Download SENIOR SCIENCE SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS Physics (22

SENIOR SCIENCE
SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS
Physics (22 questions)
1.
What is the purpose of a siphon in an aqueduct?
a. They acted as bridges to span low-lying areas.
b. They were large tanks that removed impurities from the water.
c. They were the pipes that initially pulled water from the main water source.
d. They were large dips in the pipes that gave the water enough momentum to make
it uphill.
2.
When siphons were impractical to build, what was the Romans’ solution?
a. They created pumps to push the water uphill
b. They built arched bridges instead
c. They made the aqueducts shorter so the water didn’t have to travel as far
d. They built vertical airshafts
3.
What was the preferred building material for siphons?
a. Lead
b. Concrete
c. Steel
d. Stone
4.
How much water were the aqueducts of Rome able to carry in a day?
a. 100,000 gallons
b. 500,000 gallons
c. 100,000,000 gallons
d. 300,000,000 gallons
5.
How many aqueducts supplied Rome with water?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 11
d. 15
6.
What was the typical gradient of Roman aqueducts?
a. 0.03% - 0.10%
b. 0.02% - 0.5%
c. 0.3% - 0.15%
d. 0.5% - 0.7%
7.
What did Romans add to concrete to make it more solid?
a. Trachyandesite
b. Pyroclastic rock
c. Sanidine
d. Pozzolana
8.
Which of the following statements about arches is false?
a. Arches eliminate tensile stresses
b. Arches eliminate compressive stresses
c. The greater the degree of curvature, the greater the effects of tension on the
underside of the bridge.
d. The keystone makes each stone press against each other, to transfer the force
along the bridge's curve.
9.
Running water erodes solid rock by _________ .
a. abrasion
b. chemical and physical weathering
c. undercutting action of currents
d. all of the above
10.
Which of the following statements about the gradient of aqueducts is false?
a. If the gradient were too steep, the water would erode the aqueduct.
b. If the gradient were too steep, the water would splash out of the aqueduct.
c. If the gradient were too shallow, the water would leave sediment.
d. If the gradient were too shallow, the water would erode the aqueduct.
11.
Which one of the following statements is true about dams?
a. They help build up beaches
b. They lower the water table
c. They cause deposition below the dam
d. They cause erosion below the dam
12.
When constructing a dam, the bottom of the dam is thicker than the top of
the dam. The necessity of having a thick bottom is a result of
a. the volume of the water behind the dam.
b. the altitude of the body of water behind the dam.
c. the depth of the water behind the dam.
d. the community surrounding the dam.
13.
Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than
at point A. Where is the water pressure greater?
a. Point A
b. Point B
c. Same at both A and B
d. Cannot be determined from the information given.
14.
Which one of the following is not a property of liquids?
a. They are incompressible.
b. They have no definite volume.
c. They can flow.
d. They have no definite shape.
15.
Liquids have the ability to flow because
a. their particles are arranged in a regular pattern.
b. there are strong forces of attraction between the particles.
c. their particles are very far apart.
d. their particles can slide over each other.
16.
Water flows at a constant speed of 16 m/s through narrow section of the
pipe. What is the speed of water in the section of the pipe where its radius is twice of
the initial radius?
a. 12 m/s
b. 8 m/s
c. 4 m/s
d. 2 m/s
17.
A pipe is 2 cm diameter and narrows to a 1 cm diameter. The velocity of the
water moving from the larger to smaller side
a. decreases by twofold.
b. decreases by fourfold.
c. increases by twofold.
d. increases by fourfold.
18.
Which form of energy does the flowing water possess?
a. gravitational energy
b. potential energy
c. electrical energy
d. kinetic energy
19.
The property of a fluid by which its own molecules are attracted is called
a. adhesion
b. viscosity
c. cohesion
d. surface tension
20.
The property of a fluid by which molecules of different kinds of fluids are
attracted to each other is called
a. adhesion
b. viscosity
c. cohesion
d. surface tension
21.
Choose the incorrect statement:
a. Viscosity of liquids is appreciably affected by change in pressure
b. Viscosity of liquids decreases with increase in temperature
c. Viscosity is primarily due to interaction between fluid molecules
d. All of the above are incorrect statements
22.
When the flow parameters at any given instant remain the same at every
point, the flow is said to be
a. laminar
b. static
c. uniform
d. steady state
Chemistry (10 questions)
23.
Most commercial glasses consist of
a. lime
b. soda
c. silica
d. all of the above
24.
What color of light is transmitted by a piece of blue glass?
a. Blue
b. White
c. Red
d. Orange
25.
Light shines on a pane of clear glass and a pane of green glass. The
temperature will be higher in the _______________________.
a. Green glass
b. Clear glass
c. It will be the same in both
d. Cannot be determined
26.
When ultraviolet light is incident upon glass, atoms in the glass
a. resonate
b. vibrate
c. pass the light along practically undiminished
d. absorb and reemit most of the ultraviolet light
27.
Why is glass a good substance for storing chemicals?
a. Glass is cheap and readily available.
b. Glass is a noble solid.
c. Glass has a low reactivity.
d. The melting point of glass is very high.
