Download Description of the Learning Flow

An Overview of the Learning and Teaching Resource Package
BACKGROUND
Technology Education (TE) in the Hong Kong school curriculum focuses on how human beings
solve their daily problems and how the processes involved can be replicated and transferred to solve
new problems. It is an essential area of study for all students in Hong Kong. Building on the
strengths of the existing TE curriculum and catering for social, economic and technological
development, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is one of the five elective
subjects in the TE Key Learning Area in the NSS curriculum.
To ensure smooth implementation of the ICT curriculum, teachers must have a firm grasp of the
curriculum intention, and be fully equipped to deliver the curriculum contents confidently. As stated
in the Chapter 10 of the Report on the New Academic Structure for Senior Secondary Education
and Higher Education, the Education Bureau (EDB) would then collaborate with various
institutions in providing learning and teaching resources for teachers with the intention to teach ICT.
The PolyU Technology & Consultancy Co. Ltd. was commissioned to develop such learning and
teaching resource package. Both English and Chinese versions are developed.
OBJECTIVES
The Resource Package aims at providing teachers who will teach NSS ICT curriculum with
resource materials for learning and teaching of the option “Multimedia Production and Web Site
Development” of the elective part of the curriculum.
The materials in the Resource Package should be used as resource bank and references. Teachers
are recommended to review, select and edit to materials to suit their needs in the teaching and
learning activities. In order to help students achieving the curriculum aims and objectives, teachers
should feel free to vary the organization and teaching sequence of learning elements. Students are
expected to achieve the following learning objectives:
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Benefits of multimedia applications;
Different kinds of multimedia elements;
Integrated use of multimedia elements in a simple multimedia application;
Design factors for presenting information effectively on the Internet;
Web authoring and web site publishing; and
Dynamic and interactive web pages.
Before using the package, it is assumed that students have acquired the necessary knowledge and
skills in the Compulsory Part – module A “Information Processing” and module C “Internet and its
Applications” before.
All comments and suggestions on this Resource Package may be sent to:
Technology Education Section
Curriculum Development Institute,
Room W101, 1/F, West Block,
Education Bureau
Kowloon Tong Education Services Centre,
19 Suffolk Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon.
Fax: 2768 8664
e-mail: [email protected]
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A. Design Principles of Teaching Package
During the development and finishing work of the “Multimedia Production and Web Site
Development” Teaching Package, the following principles have been adopted:
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The package is used as a resource bank and references to assist teachers.
Students have prior knowledge, experiences, skills and positive values and attitudes that
students have acquired through the Computer Literacy curriculum and/or school-based
curricula related to computer and information technology in basic education.
Materials are divided into different levels and parts to achieve a balance of breath and depth
to facilitate student learning.
Materials are organized into different units to support various teaching sequences to cater
for students’ varied needs, interests and abilities.
zes the significance of both theoretical and applied learning through the use of
common applications of ICT in daily life;
Achieves a balance between essential learning and a diversified curriculum by introducing
Compulsory and Elective Parts to cater for students’ varied needs, interests and abilities;
Promotes independent learning and/or collaborative learning through various learning
activities.
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B. Package Contents
B.1 Organization of the Package
The “Multimedia Production and Web Site Development” Teaching Package is divided into three
parts. The three parts are the “Multimedia Production”, the “Website Development”, and the “Other
Topics”. Altogether, there are 6 chapters and 23 units inside. A summary table is shown below.
PART A - MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION
Chapter 1
1.1
1.2
Chapter 2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Chapter 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
Multimedia Applications
What is Multimedia
Multimedia Applications and Devices
Multimedia Basics
Media Types
Attributes of Different Multimedia Elements
Multimedia File Types
Digitization, Coding-decoding and Compression
Multimedia Products
Multimedia Elements Preparation
Multimedia Editing and Processing
Finalizing Multimedia Products
Multimedia Design Factors
PART B - WEBSITE DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 4 Presenting Information on the Internet
4.1
4.2
Web Construction Factors
Web Usability: Web Design Concerns
Chapter 5 Web Authoring Tools
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Simple Web Page Construction
Browser Windows Manipulation
Special Effects
Publishing
Chapter 6 Dynamic and Interactive Web Pages
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Server-side and Client-side Technologies
Client-side Computing
Interactive Menus
Input Data Validation and Manipulation
Retrieve and Save Client Information
Part C – EXTRA UNITS
C.1
C.2
Visualization and Photo-taking
Computer Game Development
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Within each unit, it has the following components:
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Learning Activity Summary
 Learning Objectives
 Learning Outcomes
 Learning Activities
 Teaching Methods
Research Problems
Teaching/Learning materials in the form of MS Powerpoint slides
Worksheets
Hands-on Practical Exercise
Unit Student Assessment
There is another view of the package (option) which can divide it into 3 sections. Section 1,
includes Chapter 1 to Chapter 2, will cover fundamental concepts and knowledge in multimedia
applications. Moreover, basic multimedia elements will be introduced in this section. The main
focus of this section is on the basic understanding of multimedia, which includes the benefits of
multimedia applications and the different kinds of multimedia elements in applications.
