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Avogadro's hypothesis *Equal volumes of gases at same T and P contain equal numbers of particles *Particles not the same size but spaced far apart STP Molar Volume Feb 218:56 PM Calculating Molar Mass from Density Molar mass = density at STP x Molar volume at STP 23. What is the density of krypton gas at STP? 22. A gaseous compound composed of sulfur and oxygen, which is linked to the formation of acid rain, has a density of 3.58 g/L at STP. What is the molar mass of this gas? Feb 169:45 AM Percent Composition of a Compound Relative amounts of the elements in a cmpd. Percent comp. from mass data What is the percent composition of the compound formed when 2.70 g of aluminum combine with oxygen to form 5.10 g of aluminum oxide? Percent Comp. from Formula 34. Calculate the % comp. of a. ethane, C2H6 b. sodium hydrogen sulfate, NaHSO4 % Composition as a conversion factor 64d. Calculate the number of grams of phosphorus in 804 g of Na3PO4 1. Calculate the percent nitrogen in the fertilizer, ammonium nitrate. Feb 224:55 PM 2. When a 14.2 gram sample of mercury(II) oxide is decomposed into its elements by heating, 13.2 grams of Hg is obtained. What is the percent composition of the compound? Empirical Formula Empirical information gained by observation, experience, experiment ‐Lowest whole no. ratio of atoms in the compound ‐May or may not be same as molecular formula Hydrogen peroxide CO2 Feb 224:58 PM Molecular Formula tells actual # of each kind of atom in a molecule of the cmpd. either the same as its experimentally determined empirical formula, or a simple whole‐number multiple of empirical formula Determining Empirical Formula 1) find ratio of moles A cmpd. is 36.1% Ca and 63.9% Cl. What is the empirical formula? 2) reduce to lowest whole‐number ratio A cmpd. contains 67.6% Hg, 10.8% S, and 21.6% O. What is the empirical formula of the compound? If you know the empirical formula, you can determine the molecular formula 1. calculate empirical formula mass (efm) 2. divide molar mass by efm 3. use the multiplier in #2 to convert empirical form. to molecular form. Calculate the molecular formula of a cmpd. with a molar mass of 60.0 g/mol and empirical formula of CH4N.