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If you were ■ Essential Question: ABSENT –What are the major yesterday, come differences between the see me! Indian religions of Hinduism and Buddhism? ■ Bell Work Question: 1. How are Christianity, Judaism, and Islam similar? 2. What do you think might be different for Hinduism and Buddhism? The Religions of Ancient India Overview: The people of the Indus River Valley developed 2 major religions that are still practiced today: Hinduism & Buddhism Hinduism ■ Basic beliefs: –Hinduism is based upon the search for “perfect understanding” & the liberation from the human world –This understanding is called moksha (also called nirvana or enlightenment) Hinduism ■ Basic beliefs: – Only the top of the caste system can achieve moksha – Hindus believe in reincarnation (people are reborn into another form) – Moving up in the caste is based on fulfilling dharma (duty) & gaining karma (good deeds) Activity ■Take out the “talking chips” from your team tubs. –(Red and yellow dots) ■Take out 5 chips and place them so the RED side if facing up. What’s your Karma? ■Based on the next situations, your team will decide if that person would receive good karma or bad karma for their actions. –GOOD = turn the chip over to Yellow –BAD= keep red side up #1 ■You are walking down the street and notice a homeless man begging for help. You notice you have some extra food/candy and water in your bag and you decide to give these to the homeless man. #2 ■You had a late night at practice last night and forgot to study for your Biology test today! The person sitting next to you looks prepared so you decide to sneak some glances at their test to help your grade. #3 ■You find a lost dog in the street and take him to the closest animal shelter for care. #4 ■Your family is cannot pay many of the bills this month and your mom says she doesn’t know how she’ll pay for groceries this weekend. After school you stop by the grocery store and steal some pasta to bring home for your family. #5 ■A friend of yours is having a hard time at school and you notice them upset one day. You take the time to talk to them and offer to help in any way you can. How many reds do you still have? ■If you have ANY red colored chips up, you would NOT have reached nirvana and would be reincarnated to try again in another life or form. –How do small negative actions impact their chances of moksha? Hinduism ■ Gods: –Hindus believe in thousands of gods, but 3 are supreme –Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, & Shiva the destroyer ■Texts: –There is no single Hindu text, but the Upanishads & Vedas are important works Bell Work 9-26-16 1. How is Hinduism different from the monotheistic religions? 2. Explain how the Hindu caste system works. How does karma impact your social class at birth? How does reincarnation work? Hinduism ■ Impact on society: –Hinduism & caste system dominate all aspects of one’s life, such as who people can marry & how to dress Quick Class Activity: Examine the image and the quote below & guess how Buddhism is different from Hinduism Let him not despise what he has received, nor should he live envying the gains of others. The disciple who envies the gains of others does not attain concentration. —Buddhist scripture, The Dhammapada (Verses of Righteousness) Buddhism ■ Origins: –Buddhism was created by Siddhartha Gautama who abandoned a noble life in search of enlightenment –After a period of meditation, Siddhartha gained enlightenment & became known as the “Buddha” Buddhism ■ Basic Beliefs: –Like Hinduism, Buddhists believe in moksha & reincarnation –But, Buddhists rejected the caste system & the idea that only Brahmins can achieve nirvana Buddhism ■ Basic Beliefs: –The major teaching of Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths –Buddhists believe they can achieve nirvana by following the Eight-Fold Path Buddhism ■Impact on society: –Women & Hindus in the lowest castes were attracted to Buddhism –Missionaries spread Buddhism into Asia Closure Activity ■Complete the comparison chart on the back of your notes –What are the characteristics of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism? –Be prepared to answer some discussion questions when finished Team Assignments ■ Each person at your table will be responsible for completing a portion of the chart to share with their team: 1. Hinduism You have 5 minutes to complete your 2. Buddhism task! 3. Judaism 4. Note Checker (you will get out all your notes to help your team find the answers)