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CAT 9 TEST REVIEW 1. The main religion practiced in North Africa/Southwest Asia is: Islam 2. The populations that live across the deserts of SW Asia/N. Africa are characterized how? They move to find resources that are thinly dispersed across a vast area 3. Conflicts, some violent, in SW Asia, are mainly about what? The many different religions and ethnic groups 4. What is the large physical feature in N. Africa causing limited movement by the people who live there? Sahara Desert 5. What is OPEC? It manages oil supply in an effort to set the price of oil in the world market 6. What does OPEC stand for? Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 7. Why is Saudi Arabia/Arabian Peninsula so important to many people around the world? Religious sites, oil resources, petroleum reserves 8. What is desertification? Human and natural impacts on the land; it is a process in which land loses its fertility because of droughts and over grazing of animals 9. What are 3 monotheistic religions (belief in 1 God) that recognize Jerusalem as its holy city? Judaism; Islam; Christianity 10.What country produces the most oil? Saudi Arabia 11.List 5 countries in North Africa: Algeria; Libya; Egypt; Morocco; Sudan 12.List 5 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa: Kenya; South Africa; Congo; Zambia; Madagascar 13.Who was Nelson Mandela? First black president of South Africa; helped to end apartheid; he made legal discrimination on the basis of race come to an end 14.What was apartheid? A system set up in South Africa in 1948 that separated whites from non-whites; no-whites had hardly any rights and freedoms 15.The boy named Djibrilla from Niger is part of a NOMADIC tribe called the Tuaregs. 16.Explain the meaning of the type of tribe in #16. They move around a lot, taking all belongings with them 17.Why are many large cities built along waterways? TRADE WAS EASIER 18.Who was Mohandas Gandhi and what is something he did NOT believe in? fought for freedom in India from Great Britain; he did NOT believe in violence; encouraged people to practice civil disobedience 19.How did desertification begin in the Sahel? Cutting down trees; livestock grazing; demands on the land (farming, etc.) 20.What is an industrialized country? Give an example. A country with a lot of manufacturing; USA 21.What is the largest African mammal? elephant 22.What is a township? Neighborhoods outside cities in South Africa 23.Why is Australia linked to another country’s monarch? It was originally used in prison colonies by the British 24.What country has a great influence on Australia and New Zealand? Great Britain 25.What is the least densely populated part of Australia? Why? Interior area because the climate is hot and dry so it’s hard to farm; it is mainly desert 26.What economic activities are possible in Australia and New Zealand? Farming, fishing, mining 27.The main language of Australia is English. 28.The inland regions of Australia are called the outback. 29.Tourist attraction off of the NE coast of Australia: The Great Barrier Reef 30.What makes up the Pacific Realm? Thousands of small islands and coral reefs 31.Tourism in Oceania is good for the economy but how is it bad? Causes damage to coral reefs 32.What are the 2 kinds of Pacific islands and how are each of them formed? Low islands-from skeletons of millions of tiny sea creatures; High islandsvolcanic cones push up from under water 33.What threatens the coral reefs? Warm water, pollution, over-fishing 34.What is the capital of Australia? Canberra 35.What is the capital of New Zealand? Wellington. 36.Australia is divided into 6 states and 2 territories. 37.What takes up nearly 1/5 of Australia’s land mass? deserts 38.New Zealand is made up of 2 large islands. 39.What are the main crops of Oceania? Bananas, sugar cane, yams 40.Why has the Great Barrier Reef become a national park? To protect it from tourists harming it 41.Why the Great Barrier Reef is called “the rain forest of the sea”? many plant and animal species live there 42.Describe Australia’s wild life. It is home to the most unique and diverse animals on the planet, such as kangaroos. 43.Who are the Aborigines? Descendants of the first people to come to Australia 44.Who are the Maoris? The original people who settled in New Zealand 45.Where in Antarctica would you find most living things? Along the coast 46.Why do scientists come to Antarctica? To study the plants, animals, and resources there 47.What are your summer plans? Whatever they are, be safe and enjoy!