Download Basic Cardiovascular Therapy

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Storyboard Document
Project Name: Company Basic Training
Course Name:
Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and
Company Cardiovascular Products
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Table of Contents
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
1.1
Welcome
1.2
Introduction
1.3
Course Goals and Objectives
1.4
Course Details
2.1
Module 1 Introduction
2.2
Module Objectives
2.3
Types and prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
2.4
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
2.9
Endovascular Disease
2.10
Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11
Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.12
Module 1 Summary
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Course Name: Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and Product Overview
Topic Name: Introduction
1.1
Welcome
Objective: Launch/Start the course.
Page # 1
Audio Script
Word Count: 48
Onscreen text
Welcome to Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and
Company Cardiovascular Products
Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and
Company Cardiovascular Products
This is an audio-driven course. Please keep the
audio switched on to optimize your learning
experience.
This is an audio-driven course. Please keep the
audio switched on to optimize your learning
experience.
You can click the Help button at any time to access
information on the navigational features in the
module.
Click Help at any time for navigation features.
Click Next to continue.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Display the course name Basic Cardiovascular
Therapy and Company Cardiovascular Products
Overview as animated text along with the Company
logo.
On transition, the screen moves into the course
introduction.
Highlight Next button
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Course Name: Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and Product Overview
Topic Name: Introduction
1.2
Introduction
Objective: Introduce the course to the learner.
Page # 2
Audio Script
Word Count: 86
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
This course consists of two modules. Module 1 will
help you develop a fundamental understanding of
cardiovascular disease and its treatment. Module
two will introduce you to Company’s products and
help you understand why we make vascular devices
and what they mean to our patients.
Dissolve to photo of doctor in discussion with patient
The course will help you identify basic coronary and
peripheral vascular anatomy and recognize signs
and symptoms associated with coronary and
peripheral vascular disease. It will also help you
understand how Company products are used in the
treatment of these diseases
Dissolve to illustration of the circulatory system
Dissolve to photo of Company’s products
Dissolve to photo of cath lab
On transition, the screen moves to the course
objectives
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Course Name: Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and Product Overview
Topic Name: Goals and Objectives
1.3
Course Goals and Objectives
Objective: List the course goals and objectives.
Page # 3
Audio Script
Word Count: 98
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
This is a basic course on the fundamentals of
cardiovascular disease and diagnosis, and the
Company products that are used to treat it. It is
appropriate and recommended for a broad range of
Company employees in various roles in different
areas of the company.
Fade up to photo of doctor in conversation with
patient
The course uses photographs, illustrations,
animation and interactive activities to assist you in
learning.
Dissolve to collage of photos and illustrations from
the course
Dissolve to photo of Company manufacturing facility
Fade under and super titles as called by narrator to
build a list of objectives
After successfully completing the course, you will be
able to:
After successfully completing the course, you will be
able to:
•
Identify basic Coronary and Peripheral
Vascular Anatomy
•
Identify basic Coronary and Peripheral
Vascular Anatomy
•
Recognize signs and symptoms associated
with coronary and peripheral vascular
disease
•
Recognize signs and symptoms associated
with coronary and peripheral vascular
disease
•
Understand how Company products are
used in the treatment of these diseases
•
Understand how Company products are
used in the treatment of these diseases
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Course Name: Basic Cardiovascular Therapy and Product Overview
Topic Name: Course Details
1.4
Course Details
Objective: Explain the course details.
Page # 4
Audio Script
Word Count: 124
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Let’s briefly look at the course details.
This course will take you about two hours to
complete. The modules may be completed
separately.
The course is divided into two modules and each
module contains multiple lessons.
Show the picture of the face of a clock to depict
time.
Course Æ Module Æ Lesson
Show a flowchart depicting the course structure and
also highlight the relevant parts of this structure, in
sync with the audio.
Dissolve to illustration of heart
Important concepts are explained with detailed
discussions of the topic supported by photographs,
animation, graphics, and interactivities.
At the end of each lesson, an interactive knowledge
check will help you gauge your understanding of the
concepts covered. You will have to complete a
scored assessment at the end of the course with a
score of 80 percent or higher. You may review the
course material and take the test as many times as
necessary to achieve a successful score.
For a walkthrough of the course interface, click
Help.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
•
•
•
•
•
Photos
Illustrations
Animation
Graphics
Interactivities
Fade under and build list as called by narrator
Drop titles and build new list as called by narrator
Assessment:
• Passing score = 80 percent or higher
• Unlimited course review
• Unlimited testing
For a walkthrough of the course interface, click
Help.
Highlight the Help button in the interface
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Topic Name: Introduction
2.1
Module Introduction
Objective: Introduce the module to the learner.
Page # 5
Audio Script
Word Count: 64
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to medium shot of cath lab.
Module One is an introduction to the basics of
cardiovascular disease and therapy. It explains the
types of cardiovascular disease and its prevalence
in the U.S. and around the world. It explores the
heart and the vascular anatomy, the risk factors for
cardiovascular disease, tools for diagnosing
cardiovascular disease, and gives an overview of
the medical, percutaneous and surgical therapies
used to treat it.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
•
•
•
•
•
•
Types of cardiovascular disease
Prevalence in U.S. and worldwide
Heart and vascular anatomy
Risk factors
Diagnosis
Treatment
Fade under and super titles as called
Drop titles
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Topic Name: Module Objectives
2.2
Module Objectives
Objective: List the module objectives.
Page # 6
Audio Script
Word Count: 61
Onscreen text
After successfully completing this module, you will
be able to:
After successfully completing this module, you will
be able to:
• Discuss the types and prevalence of
cardiovascular disease
• Recognize the risk factors for cardiovascular
disease
cardiovascular disease
• Recognize the risk factors for cardiovascular
disease
• Explain cardiovascular circulation
• Describe the vascular disease process
• Describe the vascular disease process
• Define coronary disease and how it manifests
• Define coronary disease and how it manifests
• Define endovascular disease and how it
• Define endovascular disease and how it
• Review the tests used to diagnose
cardiovascular disease
• Discuss the treatment of cardiovascular
disease
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Build bulleted list as called by narrator
• Discuss the types and prevalence of
• Explain cardiovascular circulation
manifests
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
manifests
• Review the tests used to diagnose
cardiovascular disease
• Discuss the treatment of cardiovascular
disease
Highlight Next to continue.
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
2.3
Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the types and prevalence of cardiovascular disease
Page #7
Word Count: 137
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to angiograms of carotid, coronary,
abdominal and iliac arteries
Cardiovascular disease, or CVD, is a class of
diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels. It
includes Coronary Artery Disease, or CAD, and
Peripheral Vascular Disease, or PVD. Peripheral
vascular disease is also known as peripheral artery
disease, or PAD
CVD
CAD
Cardiovascular Disease
Coronary Artery Disease
PVD
Peripheral Vascular Disease
(Also known as Peripheral Artery
Disease or PAD)
Super titles as called.
Dissolve to photo or illustration of atherosclerotic
artery
Coronary artery disease is the result of the
accumulation and swelling of cholesterol, fat,
calcium and fibrous tissues in plaques within the
walls of the arteries that supply the heart with
oxygen and nutrients. It is the number one killer of
1
men and women in the United States. The death
rate is higher for men, especially between the ages
of 35 and 55. After age 55, the death rate declines
for men but continues to climb for women. After age
70 to 75, the death rate for women is higher than for
2
men of the same age.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo of middle aged man
Dissolve to photo of older women
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
2.3
Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the types and prevalence of cardiovascular disease
Page # 8
Word Count: 168
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Peripheral vascular disease is a general term that
refers to all diseases caused by the obstruction of
large peripheral arteries in the body, which can
result from atherosclerosis, or hardening of the
arteries, inflammatory processes that lead to
occlusion, an embolism or a thrombus formation.
