Download Dominic Fornicola INPUT DEVICE- piece of computer hardware used to

Dominic Fornicola
INPUT DEVICE- piece of computer hardware used to provide data and control signals to an
information processing system such as a computer or information appliance
OUTPUT DEVICE- any piece of hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data
carried out by a an information processing system which converts the electronically generated
information to a human-readable form
STORAGE- tech consisting of components and recording media used to retain digital data
MOTHERBOARD-a printed circuit board containing the principle components of a computer or
other device with connectors into which other circuit boards can be slotted
HARD DISK DRIVE- mechanism that controls the positioning reading and writing of the hard
disk which furnishes the largest amount of data storage for the PC
RAM- random access memory- is the place in a computer where the operating system
application programs and data in current use are kept so that they can be reached by the
computers processor
PERIPHERAL- auxiliary device such as a computer mouse or keyboard that connects to and
works with the computer in some way
BUS-is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer or
between computers
EXPANSION CARDS-a circuit board that can be inserted in a computer to give extra facilities
or memory
POWER SUPPLY UNIT-converts mains AC to low voltage regulated DC power for the internal
components of a computer
OPTICAL DISK DRIVE-is a disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves within or
near the visible light spectrum as part of the proves of reading or writing data to or from optical
disks
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT-is the abbreviation for central processing unit
SOFTWARE-the programs and other operating information used by a computer
OPERATING SYSTEM-the software that supports a computers basic function such as
scheduling tasks executing application and controlling peripherals
DRIVER-
PROGRAM
BOOTSTRAPPING
BIOS-is the program a personal computers microprocessor uses to get the computer system
started after you turn it on. Manages flow between computer operating system and attached
devices
COMMAND LINE-is the pscae to the right of the command prompt on an all text display mode
on computer monitor in which a user enters commands and data
ALGORITHM-a process or set of rules to be followed in calculation or other problem solving
operation especially by a computer
ANALOG-
APP- a self contained program or piece of software designed to fulfill a particular purpose
APPLICATION- a program or piece of software designed and written to fulfill a particular
purpose of the user
ARRAY-a series of objects all of which are the same size and type
BACKUP- refers to the copying and archiving of computer data so it may be used to restore the
original after a data loss event
BANDWIDTH –the range of frequencies within a given band, in particular that used for
transmitting a signal
BINARY-relating to using or expressed ina system of numerical notation that has 2 rather then
10 base
BIT-a unit of information expressed as either a 0 or 1 in binary notation
BITMAP-is a mapping from some domain to bits that is values which are zero or one
BYTE-a group of binary digits or bits
BLOG-a regularly updated website or wev page typically run by an individual or small group,
informal or conversational style
BLOGGER-a person who keeps a web log or publish an online diary
BOOKMARK-are called favorites in internet explorer. A link to a web address saved
electronically om a browser to facilitate quick access to the web page
BOOT
BROADBAND-a high capacity transmission technique using a wide range of frequencies which
enables a large number of messages to be commutated simultaneously
BROWSER- a program with a graphical user interface for displaying HTML files. Used to
navigate the world wide web
BUFFER-is a region of a physical memory storage used to temporarily store data while it is
being moved from one place to another
BUG-an error flaw failure in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect
or unexpected result
CACHE-to store data locally in order to speed up subsequent retrievals. Reserved areas of
memory in every computer that are used to speed up instruction execution, data retrieval and data
updating
CAPS LOCK-a keyboard key that toggles upper case on and off when on pressing any key
austomatically delivers the shifted version of the key except for numerals, periods, commas,
slashes, and backslashes
CAPTCHA- a program or system intened to distinguish human from machine input
CLIENT-piece of computer hardware or software that accesses a service made available by a
server
CLIP ART-simple pictures and symbols made available for computerusers to add to their
documents
CLIP BOARD-is a temporary stoage area for data that the user wants to opy from one place to
another
CLOUD COMPUTING-the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the internet
to store manage and process data rather than a local server
COMMAND-is an instruction given bt a user telling a computer to do something such as run a
single program or a group of linked programs
COMPILE-transforming of source code written in a programming language to another language
COMPRESS-the reencoding of data into a form that uses fewer bits of information than the
