergii Rhus trilobata Rhus trilobata Anacardiaceae Mango Mangifera indica Anacardium occidentale; Cashew Anacardium occidentale; Cashew Aceraceae • Maple Family • TREES WITH OPPOSITE LEAVES AND WINGED SEENDS IN PAIRS • Acer glabrum and Acer negundo (Box elder) Aceraceae Aceraceae insect and wind pollinated Acer negundo – Box elder Acer glabrum – Mountain Maple Acer saccharum • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMLcjYzENU&feature=related • Maple syrup is the boiled down xylem (commonly called sap) that the tree is sending up from the roots to the leaves to get the leaves started in the spring • It’s about the only time the xylem is rich in sugars
