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RELIGION
meaning of god
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God : Spirit or being who is worshipped as creator and
ruler of the world
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Someone very much admired by a group of people and who
influences them a lot is sometimes referred to as a god
Deity : Another word for god or goddess
philosophy vs religion
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Here, a philosophy is a particular theory that someone has
about how to live
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Sometimes it refers to a study of how people should live
A religion is a belief in a god or gods and the activities that
are connected with this belief
hinduism
founder
No single founder
place of origin
India
about 2500 B.C.
religious books/writings
Vedas BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE written by the Brahmins or priests
Upanishads religious teachings on the human spirit
The Epics RAMAYANA & MAHABHARATA
hinduism
key ideas/beliefs
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Hindu deities
EG Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
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Karma
Sum of total deeds, thoughts and actions from a previous life
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Reincarnation
When people die, their souls are reborn into the bodies of people or animals
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Caste system
People are divided into social classes by birth
buddhism
founder
Siddharta Gautama
place of origin
Nepal, India
6th century B.C.
religious books/writings
Tripitakas
buddhism
key ideas/beliefs
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Karma
Reincarnation
Life of every living thing is important
Aim of Buddhism is to achieve
Enlightenment
Four Noble Truths
Eight-Fold Noble Paths
taoism
founder
Laozi
place of origin
China
6th century B.C.
religious books/writings
Daodejing
taoism
key ideas/beliefs
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Live simply
Work closely with nature
Do not pursue wealth and power
taoism
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Taoism - origins traced to Laozi ie "elder master."
Early historical sources : Laozi was a royal scholar in the
sixth century B.C.
However, sources probably based on legends
Possible that Laozi may not have existed as a historical
figure
taoism
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The philosophical text attributed to him was the Classic of
the Way and Its Power
The text is actually a compilation of various writings
collected over the course of generations
Compiled around the third century B.C.
Some of its ideas may have been more than a century old
by that time
taoism
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Historians now agree that Laozi was a legendary figure
developed to provide an author for the Daode jing
Daode jing believed to be compiled by a group of scholars
in the third century B.C.
served as the foundation for both philosophical and
religious Taoism
During the Han dynasty, Laozi was deified
Laozi remains one of the most important deities in religious
Taoism
taoism
confucianism
founder
Confucius
place of origin
China
6th century B.C.
religious books/writings
Analects
confucianism
key ideas/beliefs
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Family as the unit of society
King should think of his people as a
family
Rules for right behaviour
Importance of education
islam
founder
Prophet Muhammad
place of origin
Middle East
7th century A.D.
religious books/writings
Koran
islam
key ideas/beliefs
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Brotherhood of believers
Five pillars of faith