Download Pig Dissection Guide

Pig Dissection Guide
By: Evelyn Lu
Here are all the terms that appear on the Testable Terms handout. The
terms that are testable for the Oral ID Test are in bold. Most descriptions
are taken directly out of the pig dissection manual. Some of the body
parts’ locations and appearance ie mouth, head, are too obvious to
require an explanation, in those cases SE is put for Self Explanatory
External Features
Body part
Sus scrofa (pig
scientific name
Anterior surface
Location
Appearance
Whole pig
n/a
Toward the head
n/a
Toward the tail
n/a
Toward the backbone
n/a
Ventral
Toward the belly
n/a
Lateral
Toward the side
n/a
Median
Distal
The midline of the body
n/a
Far from
n/a
Proximal
Close to
n/a
Teats
(mammae)
External nares
(nostrils)
Nicitating membrane
Ventral side of the lumbar
subregion
SE
SE
SE
Under eyelid
Opaque layer of eyelid
Tongue
Cover floor of oral cavity
SE
Papillae of tongue
Head
Cover surface of tongue
Grain looking bits on tongue
SE
SE
Neck
SE
SE
Trunk
SE
SE
Tail
SE
SE
Posterior surface
(caudal)
Dorsal
Wrist
SE
SE
elbow
SE
SE
Knee
SE
SE
Ankle
SE
SE
Umbilical cord
Thick cord
A picture of its cross section
could show the two
umbilical arteries and
umbilical vein in it
Urogenital opening E Ventral to the anus
Scrotum E
Genital papillaC
Ventral to the anus
Dorsal of anus
Small flap-like tissue
Mouth
SE
SE
Eye
SE
SE
Pina
(ears)
Hooves
SE
SE
SE
SE
Internal Features
Body Pats
Canine Tooth
Parietal Peritoneum
Location
Appearance
Throughout the body
covering different organs
Thin membrane
Hyoid Bone
Anterior to the larynx
Triangular bone
Hard Palate
Anterior of oral cavity
Soft Palate
Posterior of oral cavity
Covers the anterior section
of body
Composed of bone
covered with mucous
membrane in folds or ridges
A continuation of the
mucous membrane
covering hard palate
Thick layer of muscular
tissue
Dorsal and medial to the
thymus gland
Dark, more compact
structure
Sternum
Thyroid gland
Thymus Gland
Covers the posterior area
of larynx to the anterior
section of heart
Light in colour
Large, bi-coloured mass
Respiratory System
Body Parts
Epiglottis
Larynx
Location
Appearance
Posterior edge of tongue
Ventral flap of tissue
Posterior of hyoid bone
Anterior of thyroid gland
Hard whitish
Extend from larynx
downwards
On either sides of heart
Thick tube
Below the lungs and heart
Thin layer of membrane
separating liver and heart
Bronchi
trachea
Lungs
diaphragm
Flat sacs
Digestive System
Body Part
Parotid gland
Submaxillary gland
Duodenum
Anus
Esophagus
Pancreas
Small intestine
Location
Lies almost on the midline of
the throat
Lies medial to parotid gland
Posterior to the angle of the
jaw
Anterior to maxillary veins
First tube that leads out of
stomach
Runs from pyloric end of
stomach to near the right
kidney then turn left and
crosses midline of body
then curves anteriorly and
becomes jejunum
Appearance
Large, somewhat diffuse
gland
Triangular
Small
Compact
Oval
Relatively thick tube
Ventral to the tail on the
posterior side
Dorsal to the trachea
Surrounded by sphincter
muscle
Thick tube
Dorsal of stomach
an organ composed of a
bumpy bunch of grain-like
dots
Lose coils
Divided into 3 sections:
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Across posterior end of the
abdominal cavity
Posterior to the spleen
Tightly coiled
Liver
Posterior to the diaphragm
Cyctic duct
Tube that leads out of gall
bladder and connects with
common bile duct
Posterior to the liver
Large brown
5 lobes
Thin tube
Large intestine (colon)
Stomach
Bean shaped sac
Lesser curvature of
stomach
Greater curvature of
stomach
Pyloric valve
Anterior concave curve of
stomach
n/a
Posterior curve
n/a
Cardiac end of
stomach
The portion of the stomach
into which the esophagus
empties
Inside of stomach
rugae
Gall bladder
Common bile duct
Rectum
Circular muscular sphincter
Embedded in posterior
surface of liver
Connected to cystic duct
which leads out of gall
bladder
The section of colon at the
pelvic girdle
Passes posteriorly from the
colon through pelvic girdle
to the anus
Dorsal to urethra (in male)
and to the urogenital sinus
(in female)
n/a
Ridge-like folds of
membrane
Storage organ for bile
Thin tube
Enlarged continuation of
large intestine
Abdominal viscera
Jejunum
Ileum
Meconium
Colon
(large intestine)
