Download Chemistry 210, Physical Chemistry II

Chemistry 210
Dr. Susan B. Piepho
January 14, 2002
Chemistry 210, Physical Chemistry II
Daily Schedule, Spring 2002
Readings, Exercises, and Problems are from Physical Chemistry, Sixth Edition, by Peter W. Atkins. The numbers of Exercises and
Problems are italicized if no solution is provided in the Solutions Manual. Detailed solutions to all Handout Problems, and to
Exercises and Problems marked with an asterisk (*) should be handed on the dates indicated.
Tuesday
Thursday
1/15
Read: Chapter 0, pp. 1-9 (Introduction:
orientation and background – this is mainly
review); Chapter 1, pp. 13-31 (perfect gas,
Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Avogadro’s
principle, perfect gas equation, Dalton’s law,
the kinetic theory of gases, real gases, the
compression factor Z).
1/22
Hand In: Chapter 1, Problem #1.28.
Read: Chapter 2, pp. 45-55 (Open and
closed systems, surroundings, work, energy,
heat, internal energy U, state function, First
Law of Thermodynamics, adiabatic change,
work of reversible and irreversible
expansion).
Exercises: 2.2(a), 2.6(a), 2.9(a);
Problems: 2.5 (Answer: (a) w = - 0.27 kJ;
(b) w = - 0.94 kJ).
Derivation Worksheet (handout), Part I
1/29
Read: Chapter 2, pp. 62-65 (Relation
between CV and Cp, work of adiabatic
expansion, perfect gas adiabatic equations).
Exercises: 2.20(a), 2.21(a), 2.24(a), 2.25(a).
1/17
Read: Chapter 1, pp. 31-39 (Virial
coefficients, virial equation of state, Boyle
temperature, critical constants, van der
Waals equation, principle of corresponding
states). Exercises: 1.3(a), 1.5(a), 1.6(b)†,
1.9(a); Problems: 1.2, 1.4, 1.7.
†Answer: 2.67 x 103 kg
1/24
Read: Chapter 2, pp. 55-62 (Calorimetry,
heat capacity, enthalpy H, calculation of H,
variation of H with T).
Exercises: 2.4(a), 2.5(a), 2.19(a);
Problems: 2.4†.
†Notes on Problem 2.4: Solution manual
assumes this is a reversible cycle. Where?
What are U and H for any cycle? Why?
1/31
Read: Chapter 2, pp. 65-74
(Thermochemistry, standard enthalpy
changes, stoichiometric numbers, Hess’s
law, Born-Haber cycle, enthalpy of
formation, Kirchhoff’s law).
Problems: 2.2, 2.11, 2.12, 2.13*, 2.14.
Friday
1/18
Exercises: 1.28(a);
Problems: 1.27, 1.28*.
Catch-up on Chapter 1; discussion of
problems.
1/25
Quiz #1: Chapters 0 and 1.
2/1
Chapter 2 Exercises: 2.10(a), 2.26(a),
2.30(a), 2.32(a), 2.36(a), 2.44(b) †, 2.45(a)
(add RT to ionization energy terms and - 2
RT to electron gain term).
†Answer: At 298K, Ho = -175 kJ mol-1
and Uo = -173 kJ mol-1; at 348 K, Ho =
-176 kJ mol-1.
2/5
2/7
2/8
Hand In: Problems #2.13; Derivation
Read: Chapter 3, pp. 84-92 (Joule
Quiz #2: Chapter 2 (Reading through pg
Worksheet (handout), Part I.
experiment, dH expression, Joule-Thomson 65; problems through Th 1/31
Read: Further Information 1, pp. 905-906; effect, Joule-Thomson coefficient , relation assignment).
Chapter 3, pp. 81-84 (State and path
between CV and Cp.).
functions, exact and inexact differentials, dU Exercises: 3.7(a), 3.9(a), 3.10(a);
expression).
Problems: 3.7, 3.21.
Exercises: 3.1(a), 3.2(a), 3.4(a), 3.5(a).
2/12
2/14
2/15
Catch-up on Chapter 3 problems.
Read: Chapter 4, pp. 106-110 (Calculation
of entropy changes for representative
Hour Test I
Read: Chapter 4, pp. 97-105 (Second law of processes, Trouton’s rule, variation of
This will be on Chapters 0, 1, and 2.
thermodynamics, entropy: thermodynamic entropy with temperature, measurement of
and molecular interpretations, Entropy as a entropy).
state function, Carnot cycle, efficiency of an Exercises: 4.8(a), 4.9(a), 4.11(a), 4.14(a),
engine, Clausius inequality).
4.20(a), 4.21(a), 4.21(b)*.
Problems: 4.12*.
Page 1 of 3
Chemistry 210
Dr. Susan B. Piepho
Tuesday
2/19
Catch-up on Chapter 4 problems.
2/26
Hand In: Exercises #4.21(b); Problem
#4.12.
Derivation Worksheet (handout), Part II.
Catch-up on Chapter 4 problems.
