Download Circulatory System - 10 Sports Performance

Respiratory System
Functions
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Breathes air in from the environment
Transfers oxygen into the blood
Removes carbon-dioxide from the
blood
Returns air back to the environment
Creates speech as air is breathed
out over voice box (larynx)
Mechanics of Breathing
Mechanics of Breathing
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(contin….)
Inspiration
- the diaphragm muscle contracts &
flattens
- the intercostals raise the thorax &
sternum out
- the chest cavity is enlarged &
pressure reduced
- air is drawn in
Mechanics of Breathing
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(contin….)
Expiration
- diaphragm relaxes & forms a dome
shape
- the chest cavity is reduced
- the pressure is increased
- air is forced out.
Control of Breathing
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The respiratory
centre in the brain
senses the level of
carbon-dioxide in
the blood and
signals the body to
breath out (get rid of
carbon-dioxide) and
to breathe in as
oxygen is needed.
Oxygen Transfer
NASIAL CAVITY into the pharynx then the larynx
TRACHEA
BRONCHI
BRONCHIOLES
ALVEOLI through gases exchange into the capillaries
MUSCLES
EXPIRATION
Handout
Respiratory Responses to
Training
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Size of the left ventricle
increases
Number of blood vessels
increases
Blood volume increases
Haemoglobin and oxygen
carrying capacity increases
Resting rate increases
Respiratory Responses to
Training (contin…)
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Stroke volume increases
Cardiac output increases
Risk of high blood pressure
increases
Efficiency of breathing
mechanics increases
VO2 max increases
Lung Volume Terms
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Vital Capacity:
the maximal amount of air that can be
breathed out after a maximal inspiration
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Tidal Volume:
the amount breathed in and out with
each breath
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Inspiratory Reserve Volume:
the amount that can be breathed in on
top of a normal inspiration
Lung Volume Terms (contin…)
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Expiratory Reserve Volume:
the maximal amount that can be
breathed out after normal inspiration
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Residual Volume:
the amount left in the lungs after
maximal forced expiration
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Total Lung Capacity:
residual volume plus Vital Capacity
Lung Volume Terms (contin…)
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Maximal Oxygen Uptake (MVO2):
Is the maximal amount of oxygen
used by the body in one minute
and is a measure of a person’s
aerobic capacity or ability to
perform well in aerobic activities.