Download Carbohydrates - Explore Biology

Regents Biology
CH2OH
H
O
H
OH
H
H
OH
HO
Carbohydrates:
_________________
Regents Biology
2006-2007
H
OH
Carbohydrates
 Building block molecules = ____________
sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar
sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar
Regents Biology
Carbohydrates
 Function:

________________

________________

________________
glucose
C6H12O6
 cell wall in plants
 Examples

________________

________________

________________
Regents Biology
sucrose
starch
Sugars = building blocks
 Names for sugars usually end in ________
CH2OH
____________
H
 ____________H
OH
HO
 ____________
 ____________H

O
H
H
OH
OH
glucose
C6H12O6
Regents Biology
sucrose
fructose
maltose
Building carbohydrates
 Synthesis
1 sugar =
monosaccharide
|
glucose
|
glucose
mono = one
saccharide = sugar
di = two
Regents Biology
2 sugars =
disaccharide
|
maltose
Building carbohydrates
 Synthesis
1 sugar =
monosaccharides
|
glucose
|
fructose
How sweet
it is!
Regents Biology
2 sugars =
disaccharide
|
sucrose
(table sugar)
BIG carbohydrates
 __________________________

__________________________
 _________________
 energy storage in plants

________________
 _________________
 energy storage in animals
poly = many

________________
 _________________
 structure in plants

________________
 _________________
 structure in arthropods & fungi
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
________________
Building BIG carbohydrates
glucose + glucose + glucose… = _______________
__________
(plant)
energy
storage
__________
(animal)
Regents Biology
Digesting starch vs. cellulose
starch
easy to
digest
cellulose
hard to
digest
Regents Biology
enzyme
enzyme
Cellulose
 Cell walls in plants
___________________________________
 most ______________________________

 that’s why they
__________________
to get their energy
& nutrients
 __________________
 stays undigested
 keeps material
moving in your
intestines
Regents Biology
Different Diets of Herbivores
Cow
___________ cellulose well;
no need to eat other sugars
Gorilla
___________ cellulose well;
must add another sugar
source, like fruit to diet
Regents Biology
Helpful bacteria
 How can cows digest cellulose?

bacteria live in their stomachs & help digest
cellulose-rich (grass) meals
Eeeew…
Chewing
cud?
Regents Biology
Let’s build some
Carbohydrates!
Regents Biology
2006-2007