Download RocksSediMeta

Earth Rocks Science
& Minerals
Sedimentary &
Metamorphic Rocks
How are rocks classified
There are 3 types of rocks!
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Rocks are classified & identified
by …
how they
are formed.
Igneous Rocks
Igneous rock forms when hot, molten
rock (melted rock)
cools and hardens,
becoming solid.
The melting of
the rock
happens
deep within
the Earth.
Volcano Eruptions
Lava
is
magma
that has
erupted
from a
volcano
Lava
Magma – hot, molten rock
Igneous Rocks
Mount Rushmore in South Dakota is
made
of
granite.
Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary rock forms when layers of
sediment settle on top of one another and
harden over thousands, even millions of
years.
These little bits of our
earth are washed
downstream where they
settle to the bottom of the
rivers, lakes, and oceans.
Sedimentary Rock
These layers
are pressed
down more
and more
through time,
until the
bottom layers
slowly turn
into rock –
Sedimentary
Rock.
What is Sediment?
Sediment is made up of soil, shells, bits of
rocks, and the remains of dead plants and
animal matter.
Sedimentary Rock
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
Newer layers
press the
older layers.
Older layers
are on the
bottom.
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
Fossils in the older,
lower layers have
older fossils.
Scientists who study
the ages of rocks
also study things that
have lived on Earth in
the past by studying
fossils.
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
Mudstone
is used to
make
cement.
Conglomerate has
small gravel and
pebbles.
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
Limestone can form
from tiny bits of
shells and skeletons
of sea animals that
lived long ago.
Limestone is used to
make cement and
glass.
Fossils
Fossils
Crayfish
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
Shale is made of
very tiny clay
particles called
silt. Might contain
fossils.
Can find at the
bottom of lakes
or oceans.
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
Sandstone is
made of
sand
particles.
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
The
Grand
Canyon
Much of the Grand
Canyon is made of
red sandstone.
Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic rock forms heat and pressure
changes how the particles of a rock are
arranged forming
a whole new rock.
Metamorphic rock
can come from
igneous,
sedimentary,
or metamorphic
rocks.
Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic means “change of form.”
Heat and pressure causes the mineral
crystals in the rock to change.
With heat and pressure:
limestone
becomes
marble.
Metamorphic Rock
The Taj
Majal in
India is
made out
of marble.
Metamorphic Rock
With heat and pressure:
granite
becomes
gneiss
Metamorphic Rock
With heat and pressure:
shale
becomes
slate
All About Rocks!
Let’s Review …
There are 3 types of rocks!
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Good Web Links
Geology for Kids
All about volcanos
Go to our class website
for this powerpoint
and even MORE web links.