28.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. Glass absorbs and transmits heat.
b. Glass is durable due to the strong bonds between the molecules in it.
c. Glass can be decomposed by hydrofluoric acid.
d. All of the above are true
29.
Which of the following ancient techniques for forming glass involved pouring
liquid glass over a piece of clay to give it a shape?
a. Core forming
b. Sagging
c. Casting
d. Glassblowing
30.
Which of the following ancient techniques for forming glass involved taking
preformed glass rods or canes, placing them in or on top of a mold, and then heating
the canes until they sagged and fused together and conformed to the shape of the
mold?
a. Core forming
b. Sagging
c. Casting
d. Glassblowing
31.
Which of the following ancient techniques for forming glass involved pouring
hot, molten glass into a mold?
a. Core forming
b. Sagging
c. Casting
d. Glassblowing
32.
What were the benefits of glassblowing?
a. It made glass easier and faster to make
b. It could make glass items that were larger and thinner than earlier methods
c. It made glassware cheaper and available to people who weren’t wealthy
d. All of the above
Biology (21 questions)
33.
The major difference between volcanic and plutonic igneous rocks is
a. the type of minerals they contain.
b. where they solidify.
c. their chemical composition.
d. all of the above
34.
A change in magma composition due to melting of surrounding country rock
is called
d. differentiation.
b. crystal settling.
c. magma mixing.
d. none of the above
35.
Volcanic eruptions can affect climate because
a. they are tall mountain peaks.
b. they recycle water vapor to make clouds.
c. they heat the atmosphere.
d. none of the above
36.
Which component of a volcanic eruption causes cooling of the earth?
a. Ejection of fine dust particles into the upper atmosphere
b. Emission of water vapor
c. The release of heat as the flows cool
d. Melting of any ice or snow on the mountain during the eruption
37.
Which component of a volcanic eruption causes warming of the earth?
a. Ejection of fine dust particles into the upper atmosphere
b. Emission of water vapor and other greenhouse gasses
c. The release of heat as the flows cool
d. Melting of any ice or snow on the mountain during the eruption
38.
Magma is
a. the reason volcanoes form.
b. the source of all igneous rocks.
c. melted rock.
d. all of the above
39.
Which of these is not a common gas in magma?
a. methane
b. sulfur dioxide
c. carbon dioxide
d. water vapor
40.
The asthenosphere is
a. the source of all gas in volcanoes.
b. the source of most magmas.
c. completely molten.
d. all of the above
41.
Submarine eruptions of volcanoes
a. have never been observed.
b. cannot occur because water causes magma to solidify too quickly.
c. form pillow basalts.
d. none of these
42.
What is the most common type of volcano in the "Ring of Fire"?
a. a volcanic fissure.
b. a cinder cone.
c. a shield volcano.
d. a composite volcano.
43.
In correct order from the center outward, Earth includes which layers?
a. core, inner mantle, outer mantle, crust
b. inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
c. inner core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
d. core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
44.
The tectonic plates
a. are the outermost shell of the solid Earth.
b. are a rigid, solid layer about 100 km thick
c. includes the crust and the uppermost mantle
d. all of the above
45.
According to Plate Tectonics theory, most active volcanoes occur
a. on continents.
b. in large tectonic plates.
c. along plate boundaries.
d. randomly over continents.
46.
Why is basalt finer grained than gabbro?
a. gabbro formed from quick cooling of magma.
b. basalt formed from quick cooling of magma.
c. basalt has a mafic composition.
d. gabbro has a mafic composition.
47.
Magma generation in subduction zones are mainly caused by
a. releasing of water and volatiles from the subducting plate
b. pressure release in the subducting plate
c. temperature increase in the surrounding mantle
d. all above
48.
Why do magmas rise toward Earth's surface?
a. Magmas are more viscous than solid rocks in the crust and upper mantle.
b. Most magmas are richer in silica than most crustal and upper mantle rocks.
c. Magmas, being melts and having gases, are less dense than the adjacent solid rock.
d. magmas have higher content of pyroxenes than the surrounding rocks.
49.
Which term means “broken by fire”?
a. granitic
b. viscous
c. silica
d. pyroclastic
50.
A volcano formed by felsic lava flows alternating with layers of ash and a
slopes up to 25 degrees is called a
a. hot spot volcano
b. composite volcano
c. shield volcano
d. granitic volcano
51.
Which volcanic hazard term is not matched with its correct definition?
a. lahar—mudflow
b. bombs—large blocks ejected by the eruption
c. pyroclastic flow—hot water ejected by the volcano
d. furmaroles—gas and steam vents in the volcano
52.
Why are nuees ardentes so dangerous for human beings?
a. These white hot ash clouds can move more than 100 kilometer per hour.
b. They are always the first thing that erupts out of a volcano.
c. They are the most viscous type of lava flow.
d. They are the hottest type of greenhouse gas emitted by a volcano.
53.
Why are lahars so dangerous for human beings?
a. These white hot ash clouds can move more than 100 kilometer per hour.
b. These mud flows can move rapidly down slope and can travel up to 70 or 80
kilometers away from the volcano.
c. They are the hottest type of lava flow.
d. They are filled with superheated greenhouse gasses, which poison wide areas
near the volcano.
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