Occlusion is narrowing of an artery. An embolism is
an object that travels in the bloodstream and
attaches at some point to cause a blockage. A
thrombus is a blood clot that forms in the vessel and
3
causes a blockage.
Dissolve to illustration of the peripheral arteries in a
transparent body
Mortality data show that cardiovascular disease was
the direct cause of death in 34.3 percent of all
deaths in 2006, or one of every 2.9 deaths in the
United States. Among cardiovascular deaths, the
most common specific cause was coronary heart
disease, which affects arteries of the heart. It was
responsible for over half of total cardiovascular
mortality. Strokes were responsible for 17 percent
of all cardiovascular deaths, and heart failure and
hypertension were each responsible for 7 percent of
4
cardiovascular mortality.
Dissolve to pie chart showing CVD mortality (update
to values listed in narrative)
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo or illustration of a blood clot
occluding an artery
Highlight CHD when called
Highlight stroke when called
Highlight heart failure and hypertension when called
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
2.3
Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the types and prevalence of cardiovascular disease
Page # 9
Word Count: 88
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Cardiovascular disease is also the leading cause of
death worldwide. In 2004, Coronary heart disease
accounted for 7.2 million deaths worldwide and
stroke accounted for 5.5 million, for a total of 18
percent of worldwide mortality from disease. It
accounted for more deaths than HIV, malaria and
5
tuberculosis combined.
Dissolve to pie chart showing worldwide CVD
mortality
Peripheral vascular disease affects approximately 8
to 12 million Americans.6 It is common among older
people because it often results from atherosclerosis,
which becomes more common as people age. It
7
may affect 15 to 20% of people over 70.
Dissolve to photo of older men and women
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Highlight CHD when called
Highlight Stroke when called
Highlight HIV, Malaria and TB when called
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
2.3
Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the types and prevalence of cardiovascular disease
Page # 10
Word Count: 103
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Interactivity
Animation / Interactivity
Check your knowledge about cardiovascular
disease
This is a list of cardiovascular diseases that resulted
in deaths in the US in 2006. Drag the name of a
disease to the section with the percentage of deaths
caused by that disease to correctly label the chart.
COMPLETION FEEDBACK:
That’s right. Cardiovascular disease is the number
one killer of men and women in the US. Coronary
heart disease was the cause of over half the total,
followed by stroke, high blood pressure, heart failure
and diseases of the arteries. A group of less
common causes like congenital heart defects and
rheumatic heart disease comprise the Other
category.
Coronary Heart Disease
Other
Stroke
High Blood Pressure
Heart Failure
Diseases of the Arteries
Create a pie chart similar to this with the
percentages of deaths in the appropriate sections.
and a list of the diseases to the left.
Let the user drag and drop the names of the
diseases to the chart. If they drag to the correct
section/percent, the name snaps in place. If they
drag to the incorrect section/percent, the name
snaps back to the list. Allow as many tries as
necessary to get all the labels correct
Highlight Click to Continue
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
2.3
Types and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the types and prevalence of cardiovascular disease
Page # 11
Word Count: ##
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Interactivity
Animation / Interactivity
Correct Answers:
Coronary Heart Disease
Stroke
High Blood Pressure
Heart Failure
Diseases of the arteries
Other
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
51%
17%
7%
7%
4%
14%
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
2.4 Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Page # 12
Word Count: 114
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Fade up to photo of cath lab with procedure
underway
Cardiovascular disease is a significant worldwide
health problem. Research is providing advances in
diagnosis, treatment, and the identification of risk
factors that can indicate whether a person may have
or may develop cardiovascular disease.
The Interheart study, a standardized case-control
study conducted in 52 countries, identified nine
modifiable risk factors that account for over 90
percent of the risk of a first heart attack. The risk
factors are consistent for both men and women
across different geographic regions and ethnic
groups. They are: abnormal lipid levels, cigarette
smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, abdominal
obesity, lack of physical activity, low daily intake of
fruits and vegetables, alcohol overconsumption,
and psychosocial index, or stress and/or
8
depression.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Modifiable Risk Factors
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Abnormal lipid levels,
Cigarette smoking
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Abdominal obesity
Lack of physical activity
Low daily intake of fruits and vegetables
Alcohol overconsumption
Psychosocial index (or stress and/or
depression)
Dissolve to photo of person smoking cigarette
Dissolve to photo of overweight individual
Dissolve to outline map of the world
Super titles as called
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
2.4 Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Page # 13
Word Count: 179
Audio Script
Onscreen text
The first five risk factors are major risk factors and
they account for about 80 percent of risk. Having
abnormal lipid levels is a significant risk factor.
Having a total cholesterol level of less than 200 is
desirable, but elevated LDL levels are the primary
target of therapy. Having an LDL level below 100 is
optimal and the higher it rises the greater the risk.
An HDL level of less than 40 is a risk factor, for but
higher HDL levels actually lower your risk. 9
Dissolve to lipid panel
Highlight total cholesterol level
Highlight LDL cholesterol level
Highlight HDL cholesterol level
Dissolve to photo of individual smoking cigarette
Smoking more than doubles the risk of developing
CAD and having a heart attack. Secondhand
smoke also seems to increase risk. 10
High blood pressure is defined as having a blood
pressure reading of 140 over 90 or higher; taking a
hypertensive medicine; or, having been told at least
twice by a physician or health care provider that you
have high blood pressure. 11
Good control of diabetes lessens the risk of some
complications of diabetes. Although the results are
less clear, control of diabetes may also reduce the
12
risk of CAD.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
High Blood Pressure
• 140/90 mmHg
• Taking hypertensive medications
• Informed at least twice
Dissolve to photo of blood pressure test being
administered
Super titles as called by narrator
Dissolve to photo of individual taking blood sugar
reading
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
2.4 Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Page # 14
Word Count: 130
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Abdominal obesity is defined as a waist
circumference of 35 inches or greater in women and
13
40 inches or greater in men.
Abdominal Obesity
Dissolve to photo of obese man and woman
Women ≥ 35 inches
Men
≥ 40 inches
Super titles as called by narrator
Overweight and obesity are also associated with
insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome, an emerging risk factor, is a
constellation of several risk factors including low
HDL, increased triglycerides, insulin resistance,
hypertension and abdominal obesity. These five
factors constitute a metabolic syndrome that will
increase the risk of cardiovascular events. 14
Non-modifiable risk factors include being a male
over the age of 45 or a female over the age of 55. A
family history that includes heart disease diagnosed
in a father or brother at age 55 or younger, or in a
mother or sister at age 65 or younger, is also a risk
15
factor.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Metabolic Syndrome
•
•
•
•
•
Drop titles and build new list as called
Low HDL
Increased triglycerides
Insulin resistance
Hypertension
Abdominal obesity
Dissolve to photo of middle aged couple
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
•
•
•
•
Male over 45
Female over 55
CHD in father or brother under 55
CHD in mother of sister under 65
Drop titles
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
2.4 Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Page # 15
Word Count: 95
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
The lifetime risk of developing coronary heart
disease after age 40 is 49 percent for men and 32
percent for women. The incidence of coronary heart
disease in women lags behind men by 10 years for
total CHD and by 20 yrs for more serious clinical
17
events such as heart attack and sudden death.
Some families have a higher than normal genetic
risk of heart attack and stroke, and African
Americans are more likely to have high blood
pressure than Caucasians. They tend to have
strokes earlier in life and with more severe
results. 17
Dissolve to photo of older couple
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo of African American family
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
2.4 Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Page # 16
Word Count: 103
Audio Script
Onscreen text
There are a number of risk factors for
cardiovascular disease. Some are modifiable and
others are not. Select the modifiable risk factors
from the list on the left and build a list of them under
the heading on the right.
