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PLEASE, do NOT write on this paper. Return this sheet to your teacher ! Isomer Activity – Using Molecular Models Introduction to Organic Chemistry Background Information: Isomers are different compounds that have the same molecular formula. In this activity you are going to look at structural isomers, in which the atoms are joined in different order so that they have different structural formulae. Structural isomers can be further subdivided into positional isomers (have the same hydrocarbon skeleton and the same functional groups… but the functional group is joined to a different part of the skeleton), hydrocarbon chain isomers (have different hydrocarbon skeletons), and functional group isomers (have different functional groups). Purpose: In this lab you are going to use molecular model kits to explore the molecular and structural formulas of isomers of different compounds. You will do this as a table team. Each table team will work on 3 sets of isomers, as shown in the table below. Table Team Isomer Group A* B* C* D** E** F** 1 2 C4H10 3 4 C5H12 C5H10 C6H10 C6H12 C3H8O C4H8 C5H8 C4H10O C3H6O C4H8O2 6 C6H14 C4H6 C5H10O 5 C5H12O C4H8O C5H10O2 C3H6O2 * Isomers in groups A, B, and C may contain straight chain or ring hydrocarbons. **To simplify the task, do not use double or triple bonds between carbon atoms and do not use ring structures in the isomers in groups D, E, and F. Directions: For each molecule assigned to your team, the task is to… (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) use the model kit(s) to build as many isomers of the given molecular formula as you can. record each different isomer you build by drawing the structural formula in such a way as to convey the general shape of the molecule. convert these structural formulas into condensed structural formulas. Identify the functional groups within each isomer: alkane, alkene, alkyne, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester identify the type of isomers present within the isomer group (positional isomers, hydrocarbon chain isomers, and/or functional group isomers) You’ll need to come up with an organized way to collect this information. Please collect your data for each Isomer Group on a separate sheet of paper. We only need 1 copy of the data per Table Team. For instance, Table Team 1 will submit 3 sets of data – one for Isomer Group A, one for Isomer Group C, and one for Isomer Group E. Be sure that your names, date and period appear on each set of data… along with a very visible label that identifies both the Group and the molecular formula. Analysis: Make note of any patterns you notice as you build the isomers in each group… and as you share your findings with other teams. IMPORTANT NOTE: Allow plenty of time to ‘clean up’… returning the model kit parts to the appropriate boxes. Check to be sure each kit contains the proper number of balls and sticks.