Download File - Science with Mr Thompson

Lesson 040
Learning Goal: (You should be able to…)
Describe the history of geology and its content
Describe Earth’s ‘profile’
Success Criteria: (Can you …)
Write a paragraph about geology?
Create a ‘profile’ page with ‘fun’ facts about Earth?
How to organize lesson 040
The lessons Agenda was:
WtoT
What is Geology?
Earth’s profile
Vocabulary Terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Direct observation.
Indirect observation.
Inference.
Seismic Waves
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
Write to Think 040
Answer the following on lined paper…
1. If you had to describe yourself what
characteristics would you mention?
Example: Eye color.
2. What characteristics would you include if you
had to describe Earth?
Example: Shape is …
What is Geology?
• the science that deals with
the Earth's physical structure
and substance, its history, and
the processes that act on it.
What is Geology?
• Earth size and shape.
• What the Earth is made of (inside, surface,
rocks, minerals).
• When and how the Earth formed.
• How the Earth has changed over time (Surface
& Inside). OSIRIS-REx mission!
• Geologic Time
• Fossils (History of life)
What You’ll Learn
1.
Classification of Earth’s layers
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2.
Earth Models and Theories
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3.
How have human’s been able to determine the age of the Earth?
How have scientists classified the sections of Earth’s history?
Fossil Dating investigation
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5.
How have models of inside Earth changed over time?
How does the nature of science allow for ideas and theories to change?
Geologic Time
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4.
How can Earth’s layers be described and classified using qualitative and
quantitative observations?
How do properties of Earth’s layers affect the Earth as a whole?
How can the age of an unknown fossil be accurately predicted?
Plate Tectonics
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How did the theory of plate tectonics come about?
How can the events and structures on Earth’s surface be explained by the
layers and properties below?
Beginning of the Geological Society
• Before 1800 people knew very little about Geology.
• Winter of 1807: thirteen like-minded men got together
in London at the Freemason’s tavern.
• meet once a month to swap notions of Geology over
wine and an expensive dinner.
• Greater demand: needed an institution.
• Membership grew from thirteen to 400 in 10 years.
• Geological society was threating to eclipse the Royal
society.
Geological Society
• Members met twice a month from November
until June.
• Spent summers doing fieldwork.
• Gentlemen with wealth and time to indulge a
hobby.
• 745 by 1830.
Geological research was a fad or trend.
• 1839: The Silurian System a study of type of rock
called the greywacke was an instant bestseller….
• 1841: Charles Lyell traveled to America to give a
series of lectures in Boston to sold out audiences
of 3,000 at at time.
• Men of learning ventured into the countryside to
do “stone-breaking”.
• It was a pursuit taken seriously and they tended
to dress appropriately, in top hats and dark suits
or even academic gowns.
Profile of Earth
• You will create a ‘profile’ of Earth
• It can be like:
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a Facebook page
a job application or resume
a wanted poster
a ‘lost and found’ poster
a sports personality sheet
other?
Examples:
Examples
Examples:
Examples:
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What to include in your profile of
Earth:
Picture (s)
•
Shape
•
Volume
Mass
Circumference
•
Radius and
•
diameter
• Density
Rotation
speed
Position
relative to the
sun
Orbit distance
Orbit
(revolution)
speed
• Angle of tilt
• Composition
• % of water &
land
• Atmosphere
thickness
• Crust
thickness
• Anything
else?
Things to consider:
• All units must be in metric ( you can use
American imperial as well)
• You must reference all sources
• You need at least three credible ones!
• Content is more important than style!
• Any electronic format that can be shared with
me and is school appropriate.
• Questions?
End of Lesson
Direct vs Indirect observation
• You look at grass, you conclude: this is grass and it is
green. You have observed the green grass. Direct.
• You know that in plants green color is caused by
chlorophyll. You look at grass. You conclude: this grass is
green, so it has chlorophyll in it. You have observed
chlorophyll. Indirect.
• In case of direct observations you sense the
phenomenon in question by your sensory organs
directly. In indirect observations, you sense something
intermediate that implies the phenomenon in question.
These intermediate things can be many. The more
intermediate things there are, the more careful you have
to be with your conclusions.
Direct vs Indirect observation
• Direct observations involve looking at the actual behavior or
occurrence rather than a result of that occurrence, which would be
an indirect observation. For example, if you were interested in
seeing how much candy was purchased by a particular
neighborhood, you could gather the information in one of the two
following ways:
• Direct observation: observe customers in a store and count how
many bags of candy they purchase.
Indirect observation: look through trash cans on garbage day to see
how many empty candy bags are in each trash bin
• Indirect observation tends to be used when the data cannot be
gathered through direct means, or when gathering the data through
direct observation tends to be too expensive.
End of Lesson