CORRECT FEEDBACK:
That’s right. You successfully identified the
modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Modifiable risk factors are those that can be
changed by behavioral changes or treatment.
FIRST INCORRECT FEEDBACK:
Not quite. Try again.
SECOND INCORRECT FEEDBACK:
Sorry, that’s still not correct. Try again.
THIRD INCORRECT FEEDBACK:
Sorry. Here’s the list of modifiable risk factors for
cardiovascular disease. Remember, modifiable risk
factors are those that can be changed by behavioral
changes or treatment.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Abnormal lipid levels,
Cigarette smoking
CHD in father or brother
under 55
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Female over 65
Abdominal obesity
Rheumatic fever
Lack of physical activity
Male over 45
Low daily intake of fruits
and vegetables
Alcohol overconsumption
CHD in mother of sister
under 65
Genetic predisposition
Psychosocial index (or
stress and/or depression)
Congenital heart defect
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Multiple Choice Interactivity
Animation / Interactivity
Modifiable Risk
Factors
Create a screen with a list of risk factors for
cardiovascular disease on the left and a header on
the right for Modifiable Risk Factors.
Let the user build a list from any number of the titles
in the list. When they click Submit, play either the
correct or incorrect feedback.
Correct answers:
Abnormal lipid levels,
Cigarette smoking
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Abdominal obesity
Lack of physical activity
Low daily intake of fruits and vegetables
Alcohol overconsumption
Psychosocial index (or stress and/or depression)
Submit
Highlight Click Next to Continuer
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Cardiovascular Circulation
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
Objective: Explain Cardiovascular Circulation
Page # 17
Audio Script
The circulatory system is an organ system including
the blood, blood vessels and the heart that passes
nutrients, gases, hormones, blood cells and
metabolic waste products to and from cells in the
body. Blood vessels are tube shaped conduits
through which blood is distributed to body tissues.
They include arteries, veins and capillaries.
Word Count: 161
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to illustration of the circulatory system in
transparent body
•
•
•
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Dissolve to cutaway view of blood vessel with
platelets visible
Super titles as called
Arteries are flexible, thick walled vessels that carry
blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Blood
passes from the arteries into the capillaries, the
smallest blood vessels, which are only one cell
thick, and are so narrow they have the diameter of a
single blood cell. In the capillaries, oxygen rich
blood transfers nutrients to the cells and absorbs
carbon dioxide and waste products for transport to
the lungs and kidneys for elimination. Blood flows
from the capillaries to the veins, which are thin, low
pressure vessels that return blood to the heart.
Many veins have valves to maintain blood flow in a
18
single direction.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to illustration of artery
Dissolve to illustration of capillary
Animate arrows going into and out of capillary
Dissolve to illustration of vein with valves visible
Highlight valves as called
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Cardiovascular Circulation
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
Objective: Explain Cardiovascular Circulation
Page # 18
Audio Script
Word Count: 176
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Dissolve to conceptual illustration showing blood
flow from arteries to capillaries to veins
Blood flow refers to this movement of blood through
the vessels from the arteries to the capillaries and
into the veins. Pressure is a measure of the force
that the blood exerts against the vessel walls as it
moves blood through the vessels. Blood flows in
the direction of decreasing pressure from arteries, to
19
capillaries to veins.
Dissolve to illustration of circulatory system in
transparent body
Circulation is referred to as pulmonary, systemic
and coronary. Pulmonary circulation is the flow of
blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the
heart. Systemic circulation is the flow of blood from
the heart to the rest of the tissues in the body,
except to the heart. The heart has its own
circulation called the coronary circulation that is the
flow of blood through the tissues of the heart. 20
Pulmonary
Heart to lungs to heart
Super titles as called
Systemic
Heart to body
Coronary
Through heart tissues
Drop titles
Dissolve to CU illustration of heart - exterior
The heart is a muscular pump that moves blood
through the vessels. The right side of the heart
collects de-oxygenated blood from the body and
sends it to the lungs. The left side collects
oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it to the
body.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Cardiovascular Circulation
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
Objective: Explain Cardiovascular Circulation
Page # 19
Audio Script
Deoxygenated blood flows into the right atrium from
the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava.
When the atrium contracts, blood travels through
the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. When the
ventricle contracts, blood flows through the
pulmonary valve into the pulmonary arteries and to
the lungs where the blood is re-oxygenated.
Word Count: 127
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Dissolve to cutaway view of heart similar to this
example, with all parts labeled
Highlight vessels, atria, ventricles and valves as
called
Oxygen rich blood flows back to the heart via the
pulmonary veins and enters the left atrium. When
the left atrium contracts, blood flows through the
mitral valve into the left ventricle. When the left
ventricle contracts, blood is forced through the aortic
valve into the aorta and the systemic circulation.
The right and left chamber activities happen
simultaneously, so blood is continuously being sent
21
to the lungs or to the systemic circulation.
Graphic from Radio Sai
http://media.radiosai.org/Journals/Vol_04/01AUG06/amita.htm
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Cardiovascular Circulation
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
Objective: Explain Cardiovascular Circulation
Page # 20
Audio Script
Word Count: 44
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Label
Animation / Interactivity
Check your knowledge of the anatomy of the heart
and the major vessels in the circulation. Drag the
names from the list to correctly label the illustration.
FEEDBACK:
Congratulations! You have successfully identified
the parts of the heart and the major vessels of the
circulation.
Right Atrium
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava.
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Valves
Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Veins
Left Atrium
Mitral Valve
Left Ventricle
Aortic Valve
2
Aorta
Create an unlabeled illustration of the heart similar
to this example without directional arrows. Allow
user to drag labels from list to label the heart
anatomy. If they drag a label to a correct location,
snap the label in place. If they drag a label to an
incorrect location, snap the label back to the list.
Let the exercise continue until the illustration is
labeled correctly, then play feedback.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Cardiovascular Circulation
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
Objective: Explain Cardiovascular Circulation
Page # 21
Audio Script
Now that you have successfully identified the
anatomy of the heart, check your knowledge of
blood flow through the heart. Drag the names from
the list to fill in the blanks and complete the
description.
Word Count: 48
Onscreen text
2
Aorta
Mitral Valve
Pulmonary Arteries
Superior Vena Cava
Tricuspid Valve
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Valves
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Fill in the Blank
Animation / Interactivity
Right Atrium
Inferior Vena Cava.
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Veins
Left Ventricle
Aortic Valve
Deoxygenated blood flows from the
FEEDBACK:
_______________ and _____________ into
the_____________ and through the ____
Congratulations! You have successfully explained
the path of blood flow through the heart.
__________ into the __________ then through the
_____________ into the _______________ and to
the lungs where the blood is re-oxygenated.
Oxygen rich blood flows back to the heart via the
_________________ into the _________________
and through the ________________ into the
_________________, then through the
_________________ into the __________ and the
systemic circulation.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Create a correctly labeled illustration of the heart
similar to this example, without directional arrows.
Allow the user to view the illustration while
completing the exercise. Allow user to drag names
into blanks to complete the flow path. If they drag a
name to a correct blank, snap the name in place. If
they drag a name to an incorrect blank, snap the
name back to the list. Let the exercise continue
until the illustration is labeled correctly, then play
feedback.
Highlight Click Next to Continue
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Cardiovascular Circulation
2.5
Cardiovascular Circulation
Objective: Explain Cardiovascular Circulation
Page # 22
Audio Script
Word Count: 0
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Correct Answer:
Deoxygenated blood flows from the superior vena
cava and inferior vena cava into the right atrium
and through the tricuspid valve into the right
ventricle, then through the pulmonary valve into
the pulmonary arteries and to the lungs where the
blood is re-oxygenated.
