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Circuits Fernando Velázquez 12 -21 Prof. Frances Díaz I. Title – Circuits A. Circuit, also know as electronic circuit, is composed of individual electronic components, such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires or traces through which electric current can flow. II. III. IV. Materials A. (2) D Batteries B. Copper Wire C. (3) #48 light bulbs D. (3) Bulb holders Procedures A. Series Circuit a. First we made a series circuit, comprised of two light bulbs and a battery. b. We connected the battery to a copper wire in the positive side, which we then connected to one light bulb and looped it back to the negative side of the battery. c. We then connected the second light bulb to the circuit by removing the copper wire and looping it to the second light bulb and the reattached it to the negative side of the battery. This caused the first light bulb to dim and then return exuding the same amount of light as before attaching the second. d. Now we tightened bulb X but unscrewed bulb Y, by doing this both light bulbs turned off immediately. e. Lastly we added a third light bulb, by attaching another copper wire to one light bulb and the attaching it to the negative side of the battery. When doing this the battery didn’t have enough voltage for three light bulbs so the three became very dim and did not regain the amount of light that they were exuding. B. Parallel Circuit a. Starting off by creating a parallel circuit, comprised of two light bulbs and a battery. b. We first connected a copper wire to the positive side of the battery, which we then took to the light bulb and ended the loop by reattaching it to the negative side of the battery. c. Now we added a second light bulb, but by attaching another looped circuit to the existing one on either sides of the copper wire in perspective to the light bulb. By doing so the second light bulb lit up immediately. d. Now we unscrewed bulb X and tightened bulb Y, when we did this the light bulb that was unscrewed, X, turned off, but bulb Y remained lit. e. Now we unscrewed bulb Y and tightened bulb X, the same result as procedure Bd occurred, in which the unscrewed bulb turned off, but the one that was tightened remained lit. Data Circuits a. b. c. d. e. Circuits a. b. c. d. e. A. Series Circuit – Yes: bulb would light – No: bulb would not light Prediction Test Yes No Yes No X X X X X X X X X X B. Parallel Circuit – Yes: bulb would light – No: bulb would not light Prediction Test Yes No Yes No X X X X X X X X X X . A. B. C. D. E. H. I. J. Lab 2. 1. + _ 2. + + _ 3. 4. 5. 6. Lab 3. Lab 4. 5. V. Analysis A. Series Circuit a. What did you notice happened to the first bulb when the second bulb was added? The bulb dimmed a little and then regains the light it was exuding before. b. Look carefully at how the series circuit is set up. Write a prediction of what you think will happen if you unscrew one of the bulbs. Why did you make this prediction? – If I unscrew one of the bulbs the other will turn off, because the current doesn’t have a way to loop back to the battery. VI. c. Tighten bulb X and unscrew bulb Y. Describe what happens to bulb X. – Bulb X turns off d. Add a third bulb to your series circuit. What happens to the brightness of the bulb is added to the series? The brightness was lowered, because the voltage of the battery wasn’t high enough for the three light bulbs. e. Draw a schematic diagram with 3 bulbs. Number 6 B. Parallel Circuit a. What do you notice happened to the first bulb when the second bulb was added? The light bulb remain lit b. Look at how a parallel circuit is set up. Write a prediction of what you think will happen if you unscrew one of the bulbs in the parallel circuit. – The other light bulb will remain lit even so, because the current travels through a different path than the other light bulb. c. Unscrew bulb X. Describe what happened to bulb Y. – Bulb Y remains lit. d. Tighten bulb X and unscrew bulb Y. Describe what happens to bulb X. – Bulb X remains lit. Conclusion A. In conclusion we were able to prove the differences in both circuits (parallel, and series), and also prove the effects of adding a light bulb and cutting off the currents path. In both cases procedures a. and b. suffice in lighting up, but in c. and d. of the circuits only the parallel could light the bulb and in the series it did not. Even so the energy the two and the three light bulbs in the series circuit were exuding more light that the parallel circuit, meaning that each circuit has its benefits and down side.