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SEPT EXTREME- SCIENCE
Section 1
Read each question carefully. Choose the most suitable answer.
1. Which of the following is not an example of force?
A. Magnetic force
B. Spring force
C. Gravitational force
D. Illumination force
2. What is the unit of force?
A. Kelvin
B. Newton
C. Cubic meter
D. Pint
3. The following are true about forces, except:
A. A force can be a push or a pull.
B. It is not something you can see or touch.
C. A force usually results from an interaction.
D. Forces can be measured using a fathometer.
4. The Earth’s _____________ is responsible for deflecting the solar wind and charged
particles that come from the sun.
A. magnetic field
B. magma layer
C. lithosphere
D. oxygen layer
5. John is an ardent skydiver. He jumps out of an airplane and releases a parachute long
before he hits the ground. Which of the following explains the correlation between force
and the parachute?
A. Forces can make things speed up.
B. Forces can make things change direction.
C. Forces can make things slow down or stop.
D. Forces can make things change shape.
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Section 2
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
6. Study the diagram below and answer the following questions.
a. Eight large and several smaller tectonic plates make up the Earth’s crust. What is plate
tectonics?
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b. Name the layers labeled in the diagram above.
A: ___________________________________________________________________
B: ___________________________________________________________________
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c. Tectonic plate movements can result in earthquakes. Explain how earthquakes happen
in relation to force.
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d. Earthquakes are a common occurrence, rumbling below Earth's surface thousands of
times every day. What do you do when the ground starts shaking? State three ways to
stay safe during an earthquake.
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Answer Key
Section 1
1. D. Illumination force.
Tip: Magnets are objects that produce an area of magnetic force called a magnetic field. Magnetic
fields by themselves are invisible to the human eye.
2. B. Newton.
Tip: The unit of force is called the newton. It is represented by the symbol N. A force of 2N is
smaller that 7N.
3. D. Forces can be measured using a fathometer.
Tip: Forces are measured using a forcemeter. Force meters contain a spring connected to a
metal hook. The spring stretches when a force is applied to the hook. The bigger the force
applied, the longer the spring stretches and the bigger the reading.
4. A. Magnetic field.
Tip: The Earth's core is believed to be a mix (alloy) of iron and nickel, giving the Earth its
own magnetic field.
5. C. Forces can make things slow down or stop.
Tip: A parachute can make an object slow down because of air resistance.
Section 2
6. a. Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide
over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core. The plates act like a hard and rigid
shell compared to Earth's mantle.
b. A : Lithosphere
B : Asthenosphere
c. The plates along the surface of the earth move continuously and slowly past each other.
As the plates move they put forces on themselves and each other. When the force is large
enough, the crust is forced to break. When the break occurs, the stress is released as
energy which moves through the Earth in the form of waves, which results in an earthquake.
d. Drop down; take cover under a desk or table and hold on.
Stay indoors until the shaking stops and you're sure it's safe to exit.
Stay away from bookcases or furniture that can fall on you.
Stay away from windows. In a high-rise building, expect the fire alarms and sprinklers to go off
during a quake.
If you are in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow.
If you are outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings, trees, and power lines. Drop to the
ground.
If you are in a car, slow down and drive to a clear place. Stay in the car until the shaking stops.
(Accept any appropriate answers)
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