Oxygen rich blood flows back to the heart via the
pulmonary veins into the left atrium and through
the mitral valve into the left ventricle, then through
the aortic valve into the aorta and the systemic
circulation.
Note: Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
are correct in either position.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
Objective: Describe the vascular disease process
Page # 23
Word Count: 176
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Coronary and endovascular diseases are a class of
diseases stemming from atherosclerosis, commonly
referred to as hardening of the arteries. Structural
heart defects occur rarely and most often are not
problematic, but cardiovascular disease can make
them more prominent over time.
Atherosclerosis is a slow progressive disease of the
human vasculature in which fatty material is
deposited in the vessel wall causing a narrowing, or
stenosis, and eventual impairment of blood flow.
The process is of unknown origin and could start in
childhood. It progresses rapidly in the 30’s and
usually becomes threatening when subjects reach
their 50s or 60s.
Deposits in the vessels are lesions called
athheromas or atherosclerotic plaques and they can
be focal, occurring in a specific area of the vessel,
or diffuse, affecting a large portion of the vessel
throughout its length. If a lesion contains calcium, it
indicates the later stages of atherosclerosis.
Calcified lesions cause the vessel to stiffen and
become inflexible. Over time, the plaque may
progress to the point that it completely occludes
22
blood flow through the vessel.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to cutaway view of artery
Animate gradual atherosclerosis building to occlude
the vessel
Dissolve to CU of photo or illustration of focal
atheromatic lesion
Dissolve to photo or illustration of diffuse
atheromatic lesion
Dissolve to photo or illustration of blocked vessel
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
Objective: Describe the vascular disease process
Page # 24
Word Count: 153
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
When plaques grow into the opening of an artery
and cause it to narrow, the tissues supplied by the
23
artery may not receive enough blood and oxygen.
And as the diameter of the vessel gets smaller, the
blood pressure will get higher as blood flows
through the narrower opening and causes
hypertension. Only about 50 percent of people
affected by hypertension experience any physical
symptoms and it is often referred to as the silent
killer. 24
Dissolve to cutaway view of artery
The lesions can rupture and expose the material
inside to the blood stream and trigger clot formation,
or thrombus, which can suddenly block all blood
flow through the artery. This is the main cause of
heart attack or stroke. Sometimes the clots break
off, travel to other parts of the body, and block an
artery in a new location. Pieces of the plaque can
also break off and travel in the bloodstream to block
an artery elsewhere. 25
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Animate the artery slowly occluding
Animate arrows against the vessel wall to show
higher pressure
Dissolve to CU of illustration atheromatic lesion
Animate rupture and clot formation
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
Objective: Describe the vascular disease process
Page # 25
Word Count: 105
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Coronary disease refers to disease in the arteries of
the heart. Endovascular disease refers to disease
in arteries outside the heart including the carotid
arteries, upper extremity arteries, abdominal
arteries, pelvic arteries and lower extremity arteries.
The aortic arch is a part of the aorta, the largest
blood vessel in the body. It is connected to the heart
and has branches which send blood to the head,
26
neck and arms.
Illustration of circulatory system in transparent body
Highlight heart as called
Highlight arteries as called
Fade under and build list of titles as called
Global vascular disease includes coronary heart
disease, cerebrovascular disease, renal artery
stenosis and peripheral artery disease. All of these
diseases have similar risk factors and similar
pathophysiology. All lead to ischemic
manifestations and adverse outcomes. 27
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Global Vascular Disease
• Coronary Heart Disease
• Cerebrovascular Disease
• Renal Artery Stenosis
• Peripheral Artery Disease
CHD
CBVD
RAS
PAD
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
Objective: Describe the vascular disease process
Page # 26
Word Count: 84
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Check your knowledge of coronary and
endovascular disease with these true false
questions.
Correct Feedback: That’s right. Atherosclerosis
causes a gradual narrowing and hardening of the
arteries.
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False
Animation / Interactivity
Create a true false interactivity with feedback
reinforcement of topics in the lesson.
Coronary and endovascular diseases are a class of
diseases stemming from atherosclerosis.
True
Correct answer is True
False
Incorrect Feedback: Coronary and endovascular
diseases do stem from atherosclerosis which
causes a gradual narrowing and hardening of the
arteries
Correct Feedback: That’s correct. Atherosclerotic
plaques can occur in a specific area or affect a large
part of the vessel throughout its length.
Atherosclerotic plaques always occur at a specific
point in the vessel.
True
Correct answer is False
False
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, atherosclerotic
plaques can occur in a specific area or affect a large
part of the vessel throughout its length.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
Objective: Describe the vascular disease process
Page # 27
Word Count: 80
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False
Animation / Interactivity
Correct Feedback: That’s right. Only about 50
percent of people affected by hypertension
experience any physical symptoms.
Correct answer is False
High blood pressure has symptoms that are
immediately evident and easily diagnosed.
True
False
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, only about 50
percent of people affected by hypertension
experience any physical symptoms
Correct Feedback: That’s correct. Lesions can
rupture and trigger clot formation, or thrombus,
which can suddenly block all blood flow through the
artery and cause a heart attack.
The most common cause of heart attack is a blood
clot caused by a ruptured lesion.
True
Correct answer is True
False
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, lesions can rupture
and trigger clot formation, or thrombus, which can
suddenly block all blood flow through the artery and
cause a heart attack.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary and Endovascular Disease
2.6
Coronary and Endovascular Disease
Objective: Describe the vascular disease process
Page # 28
Word Count: 45
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False
Animation / Interactivity
Correct Feedback: That’s correct. Endovascular
disease refers to disease in arteries outside the
heart. Coronary disease refers to disease in the
arteries of the heart.
Correct answer is False
Endovascular disease is disease in arteries
anywhere in the body including the heart.
True
False
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, endovascular
disease refers to disease in arteries outside the
heart. Coronary disease refers to disease in the
arteries of the heart.
Highlight Click Next to Continue
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
Objective: Explain coronary disease and how it manifests
Page # 29
Word Count: 151
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Coronary disease is a class of diseases that affect
the heart. The heart is divided into two halves
28
separated by the septum, a thick muscular wall.
Heart tissue is primarily muscle tissue and the wall
of the left ventricle is thicker due to the greater
ejection force needed to pump blood into the
29
systemic circulation.
Fade up to illustration of heart showing muscle
tissue
The ascending aorta arises from the left ventricle of
the heart and arches up and backward. The
descending aorta extends down through the thorax
and the diaphragm into the abdomen. 30 Five
critical vessels arise from the aortic arch, including
the right and left coronary arteries which are the
blood supply source for coronary circulation, the
brachiocephalic (or inominate) artery, the left carotid
artery and the left subclavian artery. The
brachiocephalic artery gives rise to the right
subclavian and carotid arteries. These are the key
vessels for the head, neck and upper trunk
31
circulation.
Dissolve to CU of aorta anatomy (create more
realistic version of this graphic)
Highlight septum when called
Highlight left ventricle when called
Highlight each vessel as called, including ascending
and descending aorta and aortic arch
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
Objective: Explain coronary disease and how it manifests
Page # 30
Word Count: 179
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Dissolve to illustration of coronary arteries
Coronary artery disease is a condition in which
blood flow to the heart muscle is partially or
completely blocked. The arteries of the cardiac
circulation provide oxygen rich blood to the heart.
The right coronary artery and the left coronary artery
branch off the aorta as it leaves the heart to deliver
oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. These two
arteries branch into other arteries, including the
circumflex artery, the marginal artery and the left
anterior descending artery, that also supply blood to
the heart. The coronary arteries can become
partially or totally blocked by atherosclerotic plaque
32
that can result in chest pain or heart attack.
Angina is pain in the chest that occurs when the
demand for oxygen is greater than the available
supply of oxygen to the heart. Stable angina occurs
upon exertion and subsides after resting. It is
related to situations where the body undergoes
physical stress and it is predictable. When the
patient exerts himself, he will experience pain.
