Download Women Empowerment Fund (WEF) - Philippine Commission on

Thailand Country
Report
“The ASEAN Regional Conference on Sharing
of Good Practices in Social Protection for Women
in Enterprise Development”
December 4 – 5, 2014, Manila, Philippines
Outline
Social Protection & legal mandates
SMEs and Women Empowerment Fund
Si Sa Ket province: based social protection
Challenges & Lessons Learned
Thailand
Population: 65.98 Million
Female: 33.63 Million (50.9 %)
Male: 32.35 Million (49.1 % )
Sex Ratio: 96.2 males : 100 females
(As of December 2010)
SMEs in 2013
Total entrepreneurs: 2.84 Million
SMEs: 2.75 Million ( 97.16 % of total entrepreneurs)
Small Entrepreneurs: 2.73 Million (97.70 % of SMEs)
Medium entrepreneurs: 13,247 (0.47 % of SMEs)
Source: The Office of Small and Medium Entrepreneur Promotion (OMEP)
Social protection’s definition
Social Protection Floor (CEB):
● An integrated set of social policies designed
to guarantee income security and access to social
services for all, paying particular attention to
vulnerable groups, and protecting and
empowering people across the life cycle.
● It includes guarantees of basic income
security, in the form of various social transfers
(in cash or in kind).
Social protection: a priority for equity and growth
• A fundamental means to mitigate social inequalities
• The establishment of the National Commission on Social Welfare,
chaired by the Prime Minister
• A strategy to develop a universal, coherent social protection system
by 2017 called the “Welfare Society”
• The vision of the 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan
(2012-16) is to build “A happy society with equity, fairness and resilience”
• The Policy Statement of the Council of Ministers delivered by Prime Minister
General Prayut Chan-o-cha to the National Assembly on 12 September 2014
on social protection.
• The UN system in Thailand established a team in March 2010
The legal framework on social protection
Civil servants
▪ Government officials’ pension system
▪ Government Pension Fund (GPF)
▪ Civil Servants’ Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS
Private sector
employees
▪ Workmen’s Compensation Fund (WCF)
▪ Social Security Fund (SSF) Section 33 and 39
▪ Provident funds
▪ Private School Teachers’ Welfare Fund (PSTWF)
Informal economy
workers
▪ Social Security Fund (SSF) ▪ Section 40 (informal sector)
▪ Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS)
▪ Universal Non-contributory Allowance for People with
HIV/ AIDS
▪ National Savings Fund (NSF)
▪ Compulsory Migrant Health Insurance (CMHI)
All children
▪ Education for all
(until 15th
year of education)
Additional social welfare programs
Types of direct and indirect benefits to the people:
● School meals, milk of schools nationwide
● Community welfare funds
● Farmers’ debt and price guarantees for agricultural products
● Allocations to poor, homeless, people who have experienced violence,
and other vulnerable groups, urgent social welfare assistance
● Provides funeral grants to survivors
● Other financial assistance from different funds, such as the child
protection fund, the old age fund, the fund to promote and develop the
quality of life of people with disabilities, and the human trafficking fund
● Free electricity fewer than 50 units per month, and free transportation
on non-air conditioned buses and third class trains
● In fact, female and male in Thailand shall be protected equally.
Thailand SMEs.
Policies of the current
government on SMEs
● To strengthen capacity and competitiveness of SMEs.
● To systematize, unify the structure of supporting and driving
mechanisms for SMEs for access to financial resources,
financial services, etc.
Strategies in the Women’s
Development Plan under the
11th National Social and Economic
Development Plan (2012 – 2016)
● To develop women’s capacity and opportunity by providing
an equal opportunities among women and men to access
resources.
● To promote women’s participation in the economy.
Grant Thornton’s research
in 2011
Thai women hold 45% of executive position, while there are
30% of women CEOs.
Overcoming Thailand's Regional
Economic Challenges.
International Affairs review, 2012
SMEs, comprising 78% of employment, 43% of non-agricultural
GDP and 30% of exporters
MasterCard Worldwide
(2010)
Women-owned SMEs in Thailand contributed approximately
38% of the national GDP and that their businesses had an
annual growth-rate of 2.25% compared to 0.31% among SMEs
owned by men
Thailand SMEs. (Con)
The Global Entrepreneurship
Monitor 2007
Social and cultural mores in Thailand have long encouraged
and supported female participation in the workforce.