Section 2, includes Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, will introduce some popular and useful multimedia
products available. Students would be able to evaluate and compare how to present multimedia
information in the suitable formats so that they are more readable, usable, and understandable.
Information visualization will be introduced in this section after students have mastered themselves
with the skills and knowledge previously accumulated. The main focus of this section is on “design
and analysis of multimedia applications”.
Section 3, includes Chapter 5 and Chapter 6, will cover advanced topics in this option. The focus
here is to enable students to design, plan, and implement dynamic and interactive web pages
through web authoring teaching. Materials would include programming skills and integration of
previous learned knowledge and technologies on multimedia. After mastering this section, students
can work on a more complex multimedia project to practise their problem-solving and
communication skills, and to encourage them to think critically and creatively.
Within the Teaching Package, in various places and components, different software packages have
been discussed or described. Some are freeware, shareware or commercial software. All these
packages are for illustration purposes and they are used to demonstrate the functions used in the
corresponding learning activities. Any package discussed can be replaced with a similar or suitable
alternative.
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B.2 Teaching/Learning Material Contents Organization
For each unit, a MS Powerpoint file has been include for teachers to review, select and edit for their
use in teaching and learning for students. The slides are classified into 3 classes and their markings
are at the end of each slide title.
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Class I (Core materials)
o The contents of the slides are directly related to the C&A Guide. There is no marking
at the slide title.
Class II (Nice to know)
o The contents of the slides would enable students to know more of the related
materials. They are indicated by having a “*” at the end of the slide titles.
Class III (Better depth)
o The contents of the slides would enable students to have a deeper understanding of
the related materials. They are indicated by having a “**” at the end of the slide
titles.
Teachers are recommended to use selectively of the slides of Class II and Class III for students are
relatively motivated and better technical background.
B.3 Teaching Activity Summary
There are many ways to use the Package. The Teaching Activity Summaries in this Package provide
a set of suggested teaching/learning activities and their associated use of the Package material. Note
that in the Summary, those items marked with a “#” are not covered in the C&A Guide but are good
for students to learn.
B.4 Teaching Sequences
There are many possible combinations to conduct the teaching/learning flow for the Multimedia
module. The simplest and direct combination is to have a linear sequence of starting at Chapter 1,
then Chapter 2 and then Chapter 3 for Part A. This sequence is shown below.
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What is Multimedia (Chapter 1.1)
Multimedia Applications and Devices (Chapter 1.2)
Media Types (Chapter 2.1)
Attributes of Different Multimedia Elements (Chapter 2.2)
Multimedia File Types (Chapter 2.3)
Digitization, Coding-decoding and Compression (Chapter 2.4)
Multimedia Elements Preparation (Chapter 3.1)
Multimedia Editing and Processing (Chapter 3.2)
Finalizing Multimedia Products (Chapter 3.3)
Multimedia Design Factors (Chapter 3.4)
In some situations, students would like more hands-on experience or practice to arise their interest.
Then, it is recommended to start with Chapter 3 instead of having them learning to create and edit
multimedia elements first. After the first 2 units of Chapter 3, students can move to study Chapter 2
for the properties of multimedia elements. With a broader knowledge, students learn the materials of
unit Chapter 3.3 for finalizing multimedia products. Materials in Chapter 1 can be taught afterwards
for students to know about multimedia systems and trends. The sequence will then be:
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Multimedia Elements Preparation (Chapter 3.1)
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Multimedia Editing and Processing (Chapter 3.2)
Media Types (Chapter 2.1)
Attributes of Different Multimedia Elements (Chapter 2.2)
Multimedia File Types (Chapter 2.3)
Digitization, Coding-decoding and Compression (Chapter 2.4)
Finalizing Multimedia Products (Chapter 3.3)
What is Multimedia (Chapter 1.1)
Multimedia Applications and Devices (Chapter 1.2)
Multimedia Design Factors (Chapter 3.4)
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C. Package Contents Reference
Chapter 1 Multimedia Applications
1.1 What is Multimedia
 What is Multimedia?
