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Multiple-Choice Choose the answer that best completes each sentence. 1. _________________ idealized technology and war. *A. Futurism B. Expressionism C. Dadaism D. Naturalism 2. A short lived style in theatre that mirrored the insanity of war was: A. futurism *B. dadaism C. realism D. expressionism 3. In ____________________, the dramatic action is seen through the eyes of the protagonist and therefore frequently seems distorted or dreamlike. A. symbolism *B. expressionism C. romanticism D. naturalism 4. André Breton promoted a style that emphasized the subconscious, known as: A. realism B. naturalism *C. surrealism D. dreamism 5. The structure of expressionistic plays follows those of: A. cause and effect plays B. well-made plays C. absurdist plays *D. station plays 6. _______________________, a proponent of epic theatre, was known for his Verfremdung, which means distancing or alienation effect. *A. Bertolt Brecht B. Andre Antoine C. Samuel Beckett D. Jean Giradoux 99 7. Influenced by the Communist Revolution in Russia, Erwin Piscator sought to develop what he called: A. imperial theater *B. proletarian theater C. theater of cruelty D. living theater 8. Which of the following characteristics are found in Brecht’s episodic plays? A. They cover a long time period. B. They shift locale frequently. C. They have many characters. *D. All of the above 9. __________________ was one of the first Asian theatre artists to influence the development of western theatre.: A. Cao Yu B. Mao Dun *C. Mei Lanfang D. Lao She 10. __________________ wrote Theater of Cruelty, which argued that theatre should confront the audience's senses. A. Andre Breton B. Edwin Piscator C. Bertolt Brecht *D. Antonin Artaud 11. ___________________, the founder of the Théâtre du View Colombier, rejected naturalistic staging practices, focusing on the text and actor training. A. Bertolt Brecht B. Antonin Artaud *C. Jacque Copeau D. André Antoine 12. One of the great American playwrights, ________________________ studied playwrighting with George Pierce Baker. *A. Eugene O'Neill B. Sam Shepard C. Eva LaGallienne D. Luther Adler 100 13. _______________, killed in the Spanish Civil War, wrote such plays as The House of Bernarda Alba, about the oppression of Spanish women. *A. Federico Garcia Lorca B. Stella Adler C. Ethel Waters D. Mark Hammil 14. Often referred to as America's Moscow Art Theater _____________________ was founded by Lee Strasberg, Cheryl Crawford, and Harold Clurman. A. Provincetown Players B. Washington Square Players *C. The Group Theater D. Federal Theater Project 15. An Italian playwright whose "plays reflected theoretical, social, and political upheavals in Italy and Europe" was: A. Mario Spaneli *B. Luigi Pirandello C. Paul Robeson D. Kishida Kunio 16. ________________ made his reputation at the Old Vic in London by developing innovative production concepts for classic works. *A. Tyrone Guthrie B. Paul Robeson C. Samuel Beckett D. Richard Rodgers 17. One of England’s greatest twentieth century actors, ______________ was known for acting and directing classic and contemporary works on stage and in film. A. Nöel Coward B. T.S. Eliot C. Eugene O’Neill *D. Lawrence Olivier 18. _______________, who ran the Civic Repertory Theater, was committed to serious drama in America. A. John Gielgud B. Lillian Hellman *C. Eva Le Gallienne D. George S. Kaufman 101 19. The first theater to present the works of Eugene O’Neill, _________________ is a good example of the development of the “little theatre” movement in the United States. *A. Provincetown Players B. Old Vic C. Chestnut Street Theater D. Human Race Theater 20. Emphasizing the text of the play rather than emotional recall, _____________ taught acting techniques based on the principles of Stanislavski. A. Lee Strasberg *B. Stella Adler C. Andre Antoine D. Antonin Artaud 21. Headed by Hallie Flanagan Davis, the ____________ helped revitalize interest in theatre outside New York City. *A. Federal Theater Project B. Group Theater C. Theatrical Syndicate D. National Theater 22. Originally known as a blues singer in the South, ______________ went on to star in musical theatre on Broadway. A. Lorraine Hansberry B. Canada Lee C. Katherine Dunham *D. Ethel Waters 23. Admired for his versatility as both a singer and Shakespearean actor, _______________ had his career curtailed because of his outspoken social and political beliefs. A. Lee Strasberg B. Eugene O’Neill *C. Paul Robeson D. John Gielgud 24. The Washington Square Players evolved into the ____________, a subscription-based professional organization, which supported the early efforts of the Group Theater. A. Federal Theater Project *B. Theatre Guild C. Free Theater D. Theatrical Syndicate 102 25. Robert Edmond Jones led the ____________ movement in the United States, which strove for simplified realism, using detail only to suggest specific locales. A. “open theatre” B. “free theatre” *C. “new stagecraft” D. “dada” True/False Please choose whether the statement is true or false. 26. Expressionism developed as a movement in art and literature in which reality is distorted to communicate inner feelings. *True False 27. Dadaism promoted “museum art,” arguing that the classics were superior to modern works. True *False 28. Antonin Artaud argued that theatre was not a literary event, but a sensory experience. *True False 29. Bertolt Brecht argued that for theatre to succeed at teaching, the audience must be emotionally engaged throughout the performance. True *False 30. Characters in Luigi Pirandello’s plays question the relationship between appearance and reality. *True False 31. Bertolt Brecht was imprisoned for criticizing the totalitarian government of East Germany. True *False 32. Unlike much of the theatre on the European continent, British Theatre was highly commercial between the world wars. *True False 103 33. In the 1930s, the Soviet Union established expressionism as the only acceptable theatrical form. True *False 34. The Federal Theater Project employed a new generation of African-American theatre artists. *True False 35. Adolf Hitler banned theatrical presentations in Germany during World War II. True *False Essays 36. The Federal Theatre Project was sponsored and regulated by the United States government. Discuss this in terms of other government involvement in the theatre – e.g., the ancient Greek theatre and the 18th-century English theatre. How was the Federal Theatre Project different? How did it replicate many of the problems of the past? 37. Compare and contrast two of the following genres: expressionism, dada, surrealism, and futurism. 104