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A Study on Grid Computing in Distributed Systems Sudha Dhanabalan DEFINITIONS • • • A very large self-managing virtual computer comprising of a large collection of heterogeneous systems that share various combinations of resources. Flexible, secure, coordinated resource sharing among dynamic collections of individuals, institutions, and resource. Model for solving massive problems by using a huge cluster of computers in a distributed system. What can Grid computing do? • • • • • • Exploit underutilized resources Make available virtual resources and virtual organizations Access to additional resources Parallel CPU Capacity Resource Balancing Management of larger IT infrastructure Resource Types in Grid System • Computational Capacity - Parallel execution on applications • Storage - Storage attached to processor - Secondary storage • Software and policies - Application specific resources Scheduling in Grid Systems • Role of scheduling - To achieve meaningful collaboration among various domains in a Grid System Types of Scheduling - Normal , manual scheduling - Scavenging grid systems - Resource reserving A Simple Grid Building A Grid Architecture The Components of the Grid System: • Security o The more resource sharing more need for security, usually provided by GSI • Availability o Handling failure of components in the Grid system • Performance o Workload management and scheduling GRID MODELS Grids can be classified in two ways: • Based on the function Computational Grid Aggregates the processing power from a distributed collection of systems Data Grid Providing secure access to the pools of data aggregated from heterogeneous, distributed systems Based on Topology • Intragrids Basic set of grid services within an organization single security provider and static resources • Extragrids Comprises of two or more intragrids with more than two security providers and dynamic resources • Intergrids Resources are global and dynamic and so is the security provider Completed Projects • Grid technology has made its own contribution to many fields and thus has made possible many projects which would have taken years or even generations to complete. The completed Grid projects are listed and explained briefly . • WEB PERFORMANCE TESTING - Real time scenario testing of web sites to improve its quality GENETIC RESEARCH • Grid computing has been used in genetic research to study the relationships between DNA structures, thus identifying the causes and cure for diseases • Grid Technology was used in the “hidden Markov Modeling” project, which initially was used in speech recognition and later for medical research • Anthrax research Project This goal of this project was to accelerate a time-consuming step in the drug discovery process. This project involved presenting a key protein component of anthrax into the grid and analyzing the molecules of drug. • The Smallpox Project Grid computing was used to screen millions of potential anti-smallpox drugs against a molecule target which was considered a potential drug component in treatment of smallpox. CURRENT PROJECTS • The Human Proteome folding project This is an ongoing project which is nearing completion. This project aims at finding out the structure of all the proteins in the human body. The results of this research can bring a turning point in new treatments and cures The Cancer Research Project • This project involves screening variuos molecules to find a drug for treatment of cancer. • This screening would take years for completion if not form Grid technology. • Each of us can become a part of this research by signing in at www.worldcommunity.org. A small software is downloaded in our computer which runs this screening when our system in idle. SOME USEFUL LINKS • http://www.gridcomputing.com/gridfaq.html • http://www.globus.org/research/papers/anato my.pdf • http://www.globus.org/security/ • http://www.grid.org/projects/hpf/ QUESTIONS ?