Download Exploration- Early Europe

Age of Exploration (1450 - 1750)
“God, gold and glory”
“God, gold and glory”
Motives for Exploration
A. Technological Advances
1. improved navigational
methods:
- magnetic compass and
astrolabe
- improved maps and
charts
Motives for European Exploration
B. Crusades  by-pass intermediaries
to get to Asia.
C. Renaissance  curiosity about other
lands and peoples.
D. Reformation  refugees &
missionaries.
E. Monarchs seeking new sources of
revenue.
F. Fame and fortune.
improved ship designs
- the caravel
improved weapons
- gunpowder and cannons
Why would this be important?
Portugal and Spain
A. Portugal
1. Portugal led the way
in exploration
a. Prince Henry the Navigator
encourages exploration and
the study of improvements in
seafaring.
b.location –
Portugal was
well situated
to explore
based on
routes
available to
explore.
2. Portuguese
sailors
explored the
coast of
Africa in an
attempt to
find a water
route to Asian
trade.
3. Portuguese explorers
included:
Bartholomeu Dias - first to sail
around the southern tip ofAfrica
Vasco da Gama - discovered an
all water trade route between
Portugal and India.
B. Spain
1. Columbus sails
West in an
attempt to reach
Asia.
a. opened the
Americas to
European
colonization and
trade.
Columbus’ Four Voyages
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
- Spain and Portugal sign a treaty
dividing the newly
discovered lands between the
two nations
How would you view this treaty if
you were the English, French or
other Europeans
Other Voyages of Exploration
Amerigo Vespucci –
Explored the coast of the newly
discovered lands
Suggested Columbus had actually
discovered a new world
Vespucci’s name begins to appear
on maps of the New World
Ferdinand Magellan –
attempted to find a
Western route to Asia,
one of his ships will
complete the first
circumnavigation of the
earth. (1519-1522)
Ferdinand Magellan & the First
Circumnavigation of the World:
Early 16c
Spanish conquistador
Hernan Cortes arrived in
Mexico in 1519.
Cortes along with
native allies
defeated the
Aztec.
Atlantic Explorations
Looking for “El Dorado”
Slaves Working in a
Brazilian Sugar Mill
The “Columbian Exchange”
What is it?
The “Columbian Exchange” refers to the
vast exchange of people, plants, animals,
ideas and diseases that began with the
“Age of Exploration”
The “Columbian Exchange”

Squash

Avocado

Peppers

Sweet Potatoes

Turkey

Pumpkin

Tobacco

Quinine

Cocoa

Pineapple

Cassava

POTATO

Peanut

TOMATO

Vanilla

MAIZE

Syphilis

Trinkets

Liquor

GUNS

Olive

COFFEE BEAN

Banana

Rice

Onion

Turnip

Honeybee

Barley

Grape

Peach

SUGAR CANE

Oats

Citrus Fruits

Pear

Wheat

HORSE

Cattle

Sheep

Pigs

Smallpox

Flu

Typhus

Measles

Malaria

Diptheria

Whooping Cough
Impact of European Expansion
1. Native populations ravaged by
disease.
2. Influx of gold, and especially
silver, into Europe created an
inflationary economic climate.
[“Price Revolution”]
3. New products introduced across
the continents [“Columbian
Exchange”].
4. Deepened colonial rivalries.
Treasures
from the Americas!
Cycle of Conquest & Colonization
Explorers
Official
European
Colony!