Global Entrepreneurship
Monitor, 2011
Women have played major roles as owner, executives and
employees in the enterprises
The 2012 Adult Population
Survey and the 2012 GEM
survey
● Thailand’s total early-stage entrepreneurs rate was 18.9% and
established business ownership rate was 29.7% of the sample.
Thailand’s established business ownership of nearly 30% was among
the highest of the participating countries in the 2012 GEM survey, but
also was No.1 within the Asia-Pacific & South Asia region.
The Department of Industrial
Promotion’s statistics
● 49% of new entrepreneurs in the year 2008-2009, and 46%
are women. Thus, their access to markets is quite important.
Challenges of Thai women’s ● Women still face a wide range of barriers to starting,
sustaining and growing their businesses. While women
entrepreneurs
technically have the same legal rights as men, married women
need their husbands’ consent for critical legal transactions,
including bank loans.
● In 2010, just only 33% of total SMEs can access to finance
from commercial bank. Thus, Women Empowerment Fund is
the new option for Thai women entrepreneur.
Women Empowerment Fund (WEF)
• established in 2012,
• applies financial strategies to maximize improvements in women
capacity.
• provide financial support in the form of loans to women group that are
launching or growing an income generating activities, and subsidizes for
women development projects.
Vision
• To empower women to be the crucial force for country’s development
Missions
• To provide low interest loans for women investment
• To provide funds for women’s capacity building and networking to concern
women’s issue
• To provide funds for promoting and supporting activities that solve women
problems
North
Northeast
12%
43
Member profile
%
31%
central
18%
9.8 million
BKK
2%
West
Member
5%
69%
East
Individual
9.7303 million
Non member
14%
organizations
South
127
14%
Aged
25%
19%
19%
15%
15%
6%
40-49
20-29
30-39
50-59
60 up
15-19
Mean = 44 years old
Occupation
Farmer 32 %
Labor 30 %
none 20%
Education
primary school 54%
secondary school 15%
high school 14%
61% have income less than 5,000 ฿ (166 us$)
/month
Financial scheme
Revolving fund
฿ 5,800 m.
+ ฿ 75 m./year
Gov’t annual
budget
Capital
of WEF
Revenue
(Interest from loan )
~ ฿ 150 million/year
# Project
Fund raising
activities
# fund
Grant
฿ 1,450 million
# members
Grant
17,009
฿ 917.7 m.
1,437,510
Loan
68,882 ฿ 5,732.8 m.
740,297
Admin cost
~฿ 300 million
/year
Strategy ,Target and Outcome
• Women at every
aged have
potential and
leadership
140,000 women have
higher leadership
4.40 from 5 (point) of
Fund evaluation with
13 indicator
• Committee at
every level have
managerial capacity
• Fund is sustainable
• Women have
job and
income
Women
Leadership
Development
Women’s
Income
generating
Promotion
Fund
performance
Development
Women’s
Quality of life
Improvement
1.5 m. women got
5,732 m. loan to invest
and earn 5000 ฿
/person/month
3 m. women have better
quality of life
• Women have
good quality
of life
Reserve
local
wisdom
Increase
Solve
community
concerns
warm hearted
family
tight-knit family
Social
effect
Enhance
women’
leadership
Invest
new
technology
Increase
productivity
Decrease
illegal debt
Women’s
unemployment
are reduced
Women become change
agents of their community.
Social impact
from WEF
to Thai society
Women have
better
improvements in
human right,
dignity and
opportunity.
Gender disparity
problems are reduced
The belief that women
can do are disseminated
Social protection project
Project: “Communication between Parents and Children &
stop Teenage Mothers”
Location: Si Sa Ket province, north-eastern region
Granted by: The WEF’s Committees of Si Sa Ket Province
Objectives: To create an open family in which parents and children
discuss the social issues, become aware of the problems teenagers and
encourage family and school play a big role in providing sexual education
and a safe environment and build network concerning teenage mothers
among local administrations and community organizations.
● Conducted in 2012 – 2014: spread out every district of Si Sa Ket province, with 190
training courses and 28,500 participants
● Granted to run: 10 million Baht (about 60,000 baht per three day course)
● Expectation: To decrease the high case of teenage pregnancies and enhance the
network concerning social problems’ solution
● Targets: Youth, parent, related agencies such as government, private and civil sectors
Gap and challenges
Lessons Learned