Unstable angina is pre-infarction angina and is less
predictable. It can even occur at rest. 33
Dissolve to illustration of blocked artery
Stable Angina
Occurs with exertion
Predictable
Unstable Angina
Pre-infarction angina
Less predictable
Dissolve to photo of individual suffering angina
attack
Super titles as called
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
Objective: Explain coronary disease and how it manifests
Page # 31
Word Count: 149
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Prinzmetal’s angina, also known as variant angina,
is a relatively rare syndrome that typically presents
as angina at rest that occurs in cycles. It is caused
by a vasospasm, a narrowing of the coronary
arteries caused by contraction of smooth muscle
tissue in the vessel walls rather than by
34
atherosclerosis directly.
Dissolve to cutaway view of artery
Animate vasospasm
Dissolve to photo of individual exhibiting chest pain
Symptoms of Angina include pressure, heaviness,
tightening, squeezing, and aching across the chest,
particularly behind the breastbone. These
symptoms can be accompanied by indigestion,
heartburn, weakness, sweating, nausea, cramping,
and shortness of breath. 35
Myocardial infarction, or heart attack, is caused by a
blocked artery which prevents blood flow to the
muscle. The heart muscle starves for oxygen and
the cells die. Typically, a clot forms in a coronary
artery that has become narrowed because of
atherosclerosis. Sometimes, the plaque ruptures
and triggers a blood clot to form. Sudden
overwhelming stress may also trigger a heart
36
attack.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
•
•
•
•
•
Pressure
Heaviness
Tightening
Squeezing
Aching across chest,
behind breastbone
•
•
•
•
Sweating
Nausea
Cramping
Shortness of breath
Super titles as called in side by side lists
Dissolve to cutaway illustration of artery
Animate thrombus formation until artery is
completely closed
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
Objective: Explain coronary disease and how it manifests
Page # 32
Word Count: 117
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Congestive Heart Failure is a condition in which the
heart's function as a pump to deliver oxygen rich
blood to the body is inadequate to meet the body's
needs. It can be caused by diseases that weaken
the heart muscle, like myocardial infarction and
infections like myocarditis, an infection of the heart
muscle. It can also be caused by diseases that
cause stiffening of the heart muscles including
prolonged hypertension, hemochromatosis, an iron
overload in the body that is hereditary, and
amyloidosis, abnormal deposits of the amyloid
protein in the body. Diseases like hyperthyroidism
that increase oxygen demand by the body tissue
beyond the capability of the heart to deliver can also
37
lead to congestive heart failure.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Dissolve to photo of patient in hospital bed
•
•
•
•
•
•
Myocardial infarction
Myocarditis
Hypertension
Hemochromatosis
An amyloidosis
Hyperthyroidism
Super titles as called
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
Objective: Explain coronary disease and how it manifests
Page # 33
Word Count: 26
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Check your knowledge of the major arteries. Drag
the name of each artery to correctly label the
illustration.
Feedback: Congratulations! You have successfully
identified the major arteries
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta
Right coronary artery
Left coronary artery
Brachiocephalic artery
Left carotid artery
Left Subclavian artery.
Right Subclavian artery
Right carotid artery
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Label
Animation / Interactivity
Create an unlabeled illustration of the major arteries
used in the earlier discussion. Allow the user to
drag the names of the vessels to the illustration to
name each vessel. If they drag a label to a correct
location, let it snap in place. If they drag to an
incorrect location, let it snap back to the list. Allow
as many tries as necessary to correctly label the
vessels.
Illustration from University of Texas Health Science Center
http://surgery.uthscsa.edu/patients/cardiac/ascending.asp
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Coronary Disease
2.7
Coronary Disease
Objective: Explain coronary disease and how it manifests
Page # 34
Word Count: 27
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Label
Animation / Interactivity
Now check your knowledge of the coronary
arteries. Drag the name of each artery to correctly
label the illustration.
Create an unlabeled illustration of the coronary
arteries used in the earlier discussion. Allow the user
to drag the names of the vessels to the illustration to
name each vessel. If they drag a label to a correct
location, let it snap in place. If they drag to an
incorrect location, let it snap back to the list. Allow as
many tries as necessary to correctly label the vessels.
Aorta
Right coronary artery
Left coronary artery
Left anterior descending artery
Marginal artery
Feedback: Congratulations! You have
successfully identified the coronary arteries
This and the illustrations on page 30 are from the Merck
Manual and should be used only as a guide
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 35
Audio Script
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Word Count: 108
Onscreen text
Fade up to cutaway view of heart with left and right
atria, ventricles and septum labeled
Rarely, holes in the heart may exist even though the
heart appears to function normally. Such holes are
of importance to the interventionalist, because other
diseases can make these structural defects or
malformations to the heart, more prominent over
time.
Highlight septum when called
The heart has two sides separated by an inner wall
called the septum, which prevents the mixing of
blood. However, some babies are born with holes in
the upper septum which separates the right atrium
from the left atrium, and mixing of oxygen rich and
oxygen-poor blood occurs. A hole in the septum
between the heart’s two upper chambers is called
an atrial septal defect or ASD. Most people with
ASDs have no symptoms and are not aware that
they have the condition.
Dissolve to illustration of ASD
Atrial-septal defect
ASD
Example only – this image is copyrighted
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 36
Audio Script
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Word Count: 137
Onscreen text
Dissolve to illustration of PFO
Patent foramen ovale, or PFO, is a tiny opening in
the septum of the heart left over from prenatal
development. During fetal development, the
foramen ovale is usually present and it normally
closes after birth. The condition usually has little or
no consequence in an otherwise healthy child or
adult. Indeed, up to 25percent of people are born
with a PFO, but only a fraction of these individuals
will have medical problems as a result.
Patent Foramen Ovale
PFO
Dissolve to illustration showing heart valves
When disease affects the valves in the heart, they
may no longer work properly to maintain the correct
one-way blood flow in and out of the heart. A
problem with the functioning of any of the four
valves is generally termed valve dysfunction. The
two types of such problems that can disrupt blood
flow though the valves are called regurgitation and
stenosis.
Sample images only
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 37
Audio Script
Regurgitation occurs when a valve does not close
properly and blood leaks backward instead of
moving in the proper one-way flow. The heart tries
to make up for this by working harder, but over time,
the heart will become enlarged, or dilated, and less
able to pump blood through the body.
Word Count: 135
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Dissolve to illustration showing stenosis and
regurgitation.
Highlight as called
Stenosis occurs when the valves do not open
adequately and only a small amount of blood can
flow through the valve. Because of the narrowed
valve, the heart must work harder to move blood
through the body.
If present, atrial septal defects and patent foramen
ovale exist from birth. They only cause problems
that require treatment if the holes are significant. A
small ASD or PFO can become a significant
malformation as a consequence of other diseases
that change the heart’s volume or size.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo of physician examining adult
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 38
Audio Script
Word Count: 107
Onscreen text
Heart valve dysfunction found in younger patients is
usually due to a genetic defect in the prenatal
development of the heart. In older patients, a
chronic disease process is typically responsible for
having defective valves.
Problems with the heart valves, like regurgitation
and valve stenosis, usually occur as a consequence
of other heart diseases, such as Coronary Artery
Disease or other disease processes that affect the
volume or size of the heart. Sometimes, the valve
dysfunction results from a triggering event many
years earlier, such as rheumatic fever. Bacterial
infection, viral infection and inflammation of valves
over time can also trigger changes in valve
structure and function.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Dissolve to photo of patient receiving
echocardiogram
Super titles as called
Rheumatic fever
Bacterial infection
Viral infection
Valve inflammation
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 39
Audio Script
Word Count: 68
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False Interaction
Animation / Interactivity
Check your knowledge of structural heart defects
with these true – false questions
Correct Feedback:
That’s right. Patent foramen ovale is a normal
condition during fetal development; ASD is not.
