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EuroGeoSurveys Europe-Africa geoscientific cooperation Mapping geological infrastructure needs in Africa 40 Years Listening to the Beat of the Earth EuroGeoSurveys 37 Albania Lithuania Austria Luxembourg Belgium The Netherlands Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia Malta Cyprus Poland Czech Republic Portugal Denmark Romania Estonia Russian Federation Finland Serbia France Slovakia FYROM Slovenia Germany Spain Greece Sweden Hungary Switzerland Ireland Ukraine Italy United Kingdom Geological Surveys Work force of SEVERAL THOUSANDS Kosovo Malta Latvia Norway Organisation of African Geological Surveys OAGS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Namibia: President Mozambique: 1° Vice-President Niger: 2° Vice-President South Africa: Secretariat Why ‘…Much of Africa’s mineral resources remain under‐explored and under‐exploited and geoscience knowledge is at a relatively too low level to attract exploration and investment’, Addis Ababa Declaration, African Union Conference of Ministers, October 2008 Africa is the world’s top producer of mineral commodities but most of Africa still lacks systematic geological mapping which could bring to light a much greater resource base”… Africa Mining Vision by the African Union in 2009 What happened OAGS GENERAL MEETING 2010 Alger, Algeria Informal agreement on Europe-Africa Geological Surveys cooperation to facilitate access to geological data information Supported by AU Industrial Ministers Summit Preparatory Meeting, Alger 2011 AU – EU Conference, Brussels 2012 A success story 26-27 September 2011 Delivery of EGS geological data compilation to OAGS, Windhoek, Namibia 11-12 December 2012 EGS-OAGS Technical Meeting, Niamey, Niger OAGS General Meeting in Niamey, Niger 16 July 2013 Signature of contract EGS-EC, Brussels, Belgium When cooperation is real, it brings results! Creating consensus: meeting Tanzanian Minister of Natural Resources A success story 11 November 2014 Presentation at AfriGEOSS side event in Geneva Cape Town, February 2015: The final act... or the opening one... Mapping the geological infrastructure: A success story Geoscientific knowledge and skills in African Geological Surveys Gap analysis: • Availability of geoscientific maps • Competence of Geological Surveys to provide geoinformation for strategic planning and decision making A success story - Gap analysis results A success story - Gap analysis results Lack of skilled staff and technical resources in the field and in the laboratory; Not enough expertise to do data analysis and interpretation; Quality and availability of data on mineral resources doesn’t cover the needs of exploration and mining Questionaries' Reported numbers of ASM in African countries Ethiopia: Estimated 1 million AM DRC: More than a million ASM Tanzania: 700.000 to 800.000 ASM Ivory Coast: More than 500.000 ASM Niger: Estimated 400.000 ASM Zimbabwe: Estimated 250.000 ASM Nigeria: 200.000 to 250.000 ASM Mozambique: 150.000 to 200.000 ASM Zambia: Estimated 150.000 ASM Uganda: Estimated 150.000 ASM Malawi: Estimated 150.000 ASM Best total estimate for Africa is 6-7 million ASM operators with 35-50 million dependent ASM in Mozambique ASM in Ethiopia ASM in Nigeria ASM in Ivory Coast ASM in Ivory Coast Chemical use (cyanide and strong acids) a) b) c) d) a) and (b) Inventories of chemicals used (c) and (d) leach cyanidation unit fitted in the bush Summary of Questionnaire on Geohazards Technogenic: 1 – pollution of aquifers and surface environment due to mining activity; 2 – waste disposal. Natural: 3 – volcanic activity; 4 – earthquakes; 5 – landsliding; 6 – flooding; 7 – soil erosion/desertification; 8 – other. Significance of geohazards in the responded countries could be ranked as: flooding; soil erosion/desertification; landsliding; pollution of aquifers and surface environment due to mining activity; waste disposal; earthquakes; volcanic activity. Geoheritage: Gap analysis from questionnaires - Respondents’ knowledge and responsibilities regarding geoheritage varies significantly - Some surveys are not aware of what has been done or what needs to be done - Large differences between countries: - some with no interest on the subject and no personnel dedicated to it - others with significant interest and inventories already done or on their way - Overall interest towards geoheritage inventories and management Gap analysis: existing IT infrastructure • Servers • IT working environment 