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Conflict and Abolitionism
in Europe
Conflict and Abolitionism
in Europe
Europe in Crisis
Europe in Crisis
Content Vocabulary
Heretic
One who does not conform to
establish doctrine
Armada
A fleet of warships
Sultan
A rapid increase in prices
Europe in Crisis
• King Philip II of Spain championed
Catholic causes throughout his empire.
• England became the leader of European
Protestant nations and defeated Spain
during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.
Europe in Crisis
• The French Wars of Religion
centered on conflict between
Catholics and Protestants within
France
Europe in Crisis
In the seventeenth-century Europe,
population decline and the hysteria of
witchcraft trials contributed to economic
and political problems
Europe in Crisis
The Thirty Years’ War started over
religious conflicts, but it was sustained
by political conflicts and resulted in the
breakdown of the Holy Roman Empire
War and Revolution in
England
War and Revolution in England
Content Vocabulary
Divine right of kings
Puritans
Cavaliers
The belief that the king gets his
power from his subjects
English Protestants who believed
that the Church of England needed
further reform and sought to
simplify and regulate forms of
worship
Political disorders; lawlessness
War and Revolution in England
Content Vocabulary
Roundheads
Supporters of King Charles I in
the English Civil War
Natural Rights
Rights with which all humans
are born, including the rights to
life, liberty, and property
War and Revolution in England
Put the following events in the correct order
of the English Civil War
3
2
4
5
1
• Cromwell Rules
• The Petition of Right is passed by Parliament
• Stuart Monarchy is restored
• Glorious Revolution
• Charles I takes the throne
War and Revolution in England
Put the following events in the correct order
of the English Civil War
1
2
3
4
5
• Charles I takes the throne
• The Petition of Right is passed by Parliament
• Cromwell Rules
• Stuart Monarchy is restored
• Glorious Revolution
War and Revolution in England
Put the following events in the correct order
of the English Civil War
3
2
1
5
4
• Cromwell Rules
• The Petition of Right is passed by Parliament
• Charles I takes the throne
• Glorious Revolution
• Stuart Monarchy is restored
War and Revolution in England
Put the following events in the correct order
of the English Civil War
1
2
3
4
5
• Charles I takes the throne
• The Petition of Right is passed by Parliament
• Cromwell Rules
• Stuart Monarchy is restored
• Glorious Revolution
War and Revolution in England
• Thomas Hobbes vs John Locke
• Thomas Hobbes said that power of ruler was
absolute, while Locke said that people create
civil governments to protect their natural
rights
• Locke’s ideas about representative
government influenced English government,
Enlightenment thought, and the English
colonists in America
War and Revolution in England
Charles I takes the throne
• Conflict between Parliament and the
Stuarts over roles in governing England,
as well as religious strife, led to the
English Civil War.
• Religious struggle was also an issue
during the Commonwealth, or republic,
and the Restoration
War and Revolution in England
Charles I
• Son of James I
• Signs Petition of Right (limits taxes, forbids
imprisonment without due process)
• Ignores the “Petition” and disbands
Parliament for more than a decade
• Scottish invade England and Irish revolts begin
• Charles calls parliament into session (The Long
Parliament 1640-60)
War and Revolution in England
Petition of Right Passed by Parliament
• Parliament moves to limit powers of the
king
• Charles responds by attempting to arrest
some members of Parliament
• Civil war begins between parliamentary
forces (Roundheads-Led by Cromwell)
and Charles’ forces (Cavaliers-Loyal to the
monarchy)
• Charles is captured and executed
War and Revolution in England
Oliver Cromwell
• Leader of the Roundheads
• Violent toward Catholics and the
Irish
• Encouraged Protestants to settle in
Northern Ireland
• Became the absolute ruler he
originally fought against
War and Revolution in England
Stuart Monarchy is restored
• Charles II
• Exiled Son of Charles I
• Invited back as a result of dissatisfaction with
Cromwell
• Stuart monarchy is Restored
– Limited Monarchy
• Religious toleration (Charles II was a “closet”
Catholic)
• Openly acknowledged the rights of the people and
the rule of Parliament
War and Revolution in England
• The Conflict and the failed republic
helped lead to the Glorious Revolution
and the English Bill of Rights
• With little to no bloodshed William and
Mary (Protestants) were restored to the
throne
• This led to the constitutional monarchy
England has today
War and Revolution in England
The English Bill of Rights increased
the rights of citizens, gave Parliament
the right to make laws and levy taxes,
and limited monarchical power.
Absolutism in Europe
Absolutism in Europe
Content Vocabulary
Absolutism
A political system in which a
ruler holds total power
Czar
Russian for caesar; the title
used by Russian Emperors the
Absolute leader of Russia
Boyar
A Russian noble
Absolutism in Europe
Louis XIV’s absolute rule in France
was admired and imitated throughout
Europe
The Keys to Louis’s power were his
control over government policy
making, his creation of a standing
army, and his waging of wars
Abolitionism in Europe
Frederick William the Great Elector built
strong military power to acquire holdings
for a large Prussian state
Absolutism in Europe
• The Czars (Russian leaders of the time) were
also absolute Rulers. They were still in power
until 1917
• Peter the Great Westernized and Modernized
Russian and increased its military power but
they didn’t make changes for the poor, the
rulers were out of touch this led to later
revolution
European Culture After the
Renaissance
European Culture After the
Renaissance
Content Vocabulary
Mannerism
Baroque
An artistic movement that
emerged in Italy in the 1520s and
1530s; it marked the end of the
Renaissance by breaking down the
principles of balance, harmony,
and moderation
An artistic style of the seventeenth
century characterized by complex
forms, bold ornamentation, and
contrasting elements
European Culture After the
Renaissance
• Mannerism, the artistic movement of the
time, turned down the High Renaissance
principals of balance, harmony, and
moderation
• Baroque architecture is richly and
elaborately detailed, and baroque art has
an immediate and strong appeal to the
senses.
European Culture After the
Renaissance
• Dramatic works reached new literary
heights in England and Spain between
1580 and 1640
• Prolific English writer William
Shakespeare wrote dramas, comedies,
and sonnets that reflected the human
condition
European Culture After the
Renaissance
The works of Miguel de Cervantes and
Lope de Vega were central to Spain’s
golden age of literature.