Incorrect Feedback:
Actually, patent foramen ovale is a normal condition
during fetal development; ASD is not.
Correct Feedback:
That’s correct. Most people don’t have symptoms
and aren’t aware they have the condition.
Incorrect Feedback:
Sorry. Most people don’t have symptoms and aren’t
aware they have the condition.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Atrial-septal defect is normal in fetal development
and is only a defect if it does not close after birth.
True
False
Most people with ASD or PFO have no symptoms
and may not be aware they have the condition.
True
The correct answer is False
The correct answer is True
False
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 40
Audio Script
Word Count: 64
Onscreen text
Correct Feedback:
That’s right. Up to 25 percent of people are born
with PFO and most have no medical problems.
As many as 25 percent of people are born with PFO
but few have medical problems as a result.
Incorrect Feedback:
Actually, Up to 25 percent of people are born with
PFO and most have no medical problems.
Correct Feedback:
That’s right. Regurgitation occurs when a valve
does not close properly and blood leaks backward.
Incorrect Feedback:
Sorry. Regurgitation occurs when a valve does not
close properly and blood leaks backward.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
True
The correct answer is True
False
Stenosis occurs when a valve does not close
properly and blood leaks backward.
True
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
The correct answer is False
False
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Structural Heart Defects
2.8
Structural Heart Defects
Objective: Explain structural heart Defects
Page # 41
Audio Script
Word Count: 29
Onscreen text
Correct Feedback:
That’s correct. Heart valve dysfunction in younger
patients is usually due to a genetic defect.
Heart valve dysfunction in younger patients is
usually due to a genetic defect.
Incorrect Feedback:
Actually, Heart valve dysfunction in younger patients
is usually due to a genetic defect.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
True
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
The correct answer is True
False
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Endovascular Disease
2.9
Endovascular Disease
Objective: Explain endovascular disease and how it manifests
Page # 42
Word Count: 119
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Endovascular disease is vascular disease that
occurs anywhere in the body other than in the heart.
It is also called Peripheral Vascular Disease and
Peripheral Artery Disease. PVD can affect any
vessel in the body; however, it is most common in
large arteries in the peripheral arterial system.
Fade up to illustration of the peripheral anatomy
similar to this example but labeled per the
narrative/onscreen text
The most common arteries affected by PVD include
the carotid arteries which supply blood to the head;
the subclavian arteries which supply blood to the
arms; the aorta in the mid-section of the body; the
renal artery which supplies blood to the kidneys; the
common iliac arteries which supply blood to the
pelvis and lower limbs; and the femoral, popliteal
and peroneal arteries which supply blood to the legs
38
and feet.
Carotid
Subclavian
Aorta
Renal
Common Femoral
Popliteal
Peroneal Arteries
Highlight and label the vessels as called and add
arrows from labels to arteries
Drop Titles
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Endovascular Disease
2.9
Endovascular Disease
Objective: Explain endovascular disease and how it manifests
Page # 43
Word Count: 175
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
If a person has PVD in one area, they are more
likely to have it in other areas as well. Bifurcations,
or points where the arteries fork into separate
vessels, are very common areas for atherosclerotic
occlusions, or stenoses, to occur. Bifurcations that
are commonly at risk for PVD include the carotid
bifurcation, the proximal internal carotid artery and
the carotid bulb; the proximal renal artery and
bifurcation sites in the renal artery; the aorto-iliac
artery at the bifurcation; and, the superficial femoral
39
artery at the adductor canal.
Highlight bifurcations as called
Now let’s take a look at some of these commonly
affected arteries and the effects of PVD within them.
The aortic arch gives way to the common carotid
artery. The common carotid artery forks, or
bifurcates, into two branches, the internal and
external carotid arteries. The internal carotid artery
is the larger of the two branches and supplies blood
to the brain and eyes. A large number of patients
experience atherosclerosis in the area of the
bifurcation in the vessel, between the common and
40
internal carotid arteries.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to angiogram of carotid arteries
Common Carotid
Internal Carotid
External Carotid
Label and add arrows as called
Highlight bifurcation
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Endovascular Disease
2.9
Endovascular Disease
Objective: Explain endovascular disease and how it manifests
Page # 44
Word Count: 112
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
A blocked carotid artery is extremely critical and can
be potentially life threatening since the carotid
arteries supply blood to the brain. A diseased
carotid artery can cause a stroke or a trans ischemic
attack, often referred to as TIA. TIA is also known
as a mini-stroke. A person who experiences a trans
ischemic attack is more likely to have a full stroke
within one year of having a TIA than someone who
41
does not.
Highlight external carotid artery
Stroke has several symptoms and they vary
depending on where in the brain the blockage
occurs. They include one-sided weakness or
paralysis, visual problems, the inability to speak or
42
understand when spoken to, or even death.
Photo of physician examining brain scans
Photo of individual in wheelchair or walking with
cane
Photo of patient in hospital bed with attending
physician
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Endovascular Disease
2.9
Endovascular Disease
Objective: Explain endovascular disease and how it manifests
Page # 45
Word Count: 183
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
The renal artery delivers waste products to the
kidneys for elimination and renal artery stenosis, or
RAS, is a common form of endovascular disease.
Disease in the renal arteries can be serious and life
threatening. If the kidneys don’t function properly,
toxins build up and the kidneys can die. A person
is likely to experience high blood pressure, causing
more harm to the kidneys and the body’s entire
vascular system. Eventually they may experience
renal failure and need dialysis or a kidney
43
transplant.
Dissolve to illustration of renal anatomy
Vascular disease in the lower extremities is serious
but generally not as life threatening. The large
vessels of the legs are the common femoral
arteries, which come from the iliac arteries in the
groin area. The superficial femoral artery, or SFA, is
located in the thigh and it originates from the
common femoral artery. The deep femoral artery
also originates at the common femoral artery and is
located in the thigh. The popliteal artery extends
from the superficial femoral artery and runs behind
the knee The anterior and posterior tibial arteries
44
and the peroneal artery are below the knee.
Dissolve to illustration of arteries in lower
extremities
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Highlight renal artery
Dissolve to patient receiving dialysis treatment
Common Femoral
Iliac
Superficial Femoral
Deep Femoral
Popliteal
Anterior / Posterior Tibial
Peroneal
Highlight and label arteries as called and add arrow
from labels to arteries
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Endovascular Disease
2.9
Endovascular Disease
Objective: Explain endovascular disease and how it manifests
Page # 46
Word Count: 80
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
If a person is experiencing a blocked artery in their
leg, they may feel pain in their legs or calves when
they walk or exercise. If the pain in the leg is
relieved by rest, this is called claudication. Other
symptoms that circulation is compromised include
wounds that do not heal normally and feet that are
blue or cool to the touch. If the disease progresses
to the point that leg or foot tissue dies, an
45
amputation may be necessary.
Dissolve to photo of individual walking with limp
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to close up of wounds on foot / leg
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Endovascular Disease
2.9
Endovascular Disease
Objective: Explain endovascular disease and how it manifests
Page # 47
Word Count: 26
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Check your knowledge of the peripheral arteries.
Drag the name of each artery to correctly label the
illustration.
Feedback: Congratulations! You have successfully
identified the peripheral arteries.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Carotid
Subclavian
Aorta
Renal
Common Femoral
Popliteal
Peroneal Arteries
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Label
Animation / Interactivity
Create an unlabeled illustration of the peripheral
arteries used in the earlier discussion. Allow the
user to drag the names of the vessels to the
illustration to name each vessel. If they drag a label
to a correct location, let it snap in place. If they drag
to an incorrect location, let it snap back to the list.