 Introduction in Multimedia Systems
 Trends in Multimedia
1.2 Multimedia Applications and Devices
 Application Areas for Multimedia Applications
 Multimedia Devices
 Overview of Software Tools
Chapter 2 Multimedia Basics
2.1 Media Types
 Text
 Graphics / Image
 Audio (Sound)
 Animation
 Video
2.2 Attributes of different multimedia elements
 Text Attributes
 Graphics / Image Attributes
 Audio (Sound) Attributes
 Animation Attributes
 Video Attributes
2.3 Multimedia File Types
 File Types of Text Element
 File Types of Graphic Element
 File Types of Sound Element
 File Types of Animation Element
 File Types of Video Element
2.4 Digitization, Coding-decoding and Compression
 Overview of Digitization
 Coding-decoding
 Types of Compression
 Current Standards of Multimedia Compression
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Chapter 3 Multimedia Products
3.1 Multimedia Elements Preparation
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Inputting Text
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Capturing Digital Images
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Creating Videos
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Creating Animations
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Capturing and Creating Audio
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Importing Multimedia Files
 Use of Authoring Tools
3.2 Multimedia Editing and Processing
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Text Editing and Formatting
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Image Editing
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Sound Editing
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Digital Video Editing
 Converting Multimedia Elements
3.3 Finalizing Multimedia Products
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Developing a Multimedia Product
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Packaging a Multimedia Product
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Exporting a Multimedia Product to Different File Formats
 Compressing and Distributing Multimedia Products
3.4 Multimedia Design Factors
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Our Abilities and Limitations
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Basic Design Considerations
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Multimedia Design Considerations
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Integrating Multimedia
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Hardware and Software Constraints
Chapter 4 Presenting Information on the Internet
4.1 Web Construction Factors
 Hypertext and Hypermedia
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Hardware and Software Constraints
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Basic Web Interface Design
 Dealing with Multimedia
4.2 Web Usability: Web Design Concerns
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Different Groups of Users with Special Needs
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How to Making Web Sites Easy to Use: Some General Discussions
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Web Accessibility
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Chapter 5 Web Authoring Tools
5.1 Simple Web Page Construction
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What is Inside a Webpage?
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Overview of HTML
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Text Formatting Tags
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Lists
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Tables
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Inserting Hyperlinks
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Inserting Multimedia Elements
5.2 Browser Window Manipulation
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JavaScript Introduction
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Simple JavaScript
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Popup Windows
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Variables in JavaScript
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Conditionals in JavaScript
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JavaScript For Loops
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JavaScript Confirm Box
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Event Linking
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Mouse Events
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Advanced Popup Windows
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Options in Popup Windows
5.3 Special Effects
 Special Effects and Mouseover
 Document Backgrounds
 Rotating Banners
 Timing Events
 Blinking and Scrolling Text
 Web Authoring Tools
5.4 Publishing
 Publishing Your Material on Web
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Domain Names
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How to Get Your Own Domain Name
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How to Get Your Own Website
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Tools and Other Considerations
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Chapter 6 Dynamic and Interactive Web Pages
6.1 Server-side and Client-side Technologies
 Client-Server Computing
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Server-side Computing – Tools and Platforms
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Server-side Scripting – Introduction (PHP)
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Simple Program: Showing a Webpage with Your Name
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PHP Arithmetic and String Functions
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A Second PHP Program: Adding Numbers
6.2 Client-side Computing
 Characteristics of Client-side Scripting
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Client-side Computing – Tools and Platforms
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Web Servers – Choices and Selections
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Recent Development of Web Applications
6.3 Interactive Menus
 Design of Menus
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Static Menus – Uses of Hyperlinks
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Interactive Menus
6.4 Input Data Validation and Manipulation
 HTML Fill-in Form
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Form Processing – An Example: Checking the Password
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Data Validation
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Creating Quizzes with Multiple Input Formats
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Developing Simple Mathematics Games
6.5 Retrieve and Save Client Information
 Needs of Saving and Retrieving Information on the Web
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At Client-side
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At Server-side
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Creating Interactive Web Pages
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Topic
a.
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ii.
Learning Outcomes
Remarks
Multimedia Production (25 hours)
Multimedia applications
Multimedia basics
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Describe and appreciate the applications
of multimedia. (Chapter 1.1)
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Identify the benefits of multimedia
applications. (Chapter 1.2)
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Describe and identify different types of
multimedia elements. (Chapter 2.1)
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Describe the attributes of different
multimedia elements. (Chapter 2.2)
For example, font size and typeface of text,
colour depth and resolution of graphics, bit
rate and frequency of audio signal, frame
size and frame rate of video. (Chapter 2.2)
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Know the different multimedia file
types. (Chapter 2.3)
For example, the difference between
bitmaps and vector graphics, and the
difference between wave files and midi files.
The applications include advertisements,
entertainment, public information, and
training and education, etc. (Chapter 1.1)
(Chapter 2.3)
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Understand the meaning of digitisation,
coding-decoding and compression.
(Chapter 2.4)
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Topic
iii. Multimedia products
(1)
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Learning Outcomes
Preparing multimedia elements
Prepare multimedia elements.
