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Ch. 3 Mesopotamia Section 1: The Rise of Sumer Mesopotamia- _________________________________ Means “land between the ________________” Located between ___________ and __________________ Rivers Present day __________ Rivers join and empty into ________________________ Sumerian Civilization _______________- earliest known _____________________ Used ______________ to control river _________________ Water from holes in levees were used to irrigate __________________ ______________was their number one crop Sumerian Life ___________________________ to build irrigation canals Led to creating expectations and _____________________ Made houses out of ____________________ They used ______-____________ bricks Built the first city in this area- __________ Sumerian City-States Each city had its own ________ and __________________ __________ -> __________ -> ________________ Upper class- priests and _________________ Middle class- gov’t officials, shopkeepers, _________- skilled workers Lower Class- farmers and ____________________ Would fight with other city-states to prove their ________________ City-States (3500-1700 BC) Common throughout ancient history consisted of groups of interacting areas whose populations shared a common language and culture Were formed for protection and usually had a high king You may have heard of these city-states: Jericho, Rome, Troy, Sparta, Athens Religious Life ___________________- temple at the center of each Sumerian city Means “_______________________” or “hill of heaven” Believed in over ________ gods (rain, wind, etc) Put on earth to serve the gods Only ______________ knew the will of the gods In charge of the land and schools Priest-Kings __________________- famous priest-king Equivalent to “_________________________” Bible story Received advice from assembly During war a military leader was chosen from the ______________ and he would __________________ the priest Kingship became ____________________ Daily Life Schools were for __________ of the rich Poor boys worked in _____________ or learned a _____________ _________________- Sumerian Writing Writing developed to keep track of _________________ First, pictures represented ___________________ Later, pictures represented __________________ Chapter 3: Mesopotamia Section 2: Later Mesopotamian Empires Sargon I From ____________- northern __________________________ Conquered ________________ city-states Created first empire- ___________________________________ Akkadians worshipped Sumerian _________ and used _____________ ______________ lasted from 2300 B.C.-2200 B.C. Hammurabi of Babylon 1800 BC-Amorites built ________________ Hammurabi conquers ______________ and _____________ and creates new empire ______________________adopted culture of locals Hammurabi’s Golden Age of Babylon _________________ lasted _____ years Improved the _________________ system. Reorganized _________ system Began _______________________ housing program Raised the god of __________________ above all gods CODE OF LAW Code of Law Displayed on a block of ___________ called a __________ ___ feet high Everyone could see them ______________ until proven guilty ________________ if guilty Punishments ranged from __________ to ______________ Section 3: Mesopotamian Contributions Sumerian Contributions earliest ___________________ oldest __________________ records st 1 to write down ________________ _________________ was model for other writings wheel plow sailboat 12-month ______________ number system based on ______ 60-minute __________ 60-second ____________ 360-degree ___________ Clock controlled by _________________