3/5
January 14, 2002
Thursday
2/21
Read: Chapter 4, pp. 110-113 (Third law of
thermodynamics, third-law entropies,
adiabatic demagnetization, efficiencies of
heat engines, refrigerators, and heat pumps,
work to maintain low temperatures).
Exercises: 4.23(a).
Problem: 4.15.
2/28
Read: Chapter 4, pp. 113-119 (Helmholtz
and Gibbs free energies, dA and dG
conditions for spontaneous change, A and
maximum work).
Exercises: 4.15(a), 4.16(a), 4.17(a).
Problem: 4.11.
3/7
Friday
2/22
Quiz #3. Chapter 3.
3/1
Catch-up on Chapter 4.
3/8
Spring Break
3/12
Read: Chapter 5, pp. 125-132 (Combining
the First and Second Laws, Maxwell
relations, properties of the Gibbs energy G,
the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation for
dependence of G on T, dependence of G on
p).
3/14
3/15
Exercises: 5.2(a), 5.5(a)
Quiz #4. Chapter 4.
Problems: 5.1, 5.2, 5.6, 5.10—part (a) only,
5.19, 5.20.
3/19
Hand In: Derivation Worksheet (handout),
Part II.
Read: Chapter 5, pp. 132-136 (Chemical
potential  of a pure substance and of a
mixture, real gases and fugacity f, standard
state of a real gas, fugacity coefficient ).
Exercises: 5.6(a).
3/21
Catch-up on Chapter 5 problems as needed.
3/26
Read: Chapter 6, pp. 152-159 (First and
second-order phase transitions, surface
tension; bubbles, cavities and droplets;
capillary action).
Exercises: 6.1(a), 6.3(a), 6.7(a), 6.7(b),
6.8(b).
Problems: 6.3, 6.8.
4/2
Catch-up on Chapter 7 problems.
3/22
Hour Test II
Read: Chapter 6, pp. 141-152 (Phase
diagrams, phase boundaries, triple point,
phase stability, temperature and pressure
dependence of phase stability for a pure
substance, derivation of equations for phase
boundary lines, Clapeyron and ClausiusClapeyron equations).
3/28
Read: Chapter 7, pp. 163-176
(Thermodynamics of mixtures, partial molar
quantities, chemical potential = partial
molar Gibbs energy, calculation of ∆G, ∆S,
and ∆H for mixing of gases, ideal solutions
and Raoult’s law, ideal dilute solutions and
Henry’s law).
Exercises: 7.9(a), 7.10(b), 7.12(a), 7.13(a),
7.18(a).
4/4
Read: Chapter 8, pp. 191-201. (Phase rule,
one component systems, two component
liquid-vapor systems: p vs xB and T vs xB
diagrams, isopleth, tie line, lever law,
distillation, azeotropes).
Exercises: 8.1(a), 8.3(a), 8.5(a), 8.16(a).
Page 2 of 3
This will be on Chapters 3 and 4, and on
Chapter 5 as announced in class.
3/29
Read: Chapter 7, pp. 176-186 (Properties
of solutions, colligative properties: vapor
pressure lowering, boiling point elevation,
freezing point depression, and osmotic
pressure; activities and activity
coefficients).
Exercises: 7.6(a), 7.7(a), 7.8(a), 7.14(a),
7.16(a), 7.19(a).
4/5
Quiz #5. This will cover the parts of
Chapter 5 which were not on Hour Test II,
Chapter 6, and Chapter 7 through the Th
3/28 assignments.
Chemistry 210
Dr. Susan B. Piepho
Tuesday
4/9
Read: Chapter 8, pp. 201-208. (Liquidliquid phase diagrams, immiscible liquids,
liquid-solid phase diagrams, eutectics,
reacting systems, three-component systems).
Exercises: 8.9(a), 8.9(b)—part (b) only,
8.11(a).
Problem: 8.8*.
4/16
Hand In: Problem 8.8.
Read: Chapter 9, pp. 215-227. (Reaction
Gibbs energy, exergonic and endergonic
reactions, thermodynamic equilibrium
constant, response of equilibria to change of
ptotal and to a change in T, van’t Hoff
equation).
4/23
Exercises: 9.8(a), 9.15(a).
January 14, 2002
Thursday
4/11
Catch-up on Chapter 8 problems.
Friday
4/12
Quiz #6. Chapter 7 (parts not on Quiz #5)
and Chapter 8 as announced in class.
4/18
Read: Chapter 9, pp. 227-238. (Applications
to selected systems: extraction of metals
from their oxides, Ellingham diagram, acids
and bases, pH calculations, HendersonHasselbalch equation, buffers and indicators,
thermodynamics of ATP, anaerobic and
aerobic metabolism).
Exercises: 9.2(a), 9.3(a), 9.4(a).
4/25
Catch-up on Chapter 9 problems. Questions
in preparation for final exam.
Page 3 of 3
4/19
Hour Test III
This will be on the parts of Chapter 5 not
on Hour Test II, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, and
Chapter 8.
4/26
Reading Day