origianl
COMPUTER-an electronic device for storing and processing data typically in binary form
according to instruction given to it in a variable program
CONFIGURE- to design or adapt for some specific purpose
COOKIE-small text file created by a web site that is stored in the users computer either
temporarily or permanently. They are used by websites to recognize computers
COPY- making a duplicate of a file
DATA-the quantities character or symbols on which operation are performed by a computer
being stored and transmitted in the form of electronic signals and recorded on magnetic optical
or mechanical media
DATABASE- a structured set of data held in a computer especially one that is accessible in
various ways
DATA MINING-the practice of examining large databases in order to generate new information
DEBUG-identify and remove errors from computer hardware or software
DECOMPRESS-
DELETE-to remove or erase
DESKTOP- the working area of a computer screen regarded as representation of a notional
desktop containing icons representing item such as files and wastebasket
DEVELOPMENT-
DIGITAL-anything expressed by a computer as binary
DISK-an information storage device for a computer in the shape of a round flat plate
DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM-the system by which internet domain names and addresses are
trached and regulated
DOCUMENT-file created in a word processer
DOMAIN-defined by an IP address all devices sharing a common part of the ip address are said
to be in the same domain
DOMAIN NAME-the part of a network address that identifies it as belonging to particular
domain
DOWLOAD-copy data from one computer system to another typically over the internet
DRAG-moving screen icons
EMAIL-messages sent over the internet to specific users
EMOTICON-representation of a facial expression using icons
ENCRYPT-convert data into a way that only certain parties can read it
ENCRYPTION-the process of encoding messages or information I such a way that only
authorized parties can read it
ENTER-a keyboard key that tells the computer to input the lines of data or commands that have
just been typed
EXABYTE-one billion GB or one quintillion bytes
FILE-resource for storing information
FINDER- application that provides file management
FIREWALL- part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access
while permitting outward communication
FIRMWARE-permanent software programmed into a read only memory
FLAMING-posting or sending offensive messages over the internet
FLASH-vector graphic animation technology
FLASH DRIVE-small portable and replaceable electronic device used to store information
FLOPPY DISK-flexible removable magnetic disk typically encased in hard plastic used for
storing data
FLOWCHART-diagram of the sequence of movements or actions of people or things involved in
a complex system or activity
FOLDER-an icon on a computer screen that can be used to access a directory containing related
files or documents
FONT- a set of type of one particular face and size
FORMAT-organization style
GIGABYTE-1024 megabytes-
HACK-using a computer to gain unauthorized access
HACKER-someone who hacks
HARDWARE-the physical parts that make up a computer
HTML-hypertext markup language-standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font,
color graphic and hyperlink
HYPERLINK-link from a hypertext file or document to another location or ful typically
activated by clicking on a highlighted word or image on the screen
HYPERTEXT-software system that links topics on the screen to related information and
graphics which are typically accessed by a point click method
INTEGER-whole number
INTERFACE-a device or program enabling a user to communicate with another a computer
INTERNET-global communication network. Connects all computers around the world
IP ADDRESS- a unique string of numbers separated bt periods that identifies each computer
using the internet protocol to communicate over a network
ITERATION-new version of a piece of computer hardware or software
JAVA-general purpose computer programming language that is concurrent class based object
oriented and specifically designed to have as few implementations as possible
KERNEL-manages requests from software and translates them into data processing instructions
for the cental processing unit and other electronic components of the computer
LOGIC-sequence of operations performed by hardware or software
LURKING-reading or scanning an online conversation without interacting
MAINFRAME-computers mainly used for big companies for critical applications bulk data
processing etc
MACRO-large scale-a single instruction that expands automatically into a set of instructios to
perform a particular task
MALWARE-software intentionally designed to harm computers or computer systems
MEMORY-how much storage a computer has
MIRROR-web site or files that have been copied from one server to another so they can be
available from more than one place
MODEM-device that allows a computer to transmit data
MONITOR-display for a computer
MOTHERBOARD-circuit board containing the principle components of a computer or other
device
MOUSE-hand held input device that is moved about on a flat surface to direct the cursor on a
computer screen
MULTIMEDIA-using more than one medium of expression
OPEN SOURCE-software that can be freely used and modified by anyone