1 to 4, up to 8: 14 surveys 1: 4 surveys • Workstations High profile: 7 surveys Medium profile: 3 surveys Almost no infrastructure: 2 • Software 15-25 | 40-60 | 200-350 Average age: 4 years old • Software DBMS & GIS available Existing IT infrastructure Very well equipped: 7 Fairly well equipped : 4 Limited range but sufficient: 3 Incomplete / no answer: 9 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% No answer 50% No 40% Yes 30% 20% 10% 0% Hardware infra. Dedicated data Security strategy Backup system includes servers storage system Secured server room Reliable energy supply Uninterrupted Air-conditionning Local network Internet network power supply Gap analysis: Data architecture • • • Data management is organised in 14 surveys (client-server to standalone) 3 surveys implemented publication/ remote access to selected data and products through Internet Use of web services remains to be developed with interoperability standards Data input by data format Unstructured data, i.e. document in text format Simple structured data Text formatted in a markup language Database file format DBF Database format with standardized connectors Raster data Georeferenced raster data with geodatabase Vector data with geodatabase Data input format Server-based data storage systems, LAN, computers as front-end devices, some data is published on the internet using web standards Server-based data storage systems, LAN, computers as front-end devices, some data is published on the internet, no standards Server-based data storage systems, LAN, computers as front-end devices Data is provided via internet & web application for free or by free download without secured application Data is provided on demand (soft copy) Standalone computers, no network (or network without server-based data storage) Data publication: technologies for data sharing Data management Gap analysis: Skills adequacy • 14 positions: IT professionals, IT-related staff and end users of infra. & data • From full team of IT and IT-related professional s to IT manager with “6 hats” IT system manager Application programming IT operator Database administration manager IT technical support Data modelling expert Expertly adequate IT security expert Database operator Adequate Network administration and technical support GIS Specialist Less adequate Web site manager 3D modelling specialist Web site developer Technician Adequacy of IT personnel Not adequate Availability of internal funds for IT equipment maintenance and/or upgrade + training in the budget Availability of external funds for IT equipment maintenance and/or upgrade + training (projects) Available Available Not sufficiently available Not sufficiently available Not available Not available Gap analysis: Investment priorities 90 80 70 Run statutory activities at nominal level with the available IT equipement and staff? 60 50 40 Yes 30 No 20 No answer 10 0 Server hardware and software • • • Workstation hardware and software Network Security of servers and workstations Application software Follow-up training Training of new of skilled staff (turnover) professionals First priorities: Server and workstation hardware and software + security Significant concern about the training of new staff to overcome the turnover after the projects end Feedback on the ability to run the statutory activities with the available level of IT equipment and staff: 12/23 surveys are satisfied Needs, expectations, recommendations MAIN DEMANDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Training and Capacity Building to be addressed considering the fulfillment of institutional mission/responsibilities. Attention requested from OAGS to: • Transfer of standard practices • Quality of trainers • Applicability of knowledge • Quality of materials (e.g. manuals, guidelines) • Fulfilment of expectations • On-the-job training delivery mode • Case studies on pilot areas in Africa Expected results of PanAfGeo Project • Enhance the operational capacity and role of African Geological Surveys. • Contribute to mineral resources assessment by African Geological Surveys. • Increase activity of national Geological Surveys in regional mapping and exploration to upgrade their geoscientific information base and mineral inventories. • Strengthen the level of national Geological Surveys geological knowledge and skills through training. • Strengthen OAGS potential to meet the needs of the African continent. Importance of international cooperation INVESTMENTS RAW MATERIALS TRADE