Download Oral Anti-diabetic Drugs

The Guide to
Oral Anti-diabetic Drugs
Categories and effects:
Oral Anti-diabetic
Five kinds of oral anti-diabetic drugs are recommended for:
medicines
are
not
available in Kaohsiung Medical University
Hospital (KMUH):
1. People with Type 1 Diabetes.
1. Sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas to 2. Women who have had diabetes during pregnancy
release insulin. Available medications include
and breast feeding.
Amaryl, Glidiab, Diamicron-MR, and Gliben. 3. Patients who underwent major surgery.
2. Meglitinides stimulate the pancreas to release 4. People who are in massive pressure such as severe
insulin. Available medications include that
injury or infection.
NovoNorm and Starlix.
5. People who have allergy history of oral Side effects:
1. Sulfonylureas: The primary side effect is
3. Biguanides such as Glucophage reduce
anti-diabetic drugs.
hypoglycemia and usually minor skin
gluconeogenesis in the liver.
6. People who have obvious heart failure or liver/renal
allergy.
4. Thiazolidinediones such as Actos improve
function impairment.
insulin resistance.
5. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as
Glucobay decrease glucose absorption from
small intestine.
2. Meglitinides: The primary side effect is
hypoglycemia and minor symptoms are
skin rash or itching; gastro-intestinal
upset.
3. Thiazolidinediones: The medication may
cause fluid retention, edema or weight
gain.
4. Biguanides: The vexing side effect is lactic
acidosis, especially using for those who
were comorbid with obvious heart failure
or liver/renal function impairment. The
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minor side effects are nausea, diarrhea and
gastro-intestinal upset.
5. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: The main
serious side effect is liver function
impairment and the less annoying side effects
are flatulence or diarrhea.
Cautions:
1. Do not change your dosage or stop using your
If the patient is unconscious and hypoglycemic,
medicine without discussion with your doctor.
please do not try to force the patient to eat. This may
Otherwise, the change of dosage may lead to
lead to suffocation. You must send this patient to
high blood glucose level.
hospital immediately.
2. If certain kinds of Sulfonylureas such as 4. If any drastic or uncomfortable feeling occurs after
Gliben, Glidiab are taken, the patient should
have some food within 30 minutes.
3. Do not titrate dosage of Sulfonylureas and
Meglitinides by yourself, for these two types
of the medicines may cause hypoglycemia.
The hypoglycemia is more likely to occur if
you have your meal irregularly.
4. You might have symptoms, such as weakness,
fatigue, dizziness, cold sweating, irritation,
palpitation, or hunger when facing
hypoglycemia. If you have symptoms as
mentioned previously, please drink 100-120
taking oral anti-diabetic drugs, please inform your
doctor as soon as possible.
If you had any concerns or questions about the oral
anti-diabetic drugs, please call: Department of
Endocrine Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University
Hospital: Tel:07-321-1101 Ext:7381
In emergent condition, please call
ambulance.
119
for
c.c. juice or 240 c.c. milk, and then wait 15
minutes after the drink has been absorbed.
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