OPERATING SYSTEM-system on which a computer performs its basic functions
PATH-specifies a unique location in a directory
PHISHING-action of defrauding an online account
PIRACY-unauthorized use or reproduction or another work
PIRATE-someone who uses anothers work without authorization
PLATFORM-underlying computer system on which application programs can run
PLUG IN-extension software component that adds a specific feature to an existing software
application
PODCAST-a digital audio file on the internet for downloading to a computer or portable media
player
POP UP- forms of online advertising on the WWW intended to attract web traffic or capture
email addresses
PORTAL-one specially designed wb page that brings information together from diverse sources
in a uniform way
PROCESS-instance of a computer program
PROTOCOL-set of guidelines for implementing networking communicationsbetween computers
QUEUE-particular kind of abstract data type or collection in which the entities in the collection
are kept in order and principle operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear
terminal position
QWERTY-standard keyboard organization
REBOOT- to restart a computer
RESOLUTION-number of pixels contained on a display moniter
RESTORE-allowed user to restart their computer to a previous state without losing any files
ROM-read only memory-computer hardware that stores programs or data that cannot be
modified
ROOT-the user name or account that by default has access to all commands and files on a linux
or an unix like operating system
ROUTER-forwards data packets along networks
RUNTIME-time in which a program is executed
SCRIPT-a list of commands that can be executed without user interaction
SEARCH ENGINE-a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that
correspond to keywords and characters specified by the user
SECURITY-the protection of data, networks, and computing power
SERVER-a computer or computer program that manages access to a centralized resource or
service in a network
SHAREWARE-software that is available for free and often distributed informally for evaluation,
after which a fee may be requested for continued use
SHELL-a user interface for access to an operating system’s services; operating system shells use
either a command-line interface or graphical user interface, depending on the computer’s role
and operation
SPAM-the practice of sending large quantities of unwanted email messages, frequently with
commercial intent
SPAMMER-one who sends spam mail
SPREADSHEET-an electronic document in which data is arranged in the rows and columns of a
grid and can be manipulated and used in calculations
STATUS BAR-a horizontal bar, typically at the bottom of the screen or window, showing
information about a document being edited or a program running
STORAGE-a technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain
digital media a core function of a computer
SPYWARE-software that enables a user to obtain covert information about another’s computer
activities by transmitting data covertly from their hard drive
SUPERCOMPUTER-a computer that performs at or near the current highest operational rate for
computers
SURF-to browse the web for topics of interest
SYNTAX-the set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be a
correctly structured document or fragment
TERABYTE-a unit of information, equal to 1000 GB
TERMINAL-an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data
into, and displaying data from, a computer
TEXT EDITOR-a system or program that allows a user to edit text
THREAD-the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently
by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system
TROJAN HORSE-a program designed to breach the security of a computer system while
ostensibly performing some innocuous function
TYPEFACE-a particular design of type
UNIX-one of the first operating systems to be written in a high-level programming language
UPLOAD-to transfer data from one computer to another typically to one that is larger or more
remote than the user
USER INTERFACE-is everything designed into an information device with which a human
being may interact
USERNAME-an identification used bt a person with access to a computer network or online
services
URL-uniform resource identifier-the generic term for all types of names and addresses that refer
to objects on the WWW
UTILITY-system software designed to help analyze configure optimize or maintain a computer
VIRTUAL MEMORY-memory that appears to exist as main storage although most of it is
supported by data held in secondary storage
VIRUS-malware that when executed replicates by inserting copies of itself into other computer
programs data files or the bootsector of the hard drive
WIKI-a collaborative web site that comprises the work of several authors
WORD PROCESSOR-a program or machine for storing manipulating and formatting text
entered from a keyboard and providing printout
WORKSTATION-special computer designed for technical or scientific applications
WORM- a stand alone malware program that replicates itself in order to spread
WWW-world wide web-
XML-extensible markup language-defines a set of rules for encokding documents in a format
which is both human readable and machine readable
ZIP-a file that contains one or more files compressed into a zip format