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Invading Civilizations After the Sumerians, many cultures ruled parts of the Fertile Crescent 0 Invasions of Mesopotamia changed the region’s culture 0 Armies battled for control of fertile land 0 Different peoples ruled Mesopotamia 0 Hittites circa 1600 BCE – 1595 BCE 0 Kassites circa 1595 BCE – 1365 BCE 0 Assyrians circa 1365 BCE – 625 BCE 0 Chaldeans circa 625 BCE – 539 BCE Invading Civilizations 0 Hittites 0 The first to master ironworking, so had the strongest weapons 0 They used the chariot, a wheeled, horse –drawn cart, which allowed them to move quickly around the battlefield Invading Civilizations 0 Kassites 0 After Hittites’ king was assassinated the Kassites took over and ruled for almost 400 years Invading Civilizations 0 Assyrians 0 Used chariots and iron weapons developed by previous civilizations 0 Strong army 0 Battering Ram 0 Spread terror before battles by looting villages and burning crops 0 Assyrian kings ruled their empire through local leaders who each governed a small area 0 The local leaders demanded heavy taxes Invading Civilizations 0 Chaldeans 0 Attacked the Assyrians when they were weak and destroyed their empire 0 Nebuchadnezzar rebuilt Babylon into a beautiful city that had famous hanging gardens 0 Admired the Sumerian culture, studied their language, and built temples to Sumerian gods 0 Babylon became a center for astronomy Hanging Gardens of Babylon