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Super powers Quiz!
EQ 1 Superpower Geographies
1. What is a superpower?
2. Main characteristics?
3. How many superpowers
were there by 2009?
4. What are emerging
superpowers?
5. What is BRIC?
6. How is power
maintained?
7. Difference between uni
/bi and multipolar
world?
Give egs
8. Why did GB become
superpower in 19th C?
9. Why did GB empire
decline and when?
10. What is GBs
Superpower legacy/
11. What is decolonialsim
12. Why multi polar world
developing?
13. Difference between
imperialist capitalist +
communist systems?
Country with disproportionate power + influence at global scale in :
 Economic
 Political
 cultural
 military
Usually large-population /physical extent
Physical sizeresource base
Have global influence
Only 1 at present-USA- a hyperpower!
Growing influence eg
 China- economic not cultural
 EU-power but 27 states= compromise
Following growing too: especially in energy power
 Re-emerging Russia
 India
 Brazil- now 2016 Olympic host!
 Persian Gulf States
Regional powers :economic+ political role in region/continent
eg S Africa + Japan
Brazil, Russia, India, China
 Hard(overt ) mechanisms eg military might USA, nato,
 Soft eg culture + ideology, use of media especially film, tv, global brands
 Mixture= aid + trade
Uni= 1 superpower dominates eg 1990- now USA – will remain single most powerful
country but weakened by China especially.
Bi= 2 opposing superpowers eg 1945-90 USSR + USA
Multi= 3 or more eg during 1918-45( GB USA USSR Nazi Germany) and 2009 plus (USA
China EU)
25% land area at one time! Colonialism + trade under Victorian rule
Exploration + sea power 1700-1930s!
Post WW11 , ceased by 1970.
 Independence demanded by colonies
 War bankrupted GB , couldn’t afford to run empire
 Need to focus funds on rebuilding UK rather than colonies
Still = 14 overseas territories eg Falklands
Commonwealth = 53 independent states former colonies. 2.1billion population!!! A
type of superpower?
Split by colonies from mother country- GB
 Energy resources-oil + gas Russia, Gulf states( Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia,
UAE)
 Alliances- EU 1957 6 countries—2009 =271. GDP higher than USA
 Economic power-China phenomenal growth= 4th largest economy,
manufacturing workshop to the world
 Demographic weight: China + India= >15% population—huge market potential
 Nuclear weapons- ultimate threat! USA Russia, China, UK France = Treaty on
Non Proliferation of Nuclear weapons
 Non signatories: Pakistan India Israel N Korea
 Imperialist- 1 country dominates culture politics economy no democracy in
colonies- GB and commonwealth
 Capitalist- democratic division between owners and workers

14. What was the Cold war
and why important?
15. Why did USSR
superpower collapse?
16. What is cultural
hegemony?
17. What are the 2 main
types of theory on
explaining superpower
existence?
18. Why use theories?
19. Why are India and China
developing differently?
EQ 2 Role of Superpowers?
EQ3 Super power futures?
Communism no private ownership, common ownership of production, not
democracy. Marx –bourgeosie exploit proletariats
 1945-90 USA v., USSR huge political/economic some cultural conflicts
 USA capitalist, free market economy, sought to contain USSR influence.
Popular culture, no media censorship
 USSR Socialist, dictatorship tight censorship created strong core by
invading/allying with neighbouring countries–Warsaw Pact. High culture.
 Flashpoints eg Korean + Vietnam wars. Berlin blockade, Cuban missile crisis,
USSR into Afghanistan 1980.
 1990s USSR broke up into constituent republics. USA = only super power left
 4mths – almost overnight collapse eg fall Berlin Wall 1989. 1990 Communist
Party gave up:
 Reforms in USSR began 1985 by Gorbachev –glasnost ( eg freedom speech) +
perestroika( economic liberalisms eg private ownership small businesses) led
to open revolt in Warsaw Pact countries against communist authority
 Speed of collapse suggests force not consent in play in old USSR!
 Maintain power without direct force- via culture
 Values of those in power accepted by people.
 Power by Consent- way things are....
 From Gramsci Italian Marxist philosopher
 USA cultural hegemony largely unchallenged. Brands- coca Cola,
IBM,Microsoft, McDonalds, Disney,Google......
 Liberal economic development=emphasis creation of wealth +power.
Capitalism essential- Rostow 1960 +Asian World Bank 1993
 Marxist/ Structuralist = some counties maintain wealth/power at expense of
others-capitalism promotes inequalities – 1967 Frank dependency Theory +
Wallerstein World Systems theory 1974
Useful structure
Point of comparison
China communist =huge investment infrastructure and can attract FDI
India democracy – basic infrastructure poor: power shortages, poor transport
Both:
 shunned world trade until 1990s
 invested in home grown technology- cars, space, nuclear weapons,
pharmaceuticals
 opened up to FDI and Free Trade in special economic zones AFTER certain
economic development achieved
 Neither allied to Cold War