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Exploring Caves and Caverns Back to theme page main An interactive learning station created by Nate Moore for Ed. 265A Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check There are four different types of caves: 1. Lava caves are formed by flowing lava. After the outside crust of lava cools and hardens, the inside remains free flowing. The result is a hollow tube. 2. Sea caves are formed from the breaking of waves against a steep cliff or rock wall. As the pressure against cliffs increases, the ground gives and a cave is created by massive waves 3. Ice caves result as water freezes inside the walls of sea caves. 4. Limestone caves are formed underground as rain passes through limestone after chemical reactions occur. Rock dissolves under the surface creating an open chamber or cavern Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Cave animals The little brown bat is called a trogloxene, or an animal that sometimes chooses to live in caves. The adult cave salamander prefers to live in caves but can survive outside of caves. They care called troglophiles. Blind crayfish are called troglobites, or animals that live only in caves. They cannot survive anywhere else. Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Stalagmite Flowstone Column Stalactite cave rock formations Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Stalagmite *Formed by calcium carbonate deposites from the ground. Water dripping from above will often form stalagmites directly underneath on the floors of caves. This is an example of a gypsum stalagmite Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Stalactite * Formed by calcium deposits hanging from the ceiling of caves as water drips Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Column *Formed when a stalagmite and a stalactite join Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Flowstone * Flowstone is formations of rock found in caves that appear to be water trickling over the walls. They appear to be smooth but remain solid rock. Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Self Check Limestone caves are formed by: A. Lava cooling in the center and creating a hollow tunnel. B. Rain reacting with chemicals to form hollow caverns underground. C. Waves from the sea crashing upon cliffs. Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Great!! Now answer the following: Animals such as the blind crayfish are a member of this family because they can not survive conditions outside of caves: A. Troglobites B. Troglophiles C. Trogloxene Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Good job!! Now this one… True or false: Stalagmites grow from the ceiling of caves Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Excellent!! To learn more about caves, check out these references: Bevan, Finn. Beneath the Earth. Danbury: Children’s Press, 1998. Bunnell, Dave. Good Earth Graphics. 9/26/02 www.goodearthgraphics.com Coles, Rick. Caving Canada. Sept. 1995. 10/25/02. www.cancaver.ca Erickson, Jon. Craters, Caverns and Canyons. New York: Facts on File, 1993. USGS. “Exploring Caves.” 1/29/02. 10/23/02. http://interactive2.usgs.gov/learningweb/teachers/explorecaves_a nimals.htm Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check Bibliography Bunnell, Dave. Good Earth Graphics. 9/26/02 www.goodearthgraphics.com Erickson, Jon. Craters, Caverns and Canyons. New York: Facts on File, 1993. USGS. “Exploring Caves.” 1/29/02. 10/23/02. http://interactive2.usgs.gov/learningweb/tea chers/explorecaves_animals.htm Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks Self Check