Allow as many tries as necessary to correctly label
the vessels, then play feedback.
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.9
Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 48
Word Count: 131
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Physicians use several procedures in diagnosing
cardiovascular disease, including non-invasive
testing, minimally invasive testing and invasive
testing. Non-invasive tests are outpatient
procedures that involve little patient discomfort.
Minimally invasive tests require the injection of a
contrast agent to enhance imaging, but are
performed as outpatient procedures with minimal
patient discomfort. Invasive testing requires
placement of a catheter in the blood vessels and
requires a hospital stay of several hours. The goal
of testing is to find a definitive diagnosis in order to
46
initiate therapy.
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to photo of physician and patient in exam
room
Non Invasive Tests
Minimally Invasive Tests
Invasive Tests
Super titles as called
Drop titles
Dissolve to photo of patient entering MRI Scanner
Dissolve to angiogram image
Non-Invasive Tests
Non-invasive testing includes the patient history and
physical examination, electrocardiogram,
echocardiogram, exercise stress test, ankle-brachial
index and duplex ultrasound.
The patient history and physical exam is performed
routinely by the physician in the office and is one of
the most important steps in diagnosing
47
cardiovascular disease.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
•
•
•
•
•
•
Patient History / Physical Exam
Electrocardiogram (EKG)
Echocardiogram
Exercise Stress Test
Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
Duplex Ultrasound
Dissolve to photo of physician and patient in exam
room
Super titles as called
Drop titles
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.10 Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 49
Word Count: 148
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
An electrocardiogram, also referred to as EKG or
ECG, is a test that measures the electrical activity of
the heartbeat. With each heartbeat, an electrical
impulse passes through the heart and causes the
muscle to contract and pump blood from the heart.
The EKG can detect an irregular heartbeat and
indicate whether parts of the heart are enlarged or
48
overworked.
Dissolve to patient receiving EKG
An echocardiogram, also called an echo test, takes
a moving picture of the heart using ultrasound. It
can show the size and shape of the heart, if a
section is weak or not working correctly, problems
with heart valves and if a blood clot is present. 49
Dissolve to photo of patient receiving
echocardiogram
An exercise stress test shows if the heart’s blood
supply is sufficient and if the heart rhythm is normal.
The test monitors heart rate, breathing, blood
pressure, electrical activity and fatigue while the
patient walks on a treadmill or pedals a stationary
bike. 50
Dissolve to photo of patient on treadmill getting
stress test
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to CU EKG readout
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.10 Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 50
Word Count: 142
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
In the ankle-brachial index, or ABI, test, blood
pressure is taken in the arms and ankles. The
systolic ankle pressure is divided by the systolic
brachial pressure. The ratio is the ABI. A normal
ABI ratio is one or greater. A lower reading is
abnormal and indicates peripheral artery disease.
Blood pressure can be taken when the patient is at
rest and again after five minutes on a treadmill. A
decrease in the ABI ratio after exercise indicates
51
that significant PAD is likely.
Dissolve to photo of patient having blood pressure
test
Duplex ultrasound, also called Doppler ultrasound,
uses high speed sound waves to detect the speed
and direction of blood flow in the heart, movement
of the heart valves, and other blood flow evaluations
52
to indicate the presence of a blockage.
Dissolve to sonogram
Minimally invasive testing involves injecting a
contrast material and using imaging devices to
examine an area of the body.
Dissolve to patient with IV entering MRI scanner
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo of patient on treadmill
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.10 Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 51
Word Count: 113
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
A magnetic resonance angiogram, or MRA, is a type
of magnetic resonance imaging scan that uses a
magnetic field and pulses of radio waves to provide
pictures of blood vessels inside the body. MRA can
find problems with the blood vessels that may be
causing reduced blood flow since both the blood
flow and the condition of the blood vessel walls can
be seen. During MRA, the area of the body being
examined is placed inside an MRI machine.
Contrast material is often used during MRA to make
blood vessels show up more clearly. The test is
commonly used to look at the blood vessels that go
53
to the brain, kidneys, and legs.
Dissolve to MRA scan
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to CU of MRA scan showing vessels
Dissolve to patient receiving MRA scan
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.10 Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 52
Word Count: 102
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
A cardiac perfusion scan measures the amount of
blood in the heart at rest and during exercise.
During the scan, a camera takes pictures of the
heart after a radioactive tracer is injected. Two sets
of pictures are made during the exam, one when the
patient is at rest and another after the heart has
been stressed, either by exercise or after
administering a drug to induce stress. The test is
used to determine the cause of chest pain, to find
the location and amount of damage from a heart
attack, or to identify CAD and make treatment plans
54
for the patient.
Dissolve to photos from cardiac perfusion scan
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo of patient on treadmill
Dissolve to photo of physician with patient in exam
room
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.10 Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 53
Word Count: 113
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Invasive testing involves inserting a catheter into an
artery to introduce a contrast material to visualize an
area inside the body. Angiography is an imaging
technique used to visualize the inside, or lumen, of
blood vessels by injecting an x-ray contrast. A
catheter about the size of a pencil lead is inserted
through the skin and into the artery to deliver the
contrast and an X-ray is taken of the area being
examined. X-rays pass through the blood vessel,
but not through the contrast, and delineate the
lumen. Catheter angiography is considered the
gold standard, but it is increasingly being replaced
by magnetic resonance angiography and computed
tomography angiography as the technology
55
improves.
Dissolve to photo of cath lab with angiogram
procedure underway
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to angiogram
Dissolve to photo of catheter
Dissolve to photo of cath lab
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
2.10 Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the tests used to diagnose cardiovascular disease
Page # 54
Word Count: 93
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Check your knowledge of the diagnostic tests used
to diagnose cardiovascular disease. Drag the
names of the tests from the list to the correct
category of tests. When you have finished, click
submit.
CORRECT FEEDBACK:
That’s correct. You have correctly identified the
types of tests used to diagnose cardiovascular
disease.
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Drag and Drop Sort
Animation / Interactivity
Angiogram
Patient History / Physical Exam
Electrocardiogram (EKG)
Magnetic Resonance Angiogram
Echocardiogram
Exercise Stress Test
Cardiac Perfusion Scan
Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
Duplex Ultrasound
Non-Invasive
Minimally
Invasive
Create a screen with a list of diagnostic tests and a
three column display with headers for each category
of test. Let the user drag the test names to any
category. If user makes incorrect entries, give
incorrect feedback. Allow two tries to get it right and
if it is incorrect on the third try, give the third
incorrect feedback.
Invasive
FIRST INCORRECT FEEDBACK:
Sorry, that’s not quite right. Try again.
SECOND INCORRECT FEEDBACK:
That’s a good effort, but it’s not totally correct. Try
again.
THIRD INCORRECT FEEDBACK:
Sorry, this is the correct listing of the types of tests
used to diagnose cardiovascular disease. Take a
close look so you will remember.
Submit
Highlight Click to Continue
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 55
Word Count: 123
Audio Script
Onscreen text
The first steps in treatment of cardiovascular
disease are often medical therapies to alter or
control risk factors that can be modified. Any
patient who smokes is strongly encouraged to quit
and may be provided with smoking cessation aids.
Obese patients are encouraged to lose weight and
reduce their waist size to below 40 inches for males
and below 35 inches for females.
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to photo of physician in discussion with
patient
Dissolve to photo of individual smoking
Dissolve to photo of obese individual
If the patient has high blood pressure, he may be
prescribed hypertensives to lower blood pressure. If
appropriate, anitplatelets like aspirin and clopidogrel
may be prescribed to prevent platelets from sticking
together and an anticoagulant like warfarin may be
prescribed to prevent clotting.
