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By: Taylor Currin, Jamie Steckler & Bailey Gibbons Period 4 To remove liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine Keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in the blood Function Continued: Produce erythropoietin The kidneys remove urea from the blood Function Continued: Maintains normal concentrations of electrolytes within body fluids Regulates pH and volume of body fluids Reddish-brown Bean-shaped Concave on medial side, convex on lateral side Kidneys Continued: Renal Sinus Renal Pelvis Major Calyces Minor Calyces Renal Papillae Kidneys Continued: Renal Medulla Renal Renal Pyramids Cortex Nephrons Renal Columns Function of the Kidneys: Maintain homeostasis Regulates composition volume and the pH of extracellular fluid Function of the Kidneys: Secretes erythropoietin Plays a role in activating Vitamin D Maintains blood volume and blood pressure Location of Kidneys: Lie on either side of the vertebral column In a depression Retroperitoneally Function: tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder Location: extends downward behind the parietal peritoneum Ureters Continued: 25 cm long Contains Mucous 3 layers: coat (inner layer) Muscular Fibrous coat (middle layer) coat (outer layer) Location: Behind symphysis pubis Beneath the parietal peritoneum Function: Stores urine Forces it into urethra Urinary Bladder: Hollow, distensible, muscular organ Trigon 4 layers: Mucous coat (inner layer) Submucous Muscular coat (third layer) Detrusor Internal Serious coat (second layer) muscle urethra sphincter coat (outer layer) Function: Conveys urine to outside of body Location: below the bladder (connected) and leads to outside of body Urethra Continued: Lined with mucous membrane Thick layer of smooth muscle tissue Mucous Glands Urethral glands Renal Arteries Interlobar Arteries Afferent Arterioles Renal Vein Pathway of Blood within the Kidney: 1. Renal artery 2. Interlobar Artery 3. Arcuate Artery 4. Cortical Radiate Artery 5. Afferent Arteriole 6. Glomerular Capillaries 7. Efferent Arteriole 8. Peritubular Capillaries 9. Cortical Radiate Vein 10. Arcuate Vein 11. Interlobar Vein 12. Renal Vein Nephron Structure- What is a Nephron? Renal Corpuscle Glomerulus Glomerular Renal Tubule Capsule 1. Filtration 2. Reabsorption 3. Secretion Urine; a collection of substances that has not been reabsorbed during glomerular filtration or tubular reabsorption Video on Filtration: 95% water Contains urea and uric acid Amino acids & variety of electrolytes Reflects activity on ones dietary intake and physical Urea Source: By-product of amino acid catabolism Enters the renal tubule by filtration Uric Acid Source: product of the metabolism of certain organic bases in nucleic acids Active transport reabsorbs all the uric acid present in glomerular filtrate Nephrons, Collecting Ducts, Calyces of Kidney , Renal Pelvis, Ureter, Urinary Bladder, Urethra Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Glomerulonephritis Kidney Stones (Chronic Kidney Disease) "Kidney." <i>Function, Location & Area</i>. Healthline Networks Inc, 21 Apr. 2005. Web. 15 Mar. 2015. <http://www.healthline.com/humanbody-maps/kidney>. "How Your Kidneys Work." <i>The National Kidney Foundation</i>. 6 Jan. 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2015. <https://www.kidney.org/kidneydisease/howkidneyswrk>> "Kidney." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 12 Mar. 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2015. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney>> “Overview of Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination System.” Boundless Anatomy and Physiology. Boundless, 02 Jul. 2014. 16 Mar. 2015. <www.boundless.com/physiology/textbooks/boundless-anatomy-andphysiology-textbook/the-urinary-system-25/urine- transportstorage-and-elimination-242/overview-of-urine-transport-storageand-elimination-system>
