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Global Perspective on Politics and Public Health Policy Policy can be defined as a “definite course or method of action selected from among alternatives and in light of given conditions to guide and determine present and future decisions • The United States Constitution • Policy Makers are the Legislative (Congress), Executive, Judicial branches • Checks and balance system • Interest Groups, Citizen Groups, Lobbyists, Media Interest Groups can influence policy 1. Present unified position to policy makers 2. Engage in political activity in elections 3. Litigation: Develop statements how the decision will affect their members 4. Shaping Public Opinion 5. Draft legislative proposals Handout http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=pla yer_detailpage&v=tyeJ55o3El0 www.loc.gov How our laws are made www.firstgov.gov Committee on Energy Commerce’s Subcommittee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Senate Special Committee on Aging Government Accountability Office Congressional Budget Office • Community Involvement Act • Four Main Actors in the healthcare system: • • The Ministry of Health and Sports (MOH) • The State Governor’s Office of Health (SEDES) • The Municipal Government (DILOS) • Civil Society, meaning the private sector Creation of a Constitutional Assembly in July 2006 to rewrite the Bolivian Constitution Cultural and Indigenous Influences on Health Policy • High levels of inequality and exclusion • 60% of those excluded can be attributed to external or administrative barriers • 40% are caused by personal or cultural reasons Bolivian Health and Social Security 12 month plan Pg 120 • Infectious disease outbreaks in the developing world • Why is this a concern for the US? • Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) • Avian influenza (pandemic flu) • Noncommunicable chronic disease • World Health Organization: Objectives and Governance Structures (created 1948 within United Nations) • Handout • Where are they located? • • Actively involved in data gathering • Research • Global Health Policy development and applications (FCTC) • World Health Assembly (WHA): Main decision and policy making body Collaboration with Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO’s) pg 125 • “Public Good” • How is this at odds with the US philosophically? • Health for All in the Twenty-first Century – Declaration of Ala Ata – 1978 called health a “…fundamental human right” • 2000 UN Millennium Declaration pg 128 Collateral Damage 5 task force groups Discussion Handouts