Dissolve to patient having blood pressure test
If the patient has abnormal lipid levels, a statin may
56
be prescribed to lower blood cholesterol levels.
Dissolve to image of lipid panel results
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 56
Word Count: 147
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Interventional therapies for cardiovascular disease
are endovascular procedures that include
percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, or PTA,
stents, thrombolytics and atherectomy.
Dissolve to photo of cath lab with procedure
underway
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is the most
common non-surgical treatment for peripheral
vascular disease and coronary artery disease. PTA
is a procedure that dilates or opens up blocked
arteries by threading a thin plastic tube called a
balloon catheter to the point of narrowing. The
balloon is inflated and presses the plaque against
the vessel wall in order to restore proper blood flow.
The balloon is then deflated and removed from the
artery. In addition to compressing the plaque, it
stretches the walls of the vessel and is known as a
57
controlled dissection.
Stents are often placed within a vessel to act as a
support structure. Stents are metal tubes that
provide scaffolding to hold plaque out of the lumen,
and they reduce restenosis from elastic recoil after
PTA.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Interventional Therapy
• Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA)
• Stents
• Thrombolytics
• Atherectomy
Super titles as called
Dissolve to photo of angiogram procedure being
performed
Dissolve to image showing catheter in vessel
Dissolve to animation showing balloon angioplasty
Dissolve to photo / illustration of stents
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 57
Word Count: 140
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Stents are designed to provide radial strength,
flexibility, scaffolding and conformability, and are
either balloon expandable or self expanding.
Balloon expandable stents are mounted on a
balloon dilatation catheter and are typically placed in
protected areas like the coronary arteries. Self
expandable stents deploy when they are uncovered
and are typically placed in areas of motion or flexion
like the carotid arteries or the superficial femoral
58
artery.
Dissolve to different photo of stent
Thrombolysis is a procedure to dissolve a blood clot
by introducing a clot dissolving medication delivered
through catheter. The drug used most commonly is
tPA or tissue plasminogen activator. With
continuing improvements in catheter technology,
intra-arterial thrombolysis is being increasingly used
as an interventional procedure for treating acute and
chronic lower extremity arterial disease.
Thrombolysis offer patients options for therapy
when medical treatment alone is not enough and
surgery may be too risky. 59
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo / illustration of balloon dilation
catheter
Dissolve to photo / illustration of self expanding
stent
Dissolve to photo / Illustration of thrombolytic
procedure
Dissolve to photo of cath lab with procedure
underway
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 58
Word Count: 91
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
Atherectomy is a procedure that removes plaque
from the interior of a vessel using any of several
devices. Rotational atherectomy uses a high speed
rotation burr coated with microscopic diamond
particles rotating at about 120,000 rpm. The plaque
is broken into fragments smaller than red blood cells
which pass harmlessly into the circulation.
Dissolve to photo of rotation burr
Directional atherectomy uses a small cutter at the
end of the catheter. The mechanically driven cutter
shaves off the plaque and stores it in a chamber at
the tip. The plaque is removed when the catheter is
withdrawn.
Dissolve to photo / illustration of directional
atherectomy device
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to photo / illustration of device in use
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 58
Word Count: 158
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: Nil
Animation / Interactivity
For patients who do not respond to medical or
percutaneous treatment, surgery is the ultimate
option. Bypass is still the gold standard for surgical
outcomes. It is done to divert blood flow around a
blockage. Bypass can be performed using the
61
patient’s own vein or by adding graft material.
Dissolve to photo of OR with procedure underway
Endarterectomy is the surgical removal of the
plaque. The artery is opened and the plaque is
dissected and removed. This leaves a wide open
artery and restored flow. Although it is most
commonly performed with the carotid arteries it may
be done anywhere the vascular surgeon has access
to the vessel. It is a highly invasive procedure and
carotid stents can sometimes be used in lieu of
endarterectomy. 62
Dissolve to photo / illustration of carotid
endarterectomy
Amputation, or the removal of a limb, is used as a
last resort in extreme cases. Vascular surgeons
only perform it when the circulation is severely
reduced and cannot be improved by other methods
63
such as PTA, stent placement or bypass.
Dissolve to photo of patient with amputated limb
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Dissolve to X-ray of bypass
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 60
Word Count: 93
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False
Animation / Interactivity
Check your knowledge of the treatment of
cardiovascular disease with these true-false
questions.
Correct Feedback: That’s right. The first steps in
treatment are often to lose weight, stop smoking or
lower blood cholesterol.
The first steps in treatment of cardiovascular
disease are often medical therapies to alter or
control risk factors that can be modified.
Incorrect Feedback: Actually controlling
modifiable risk factors is often the first step and
includes attempts to help the patient lose weight,
stop smoking or lower blood cholesterol.
True
Correct Feedback: That’s Correct. PTA does use
a balloon to stretch the arterial wall and compress
plaque against the artery wall.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is a
procedure that uses a balloon to stretch the arterial
wall and compress plaque against the artery wall.
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, PTA does use a
balloon to stretch the arterial wall and compress
plaque against the artery wall.
True
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
The correct answer is True
False
The correct answer is True.
False
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 61
Word Count: 80
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False
Animation / Interactivity
Correct Feedback: That’s right. Self expanding
stents do not require a balloon for deployment but
they require a catheter to deliver them to the
stenosis.
The correct answer is True
Self expanding stents do not require a balloon
catheter for deployment into a narrowed artery.
True
False
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, self expanding
stents do not require a balloon for deployment but
they do require a catheter to deliver them to the
stenosis.
The correct answer is True
Correct Feedback: That’s right. Surgery is the
ultimate option if a patient does not respond to
medical or percutaneous treatment.
If patients do not respond to medical or
percutaneous treatment, surgery is the ultimate
option.
Incorrect Feedback: Actually, surgery is the
ultimate option if a patient does not respond to
medical or percutaneous treatment.
True
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
False
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
2.11 Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: Explain the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Page # 62
Word Count: 41
Audio Script
Onscreen text
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: True / False
Animation / Interactivity
Correct Feedback: That’s right, bypass surgery
uses a graft to divert blood flow around a blockage.
Endarterectomy is the surgical removal of plaque.
The correct answer is False
Bypass surgery is the surgical removal of plaque.
True
False
Incorrect Feedback: Sorry. Bypass surgery uses
a graft to divert blood flow around a blockage.
Endarterectomy is the surgical removal of plaque.
Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer
Logo
Module Name: Basic Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy
Lesson Name: Summary
2.12 Module 1 Summary
Objective: Review the module content
Page # 63
Audio Script
Word Count: 134
Onscreen text
You have successfully completed Basic
Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy, the first
module in this course.
Filename: <Code>_##_P##
Interactivity Type: <Name> Interactivity
Animation / Interactivity
Fade up to illustration of the heart and circulatory
system visible in transparent body
Fade under and super titles as called
In this module, you have learned about the types
and prevalence of cardiovascular disease, the
anatomy of the circulatory system and how blood
flows through the body. You also learned about
vascular disease process, coronary disease,
structural heart defects and endovascular disease,
and how they manifest and how cardiovascular
disease is diagnosed and treated.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Types of CVD
Prevalence of CVD
Circulatory Anatomy
Blood Flow
Vascular Disease Process
Coronary Disease
Structural Heart Defects
Endovascular Disease
CVD Diagnosis
CVD Treatment
Module 2 of this course is an overview of
interventional devices and Company's portfolio of
cardiovascular products. You will learn about the
basic interventional procedure and the types of
interventional devices used to treat cardiovascular
disease.
Provide links to the quiz and to the course menu
You can go directly to Module 2 now, or return at a
later time. To go to Module 2 now, close this
window and return to Company LMS to select it.
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Content Solutions
Date: 11/15/2010
Created by: Rick Gregory
Reviewed & Approved by: Reviewer