Ileo-caecal valve
Mesentery
Lower section of duodenum
Lower section of jejunum
In the digestive tract
Continue from ileo-caecal
valve to form a tight double
coil
A section of ileum that
connects to caecum
Suspend/support the
visceral organs
Cannot be differentiate
from each other externally
Together make up the
remainder of small intestine
Ball-like contents of the
digestive tract
Tightly coiled tubes
Projection of ileum into
lumen of caecum
Reddish membranes that
connects the small
intestines to the body
Caecum
connects large and small
intestine
Pouch-like
Urogenital System
Body Part
Ureters
Corpus of the uterus C
Uterine tube C
Cornu of uterus C
Allantoic bladder
Kidney
Adrenal gland
Urethra
Location
Appearance
Tube coming out of
kidney
Tube connecting cornu of
uterus to rectum
Cushions the ovaries
Light coloured tubes
Tube connecting uterine
tube to the corpus of
uterus
Extending from the
proximal end of umbilical
cords
Extreme posterior end of
abdominal cavity
Posterior to the pancreas,
dorsal to large intestine
(hard to see)
anterior of medial of
kidney
Joins the vagina
In male passes out
through penis to external
urogenital opening
Thin tube
Embedded in uterine
tube
Bean shaped
Thin tube
Thin flap if tissue
Tough elongated sac
Bean shaped organ
Elongated
Light coloured
Thick tube
Inguinal pouch E
Penis E
Spermatic duct E
Spermatic cord E
Epididymis E
Ovary C
Testis E
Gubernaculum E
Seminal vesicles E
Circulatory System
Body Part
Umbilical vein
Location
Appearance
Through the umbilical cord
Large, thin-walled
Relatively small
Splenic vein
Through the umbilical cord
Adjacent to each side of
bladder
Attached to the ventral
lateral border of stomach
On flat side of spleen
Splenic artery
On flat side of spleen
thin
Precava vein
First vein leading out of
anterior of heart
Major vein carrying the
blood from the anterior
portion of body into right
atrium
First vein leading out of
posterior of heart
Vein extending to arms
thick
Drain into forelimb
Enter the external jugular
vein at its base
Emerged from precava
vein
Emerged from precava
vein
Emerged from precava
vein
Leads out of anterior of
heart and extend to
posterior of body
thin
Posterior to the heart
Extends towards dorsal of
body along the dorsal aorta
Found on mesentery
thick
Umbilical arteries
Spleen
Postcava vein
Cephalic vein
Brachial vein
External jugular vein
Internal jugular vein
Dorsal aorta
Leaf-like flap
Thin
thick
Very thin
Relatively thin
Relatively thin
Curving portion
Portal vein
Hemiazygous vein
Mesenteric vein
External iliac vein
Femoral vein
Extend towards legs
Deep femoral vein
Innominate
A section on aortic arch
thin
anastomosis
Right common carotid
artery
Left common carotid
artery
Right subclavian artery
Extend from bi-carotid trunk
Relatively thin
Extend from bi-carotid trunk
Relatively thin
Extend from aortic trunk
Thin
Left subclavian artery
Extend from aortic trunk
Thin
Brachiocephalic artery
Dorsal section of bi-carotid
trunk, extended from aortic
arch
Arteries extending to
forelimbs
thick
Brachial artery
thin
Intercostals arteries
Aortic arch
Ductus arteriosus
Pulmonary artery
Bi-carotid trunk
Mesenteric artery
The first curving portion of
aorta
Connection between aorta
and pulmonary artery
The most ventral artery
leading from heart and to
the left
Leading from right ventricle
Joins the two carotid
arteries
Found on mesentery
Large vessel
Thick tube
Thin
Renal artery
Renal vein
Circumflex iliac artery
Right external iliac
artery
Left external iliac artery
Femoral artery
Lead to abdominal wall
and flank
Joins with a dorsolateral
vessel
Arise laterally from the aorta
and lead to hips and
hindlimbs
Joins with a dorsolateral
vessel
Arise laterally from the aorta
and lead to hips and
hindlimbs
Proximal to the knee
Deep femoral artery
Joins with femoral in the
region of pelvic girdle
Heart
In between the two lungs
SE
Protected by sternum
Pericardium
Right atrium (auricle)
Left atrium (auricle)
Two anterior sacs of heart
Left coronary artery
Left coronary vein
First arteries to arise from the
aorta
Right ventricle
Posterior sacs of heart
Left ventricle
Posterior sacs of heart
Septum
In the heart
Thin walled
Muscular pouches
Thick walls
Muscular pouches
Thick walls
Wall dividing the heart
Appear in specimen as bits
of empty spaces