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Name ___________________________________________________________ Hour _____________ ATOM BOOK ASSIGNMENT p. 134 1. There are ___________ naturally occurring elements plus another _______ that have been created in a laboratory. Atomic Theory: (p. 135-136) 2. _____________________________ was a Greek philosopher who proposed the idea that you must reach a smallest indivisible part of a substance. He named it an “atom”. 3. In 1808 ________________________ came up with the first MODERN ATOMIC THEORY which had 4 parts: a. All elements are made of indivisible particles called ____________________ b. All atoms of the same element are ______________ but are different from other elements. c. Reactions ____________________ atoms but do not create or destroy them. d. _______________________ are made from combining atoms in whole number ratios 4. In 1897 J. J. Thomson discovered the negatively charged ____________________ while experimenting with cathode rays. 5. In 1910, Ernest Rutherford carried out the gold foil experiment in which he determined that atoms have nearly all their mass concentrated in a very tiny, very dense, ____________________________ charged nucleus. The inside of an atom: (p. 137-141) 6. Which particles are found in the nucleus? 7. Most of an atom’s mass is concentrated in the ______________________8. In the carbon atom __________% of the mass is from the nucleus. 9. What is the atomic number equal to? ______________________________________________ 10. What is an isotope? 11. The mass number is equal to the _________________ + the _____________________ 12. The average atomic mass is a decimal because of a mixture of ____________________ 13. Because an electron is much lighter than a proton or neutron, is it also much __________ and has a wider range than just the nucleus. 14. The size of an atom is really the size of its ____________________ cloud. 15. Besides mass, virtually every property of atoms is determined by electrons, including __________________ and chemical _________________________. 16. The charge on the electron and the proton are exactly __________________ and ________________________ so the charge on a complete atom is always _________. Name ___________________________________________________________ Hour _____________ Use p. 135-136 to describe the following scientific experiments: Include what happened and what was discovered about the atom. 1. J. J. Thomson’s cathode ray: 2. Ernest Rutherford’s Gold Foil experiment: Read through John Dalton’s 4 ideas on p. 125 and use what you know about an atom to determine which 2 are incorrect. #1 is correct / incorrect because: #2 is correct / incorrect because: #3 is correct / incorrect because: #4 is correct / incorrect because: