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Section Quiz
Section: Identifying Minerals
MATCHING
In the space provided, write the letter of the definition that best matches the term
or phrase.
______ 1. luster
______ 2. fracture
______ 3. streak
______ 4. cleavage
______ 5. hardness
a. the tendency of a mineral to break into irregular,
uneven surfaces
b. the tendency of a mineral to split to form smooth,
flat surfaces
c. the way a mineral’s surface reflects light
d. the color of a mineral in powdered form
e. the measure of the ability of a mineral to
resist scratching
MULTIPLE CHOICE
In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
______ 6. Which of the following are chatoyancy and asterism associated with?
a. cat’s cradle and six-sided star
c. brilliancy and dullness
b. cat’s eye and star
d. two minerals
______ 7. A mineral is described as fluorescent when it
a. glows under fluorescent light.
b. grows under fluorescent light.
c. glows under ultraviolet light.
d. grows when electrically charged.
______ 8. What mineral property involves iron?
a. radioactivity
c. refraction
b. density
d. magnetism
______ 9. Because many minerals are similar in color and certain elements may
change the color, color
a. is not a good identifier.
b. is the best identifier.
c. is a restrictive property.
d. is stable.
______ 10. Unstable atomic nuclei decay over time into stable nuclei, causing a
mineral to be
a. phosphorescent.
c. radioactive.
b. fluorescent.
d. an ion.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
28
Minerals of Earth’s Crust
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ANSWER KEY
Graphing Skills
Chapter Test B
1. 53%
2. 46%
3. 1%
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asterism
color
sheet
framework
ring
Answers may vary. Sample answer: The
minerals may be ruby and sapphire,
which are both corundum. Using the
Mohs hardness scale, if both can be
scratched by diamond and both scratch
topaz, they are very likely corundum.
Ruby is red due of trace amounts of
chromium in corundum, while trace
amounts of cobalt and titanium give
corundum a sapphire blue color.
23. Hardness and cleavage and fracture
are different properties. Hardness
means the ability of a mineral to
scratch other minerals. Cleavage and
fracture describe how a mineral splits:
into pieces with flat, smooth surfaces
(cleavage); or into uneven pieces with
irregular surfaces (fracture). A mineral
can be extremely hard and still have
the tendency to cleave or fracture.
Diamond is the hardest of minerals,
but it cleaves more easily than some
other much softer minerals.
24. Answers may vary. Sample answer:
Natural gas is usually an organic
substance, a fossil fuel. Minerals are
usually inorganic. Natural gas is not a
crystalline solid. It is not a mineral.
Section Quiz
SECTION: WHAT IS A MINERAL?
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SECTION: IDENTIFYING MINERALS
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Chapter Test A
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
54
Minerals of Earth’s Crust