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Chapter 7, Section 2: The Roman Empire
Vocabulary
province a unit of an empire or a country; area of the Roman Empire ruled by a
governor, who was supported by an army
colosseum a large amphitheater built in Rome ~70 A.D.; site of combats between
people and animals
aqueduct a structure that carries water over long distances
Key Idea: During the rule of Augustus, a period of peace and stability began.
 “Pax Romana” means the time of Roman peace.
 Roman control continued to expand and covered areas from Britain to Egypt.
 Augustus was a smart and respected leader.
 He showed respect for the senate and did not act like a king.
Key Idea: The Roman empire was divided into smaller provinces.
 Each province had its own government and army.
 Provinces supported the larger empire by providing natural resources, buying
Roman goods, and paying taxes.
Key Idea: The Romans allowed most conquered people to remain free.
 People could follow their own religions.
 Local rulers ran the daily affairs of government, but were watched over by Roman
governors.
 Many conquered people adopted Roman traits, such as language and religion.
Key Idea: Good, bad, and terrible emperors ruled after the death of Augustus.
Hadrian is an example of a good
Commodus is an example of a bad ruler.
emperor.
 Was a cruel and brutal ruler
 Made laws uniform across the
 Ended the Pax Romana (time of
empire
peace)
 Reorganized the army
 Encouraged learning
Key Idea: Greek culture influenced the development of Rome.
 Religion
 Valued learning
o Polytheistic
 Adopted and built upon Greek
o Similar gods to Greek Gods
architecture and engineering
Chapter 7, Section 2: The Roman Empire
Key Ideas: Romans developed their own style of architecture and technology.
Architecture
Roads- “All roads lead to Rome.”
 Used arches to build larger and
 Great road system that supported
stronger structures
trade
Aqueducts
 Used bricks covered with marble
carried water over long distances
 They created concrete, which was as
hard as rock.
Colosseum
one of the greatest Roman buildings
held contests between people and
animals for sport
Key Idea: Roman Laws spread across the empire, and they continue to influence
our laws today.
Justinian created a famous code of
Other Roman laws also influenced our
justice.
laws.
 Accusers must provide proof against the
 People have the right to face the
other party.
accuser.
 Age and inexperience must be
 Innocent until proven guilty.
considered when inflicting penalties.