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Timeline of Important Events in Psychology’s History
1879: Wilhelm Wundt establishes the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig (Germany)
1883: G. Stanley Hall establishes the first American psychology laboratory at Johns Hopkins University
1885: Hermann Ebbinghaus publishes “On Memory”
1886: Sigmund Freud begins providing therapy to patients in Vienna, Austria
1890: William James publishes “Principles of Psychology”
1890: Sir Francis Galton creates correlation technique
1898: Edward Thorndike develops the Law of Effect
1900: Sigmund Freud publishes “The Interpretation of Dreams”
1905: Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon create first intelligence test
1906: Ivan Pavlov publishes his studies on classical conditioning in dogs
1907: Alfred Adler publishes “A Study of Organic Inferiority and its Psychical Compensation”
1907: Carl Jung begins to depart from Freudian views and develop his own theories
1911: Edward Thorndike publishes first article on animal intelligence, leading to study of operant conditioning
1912: Max Wertheimer publishes “Experimental Studies of the Perception of Movement” (beginnings of
Gestalt psychology)
1912: William Stern creates the concept of IQ (intelligence quotient)
1913: John B. Watson publishes “Psychology as a Behaviorist Views It” (beginnings of behaviorism)
1915: Sigmund Freud publishes work on repression
1920: John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner publish “Little Albert” study
1921: Hermann Rorschach develops Rorschach Inkblot Test
1929: invention of electroencephalogram (EEG)
1932: Jean Piaget publishes “The Moral Judgment of the Child” (cognitive development)
1935: Henry Murray develops Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
1936: Walter Freeman performs first American lobotomy
1938: B.F. Skinner publishes “The Behavior of Organisms” (operant conditioning)
1938: invention of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
1942: Carl Rogers invents client-centered therapy
1942: Jean Piaget publishes “Psychology of Intelligence” (cognitive development)
1942: development of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
1950: Erik Erikson publishes “Childhood and Society” (psychosocial development)
1951: development of earliest antidepressants
1952: First version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is published
1952: Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) first used to treat schizophrenia
1954: Abraham Maslow describes the hierarchy of needs (humanistic psychology)
1958: Harry and Margaret Harlow publish studies on attachment in rhesus monkeys (developmental
psychology)
1961: Albert Bandura conducts Bobo doll study on observational learning (cognitive, social psychology)
1963: Lawrence Kohlberg creates stage model of moral development
1967: Aaron Beck creates ABC model of depression
1968: DSM-II is published
1974: Stanley Milgram publishes “Obedience to Authority”
1980: DSM-III is published
1980: first proposed five-factor model (“Big 5”) of personality
1983: Howard Gardner introduces theory of multiple intelligences
1992: discovery of mirror neurons
1994: DSM-IV is published
2000: Researchers complete “rough draft” of the Human Genome Project
2013: DSM-5 is published