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The 6th Conference on Advances in Optoelectronics and Micro/Nano-optics (AOM 2017), Nanjing, China
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Abstract Abstracts submitted to the conference should be written in English, and should be no more than 2
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1. Header
An overview of the recent developments in the field of
plasmonics using vectorial optical fields as the excitation
is presented. Surface plasmons are collective oscillation
of free electrons at metal/dielectric interface. As a wave
phenomenon, surface plasmons can be focused by using
appropriate excitation geometry and metallic/dielectric
structure. The strong spatial confinement and high field
enhancement make surface plasmon very attractive for
near-field optical imaging and sensing applications. As
one class of spatially variant polarization, cylindrical
vector beam is the axially symmetric beam solution to the
full vector electromagnetic wave equations. Due to its
rotational spatial polarization symmetry, cylindrical
vector beam has been discovered to be the ideal source
for surface plasmon excitation with axially symmetric
metal/dielectric structures. In this chapter, we review the
interaction of vectorial fields with various plasmonic
structures, including planar thin film, bull’s eye,
nanoantenna, conical tip and spiral antenna. Compared
with excitation with conventional spatially homogeneous
state of polarization, plasmon excitation with the use of
matched vectorial optical fields can lead to higher
coupling efficiency and stronger field enhancement with
focal spot beyond the diffraction limit.
1.1. Header
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) are free electron
oscillations near metal/dielectric interface due to the
interactions between incident photons and conduction
electrons of the metal. The resonant interaction gives rise
to many unique properties of SPP (e.g. short effective
wavelength, high spatial confinement and strong field
enhancement). In the field of optics, one of the most
attractive aspects of SPP is its capability of concentrating
and channeling light with subwavelength structures,
enabling miniaturized photonic circuits with dimensions
much smaller than those are currently available [1-2]. The
spatial confinement leads to a local electric field
enhancement that can be used to manipulate light-matter
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interactions and boost the efficiency of optical nonlinear
effects. Therefore, efficient SPP excitation is an
interesting and important topic in the area of near-field
optics, especially for applications in sensing, imaging,
and lithography.
As illustrated in Figure 1, the electric field of SPP
propagating on a metal interface (z = 0) in the x direction
can be expressed as
Esp  x, z   E0 e
iksp x  k z z
.
(1)
This solution corresponds to a surface mode propagating
along the interface with transverse wavevector k// = ksp
and exponentially decaying from the surface with decay
constant kz.
Fig. 1. Surface plasmon polaritons.
2. Header
As a wave phenomenon, SPP can be focused by
appropriate metallic structures, i.e. plasmonic lens.
Efficient excitation, focusing, coupling and guiding SPP
remain continued research interest. A major challenge
related to the SP focusing is to achieve tight focusing
with high energetic efficiency at the focus. Required by
the boundary conditions, SPPs can only be excited by
light field that is p-polarized with respect to the interface.
Thus the polarization of excitation source plays a major
role in the excitation and manipulation of SPPs. The
availability of vectorial optical fields with spatially
engineered polarization offers tremendous opportunities
The 6th Conference on Advances in Optoelectronics and Micro/Nano-optics (AOM 2017), Nanjing, China
in plasmonic focusing and manipulation. As special cases
of the vectorial optical field, radially and azimuthally
polarized beams with spatially variant states of
polarization have attracted much interest as a SPP
excitation sources. Radial polarization, whose local
electric field is linearly polarized along the radial
directions, was discovered to be the ideal source for SPP
excitation with axially symmetric metal/dielectric
structures. Recently, it was found that azimuthally
polarized beam could also be coupled to SPPs efficiently
by matching its polarization to spatially arranged
triangular apertures. Compared with their spatially
homogeneous counterparts (linear, elliptical, and circular
polarizations), vectorial beams offer higher coupling
efficiency, smaller and homogeneous focusing spot, and
stronger local field strength at the focus. These potential
advantages continuously motivate researches and
scientists to further exploit the feasibility of improving
the performance of plasmonic devices with the use of
vectorial beams illumination. In this chapter, we will
review the recent progresses on the interactions of
vectorial optical fields with various plasmonic structures.
Acknowledgment
This work is supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) (1263236, 0968895, 1102301); The
863 Program (2013AA014402).
Reference
[1] T. Johnson and H. Xu, “Study about lasers and
optics,” Opt. Lett. 24(9), 1012–1014 (2015).
[2] M. Chen and M. Moore, “Experimental quantumstate tomography of a solid-state qubit,” Appl. Phys.
Lett. 20(3), 12–16 (2015).
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