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Chapter 26 – Pakistan and Bangladesh Physical Geography of Pakistan and Bangladesh A. Pakistan and Bangladesh have few ______________ similarities 1. The western Himalayas and ___________ __________ mountains extend across northern Pakistan a. ______________ __________ is the only route through the Hindu Kush b. For centuries, invading ___________ have used the pass to gain access to the region c. K2, in the Karakorum Range, 2nd tallest mountain in the world (28, 250 feet) d. Pakistan has a long history of deadly __________________ 2. Bangladesh is __________ and _________; high point about 30 feet above sea level a. Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers form the ___________ _________ – largest in the world b. ___________: an alluvial deposit at a river's mouth that is roughly triangular c. ___________ ___________ is a major source of water for Pakistan B. Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra originate in the __________________ 1. Annual ______________ deposits fertile alluvial soil on their floodplains a. __________________: low-lying land along a river, formed mainly by sediment that has been deposited by floodwaters b. People rely on the rivers for farming, __________________, and power 2. Coastal areas vulnerable to flooding during heavy _______________ 3. Cyclones and ______________ are a hazard in Bangladesh a. ___________ ___________: an abnormal rise in the level of the sea along a coast caused by the onshore winds of a cyclone C. Like India, Pakistan and Bangladesh rely on the _______________ rains 1. Most of Bangladesh has a ______________ ________ climate; extensive wetlands 2. ________________ climate in mountains of northern Pakistan; most of the country arid or semiarid 3. Neither country has abundant ______________ resources 4. Bangladesh has ______________ and ______________ wood McGraw-Hill (2015) 1 Human Geography of Pakistan and Bangladesh A. ______________ civilization practiced agriculture 7000 BC in western Pakistan 1. Indus Valley Civilization (2500 BC) developed a ______________ system and built walled cities with indoor plumbing and sewer systems 2. Aryan, ______________, Gupta, and Mughal empires ruled modern-day Pakistan and Bangladesh 3. Both regions were part of ___________ during the British raj; ended in 1947 a. ______________ (division): Pakistan separated from India b. ___________ Pakistan and ___________ Pakistan – one country 4. India and Pakistan fought the first war over ______________ 1947-1948 a. Ongoing tension between Pakistan and India is seen as risk of ______________ war b. ___________ also claims part of Kashmir – ongoing border disputes with India in several places 5. Pakistan is a ____________________ republic a. Instability and ______________ rule have been problems 6. People of East Pakistan ________________ different from those in West Pakistan a. 1970-71 war for independence – India sided with __________________ b. Political and ___________ rivalries make stable rule difficult B. Pakistan and Bangladesh have rapidly ______________ populations 1. Despite rapid urbanization, most of the population still lives in __________ ___________ 2. ___________ _____________ _________: the average number of children a woman has in her lifetime a. Bangladesh most ______________ populated country in South Asia 3. Most people in Pakistan and Bangladesh are ______________ 4. ___________ is the official language in Pakistan a. Each of the _________ main ethnic groups has its own language as well b. Bangladesh is predominantly ______________; most people speak Bangla 5. Literacy rates in both countries are _________ 6. Lack of ___________ ___________ major problem a. Tuberculosis and ______________ are problems in both countries McGraw-Hill (2015) 2 7. Extended ______________ usually live close, sometimes in the same house 8. Arranged ________________ are common; increasing numbers of educated people choose their own partners D. __________________ farming is large part of the economy in both countries 1. _________ ___________ such as rice, cotton, and sugarcane are raised in the Indus Valley 2. In Bangladesh, most people are ____________________ a. ___________ is the principal food crop – wheat is also grown 3. Both countries have fishing industries and export _____________, lobster, and fish a. Bangladesh one of the world’s leading __________________-producing countries 4. __________________, while still vital, now accounts for only about 20% of GDP 5. Industry is growing; ______________ industries account for over 50% of GDP 6. Growing ______________ industry in both countries – relies heavily on cottage industry a. ___________: a fiber used to make string, rope, and cloth 7. ____________________: small loans to poor entrepreneurs a. ______________________: people who start and build a business b. Program has raised standards of living, especially among ______________ 8. ________________ major form of transportation 9. Rural areas often lack ________________ and running water 10. Promoting ______________ development to improve the lives of citizens makes it Difficult for developing countries to protect the __________________ ADDITIONAL NOTES: McGraw-Hill (2015) 3