(Chapter 3.1)
(2)
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Remarks
Students should be able to prepare
multimedia elements by capturing audio
information, digital images and video with
various devices, importing and converting
from ready-made files, constructing from
scratch and by using various media
authoring tools. (Chapter 3.1)
Multimedia editing and processing
Perform simple editing and processing
on multimedia elements. (Chapter 3.2)
For example, changing the sharpness and
brightness of graphical images, applying
filters to give special effects, mixing of
wave files, and adding a simple transition
effect / text / image on video clips.
(Chapter 3.2)
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Convert multimedia elements from one
file format to another and know the
potential information loss. (Chapter 3.2)
(3) Finalising multimedia products
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Examine how multimedia elements of a
multimedia product function together to
produce meaning for an audience.
(Chapter 3.3)
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Export a multimedia product to different
file formats. (Chapter 3.3)
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Topic
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Learning Outcomes
Compress a multimedia product.
Remarks
(Chapter 3.3)
(4) Multimedia design factors
 Recognise the essential design factors.
(Chapter 3.4)
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Integrate multimedia elements into a
cohesive multimedia product in a given
context. (Chapter 3.4)
By demonstrating some multimedia
applications, students should understand that
the essential design factors are audience
awareness and content purpose. (Chapter 3.4)
The required multimedia elements are texts,
digital images/photos, sound clips, video
clips, and frame-by-frame animations with
shape/motion tweening and morphing.
(Chapter 3.4)
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Understand the need to strike a balance
between qualities and constraints in
processing multimedia elements.
(Chapter 3.4)
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Topic
b.
Web Site Development (50 hours)
i.
Presenting information on the
Internet
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Learning Outcomes
Remarks
Outline and discuss the various factors to
be considered in the construction of web
pages. (Chapter 4.1)
By demonstrating some web sites, students
should discuss successful design factors
such as the web site structure, audience
awareness, content purpose, site map, use of
the workspace available on each page,
arrangement of elements on screen,
appropriateness of embedded
graphics/sound/animations, use of frames
and meaningful contextual links, grouping
related information into tables/lists,
providing channels for feedback, providing
details in downloadable files, and structuring
contents for easy printing. (Chapter 4.1)
Students should also discuss the hardware
constraint and platform compatibility factors
such as computer processing power,
bandwidth limitation, browser and plug-in
compatibility, viewing environment, and
language and colour compatibility.
(Chapter 4.1)
They should analyse and judge the use of the
right resolution and file format for images
and photos in order to keep download time
low. (Chapter 4.1)
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Topic
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Learning Outcomes
Know that there are guidelines to cater
for web accessibility by people with
special needs. (Chapter 4.2)
Remarks
For example, providing an additional
text-only version, and including brief
descriptions and text links in existing
websites to make the web pages more
accessible to the visually-impaired.
(Chapter 4.2)
ii.
Web authoring tools
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Construct simple web pages. (Chapter 5.1)
Students should be able to use different
features (e.g. links, anchors, lists, tables,
frames, Mailto and Fill-out Forms) in
constructing the web page. They should also
be able to embed multimedia elements in the
web page and apply a consistent look and
style across a set of web pages.
(Chapter 5.1, Chapter 6.4)
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Create and manipulate browser
windows. (Chapter 5.2)
Students should be able to create pop-up
windows, manipulate window location, and
window size, and allow scrollbars to appear
when necessary. They should also be able to
embed messages in browser window’s status
bar such as displaying the current date, time,
URL and its description. (Chapter 5.2)
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Perform special effects. (Chapter 5.3)
Students should be able to create special
effects such as scrolling messages, rotating
image banners, mouse over effect, blinking
text and changing colours.
(Chapter 5.3, Chapter 6.3)
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Topic
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iii.
Dynamic and interactive web pages
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Learning Outcomes
Publish web site. (Chapter 5.4)
Remarks
Students should know the basics of getting a
domain name and web hosting. They should
also be able to transfer web pages onto web
sites on the Internet. (Chapter 5.4)
Understand the difference between
server-side and client-side technologies.
(Chapter 6.1)
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Describe the characteristics of client-side
scripting. (Chapter 6.2)
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Create interactive menus upon user
selection. (Chapter 6.3)
Students should be able to create interactive
user selection, such as the 2-level
interdependent select list, pull down menu
and click-to-expand menu. (Chapter 6.3)
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Validate and manipulate input data.
Students should be able to check text data,
numeric data, required input, length of input,
manipulate radio buttons and check boxes
and valid values for all input data. They
should also be able to perform simple
computations to create quizzes and simple
mathematics games. (Chapter 6.4)
(Chapter 6.4)
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Retrieve and save client information.
(Chapter 6.5)
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For example, the use of Cookies for
collection of user information. (Chapter 6.5)