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James Harris Ch1 Outline Introducing Hardware Hardware needs software to work Hardware Software Binary number system PC Hardware Bit Byte Central Processing Unit (CPU) Processor Microprocessor Port Hardware Used for Input/Output Input- device puts info Keyboard in the PC Output- device puts info Mouse so you can see it Monitor Printer Hard copy Circuit board Expansion cards Motherboard Processor/Chipset Storage devices Expansion slots Complementary MetalOxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Motherboard Main board System board Peripheral device Parallel port S/PDIF (Sony-Philips Digital Interface) sound port (USB) Universal Serial bus port Chipset Primary storage/memory Physical components of a PC (EX: monitor, keyboard) Set of instructions that tells what the hardware to do John Atanasoff 1940’s, Tech of storing/.reading two states (0,1) or (on, off) A 1 or 0 8 bits The brain of the PC, writes data and instructions in storage devices and performs calculations, Makers- AMD, Intel Plug devices into the PC Used to Type letters and numbers into the PC Used to ”point” and “click” items on the screen Used to see what you’re doing on the PC Used to make a hard copy on paper of what’s on the screen A copy that you can touch Board that holds microchips or integrated circuits Cards that expand the use of the PC (EX: video card) What you use to put Expansion slots These chips require less electricity and produce less heat then other chips Main board that hold that holds the CPU and expansion card A device that is not hooked up to the motherboard (EX: Printer) Transmit info parallel Connects audio systems Used for many output devices to connect Group of microchips on the motherboard that controls the flow of data Temporarily holds info EX: RAM 8/12/2009 James Harris Primary storage Secondary Storage Motherboard Components Interface expansion cards Electrical system Instructions stored on the Motherboard and other boards Ch1 Outline Secondary storage Random Access Memory (RAM) Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM) Single Inline Memory Modula (SIMM) Volatile Nonvolatile Read-Only Memory (ROM) Hard drive Traces Bus Data bus Data path size System bus/Front Side Bus (FSB) Host bus System Clock Clock speed Hertz(Hz) Megahertz(MZ) Gigahertz(Gz) Video card Power Supply BIOS ( Basic Input Output System) Program System BIOS Startup BIOS CMOS setup CMOS RAM Flash ROM Advanced Configuration Power Interface Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) Hard drive, CD, Flash Drive Located on the motherboard temporality holds info Common type of RAM outdates Temporality in nature Hold info EX: ROM Nonvolatile way to hold info A sealed case contains platters or disks that rotate at high speeds hold info Paths to carry info from one component to another RX: IDE, SATA System of pathways used for communication The most familiar parts of the bus used for data Width of data bus Converts electricity to a voltage the PC can handle, 110-120 volts AC Stored ROM chip on motherboard, Firmwaresoftware embedded into hardware Manage simple devices Starts the computer BIOS that is to change some settings on the motherboard Motherboard settings are stored in a small amount of RAM located on the firmware chip The software stored on ROM chips on the motherboard can be overwritten by new software that remains on the chip until overwritten A power-saving feature on the motherboard BIO’s and OS 8/12/2009 James Harris Ch1 Outline Advanced Power Management (APM) PnP Plug and Play Older BIOS power management PnP Makes installing hardware easier James in Binary Code- 0100101001100001011011010110010101110011 8/12/2009