Download Chapter 4 Lesson 5 Physical Activity Injuries

Chapter 4 Lesson 5
Physical Activity Injuries
 Objectives
 Identify weather-related risks associated with various physical
activities.
 Analyze strategies for preventing and responding to accidental
injuries related to physical activity.
 Identify physical activity injuries requiring professional health
services for people of all ages.
Weather Related Risks
 Temperatures can be extremely
high or extremely low.
 Factors like wind, humidity, and
air pollution can increase your
risk of injury.
 Also pay attention for weather
warning for tornados,
thunderstorms, or blizzards.
Hot Weather Risks
 Heat Cramps – muscle spasms that
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result from a loss of large amounts of
salt and water through perspiration.
Heatstroke – a condition in which
the body loses the ability to rid itself
of excess heat through perspiration.
This causes Hyperthermia – a
sudden increase in body temperature.
Overexertion – over working the
body. This is related to hot weather
problems.
Example is heat exhaustion, cold
clammy skin, dizziness, headache,
shortness of breathe.
Cold Weather Risks
 Frostbite - a condition that results
when body tissue becomes frozen.
 Early signs called frost nip, this is
when skin becomes white.
 Hypothermia – a condition in which
the body temperature becomes
dangerously low.
 The brain can not function and the
body systems begin to shut down.
Cold Weather Risks, Protection
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Dress in 3 layers
Pull moisture away from body.
Provide insulation.
To keep wind out.
70% of the body’s heat is lost
through the head.
During cold weather activities start
slow and be sure to warm up your
muscles.
It is just as important to stay
hydrated in cold weather as warm
weather.
Protecting yourself from the Sun
 Sunburn – is the burning of
the outer layers of the skin.
 Prolonged exposure to the sun
can speed up the skins aging
process and increase the risk of
developing skin cancer.
 The most dangerous hours for
UV exposure are from 10:00
am to 4:00 pm.
Protecting yourself from the Sun
 Cover as must as your body as
possible when outside and wear
broad-brimmed hats.
 Use sunscreen and lip balm of at
least 15 SPF.
 Apply sunscreen 30 minutes
before going outside and every
2 hours that you are in the sun.
 Also put sunscreen on again
after swimming.
Minor Injuries
 Muscle Cramp – is a spasm or
sudden tightening of a muscle.
 Strain – a condition resulting
from damaging a muscle or
tendon.
 Sprain – is a injury to the
ligament surrounding a joint.
Treatment for Minor Injuries
 R.I.C.E.
 Rest - avoid using the affected joint.
 Ice – this helps to reduce swelling. Ice
for 20 minutes then remove for 20
minutes.
 Compression – light pressure through
the use of an elastic bandage can help
to reduce swelling.
 Elevation – Raise the affect limb above
the level of the heart to reduce pain
and swelling.
Major Injuries
 Fracture and Dislocations –
fractures are any break in a bone.
Fractures require immobilization to
heal. Dislocations are when a bone is
forced from it normal position in a
joint.
 Tendonitis – condition in which the
tendons are stretched and torn from
overuse.
 Concussion – is a result from a blow
to the head and can cause swelling of
the brain, resulting in unconsciousness
or even death.
Lesson 5 Review Questions
What is hypothermia? With which types of weather is this
condition often associated?
2. Analyze and describe strategies for preventing muscle
soreness after a workout.
3. Identify which injuries described in this lesson require the
attention of professional health services.
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